Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2103328707', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.6.594', 'title': 'Low Serum Micronutrient Concentrations Predict Frailty Among Older Women Living in the Community', 'display_name': 'Low Serum Micronutrient Concentrations Predict Frailty Among Older Women Living in the Community', 'publication_year': 2006, 'publication_date': '2006-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2103328707', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.6.594', 'mag': '2103328707', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16799142'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.6.594', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S969433497', 'display_name': 'The Journals of Gerontology Series A', 'issn_l': '1079-5006', 'issn': ['1079-5006', '1758-535X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029506023', 'display_name': 'Richard D. Semba', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-2908'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145311948', 'display_name': 'Johns Hopkins University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00za53h95', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. D. Semba', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore Maryland USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore Maryland USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024892630', 'display_name': 'Benedetta Bartali', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'display_name': 'Cornell University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05bnh6r87', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'B. Bartali', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Cornell University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Cornell University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5107939730', 'display_name': 'Junjun Zhou', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145311948', 'display_name': 'Johns Hopkins University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00za53h95', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. Zhou', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Johns Hopkins University ('], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Johns Hopkins University (', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5047035896', 'display_name': 'Caroline Blaum', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-3455'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C. Blaum', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Internal Medicine - Geriatric and Palliative Medicine'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Internal Medicine - Geriatric and Palliative Medicine', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065299734', 'display_name': 'C.-W. Ko', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-5492'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145311948', 'display_name': 'Johns Hopkins University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00za53h95', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C.-W. Ko', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Johns Hopkins University ('], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Johns Hopkins University (', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5079554237', 'display_name': 'Linda P. Fried', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0815-1706'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145311948', 'display_name': 'Johns Hopkins University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00za53h95', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'L. P. Fried', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Johns Hopkins University ('], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Johns Hopkins University (', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145311948']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.553, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 230, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.942378, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '61', 'issue': '6', 'first_page': '594', 'last_page': '599'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10397', 'display_name': 'Nutrition and Health in Aging', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10397', 'display_name': 'Nutrition and Health in Aging', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10866', 'display_name': 'Nutritional Studies and Diet', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11011', 'display_name': 'Frailty in Older Adults', 'score': 0.9904, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2717', 'display_name': 'Geriatrics and Gerontology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/quartile', 'display_name': 'Quartile', 'score': 0.8019334}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68443243', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2786686', 'display_name': 'Quartile', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8019334}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C14522933', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531507', 'display_name': 'Micronutrient', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.79760146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207103383', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246', 'display_name': 'Hazard ratio', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7862408}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7667656}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44249647', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498', 'display_name': 'Confidence interval', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6527407}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77350462', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472', 'display_name': 'Confounding', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50765526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61511704', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857', 'display_name': 'Incidence (geometry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4657211}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74909509', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387', 'display_name': 'Gerontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.46088764}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50382708', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218', 'display_name': 'Proportional hazards model', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.417756}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41583863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32912868}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15169716}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000375', 'descriptor_name': 'Aging', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016330', 'descriptor_name': 'Frail Elderly', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D044342', 'descriptor_name': 'Malnutrition', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018977', 'descriptor_name': 'Micronutrients', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016387', 'descriptor_name': "Women's Health", 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000369', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged, 80 and over', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000375', 'descriptor_name': 'Aging', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015415', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomarkers', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015415', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomarkers', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004185', 'descriptor_name': 'Disability Evaluation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005500', 'descriptor_name': 'Follow-Up Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D044342', 'descriptor_name': 'Malnutrition', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000534', 'qualifier_name': 'rehabilitation', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D044342', 'descriptor_name': 'Malnutrition', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D044342', 'descriptor_name': 'Malnutrition', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000453', 'qualifier_name': 'epidemiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008396', 'descriptor_name': 'Maryland', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008396', 'descriptor_name': 'Maryland', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000453', 'qualifier_name': 'epidemiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018977', 'descriptor_name': 'Micronutrients', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015995', 'descriptor_name': 'Prevalence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011379', 'descriptor_name': 'Prognosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012307', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.6.594', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S969433497', 'display_name': 'The Journals of Gerontology Series A', 'issn_l': '1079-5006', 'issn': ['1079-5006', '1758-535X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16799142', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.68, 'display_name': 'Zero hunger', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 36, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1910630333', 'https://openalex.org/W1914344200', 'https://openalex.org/W1935984793', 'https://openalex.org/W1947205259', 'https://openalex.org/W1947568291', 'https://openalex.org/W1949670894', 'https://openalex.org/W1963215827', 'https://openalex.org/W1963968682', 'https://openalex.org/W1972226752', 'https://openalex.org/W1974630582', 'https://openalex.org/W1975171039', 'https://openalex.org/W1994670953', 'https://openalex.org/W2013172585', 'https://openalex.org/W2033740146', 'https://openalex.org/W2039232770', 'https://openalex.org/W2075393104', 'https://openalex.org/W2084107143', 'https://openalex.org/W2098713111', 'https://openalex.org/W2099007490', 'https://openalex.org/W2100700568', 'https://openalex.org/W2100954433', 'https://openalex.org/W2101993054', 'https://openalex.org/W2103722336', 'https://openalex.org/W2108337587', 'https://openalex.org/W2114656311', 'https://openalex.org/W2116692231', 'https://openalex.org/W2152309992', 'https://openalex.org/W2155613500', 'https://openalex.org/W2162041084', 'https://openalex.org/W2162571886', 'https://openalex.org/W2164059021', 'https://openalex.org/W2167239668', 'https://openalex.org/W2181654645', 'https://openalex.org/W2314892802', 'https://openalex.org/W2330185254', 'https://openalex.org/W2900343777'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4297998612', 'https://openalex.org/W4283076055', 'https://openalex.org/W4281722959', 'https://openalex.org/W3158313871', 'https://openalex.org/W2994686985', 'https://openalex.org/W2520908537', 'https://openalex.org/W2519491333', 'https://openalex.org/W2142335076', 'https://openalex.org/W2134742138', 'https://openalex.org/W2117097810'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Micronutrient': [0], 'deficiencies': [1, 172], 'are': [2, 227], 'common': [3], 'among': [4, 18, 234], 'older': [5, 19, 236], 'adults.': [6], 'We': [7], 'hypothesized': [8], 'that': [9, 203], 'low': [10], 'serum': [11, 136, 210, 224], 'micronutrient': [12, 225, 248], 'concentrations': [13, 226], 'were': [14, 67, 89, 94], 'predictive': [15], 'of': [16, 44, 84, 117, 135, 165, 170, 184, 209, 216, 241, 247], 'frailty': [17, 233, 242], 'disabled': [20, 48, 235], 'women': [21, 50, 88, 93, 100, 124, 130, 204], 'living': [22], 'in': [23, 51, 125, 131, 205], 'the': [24, 34, 126, 132, 206, 239, 245], 'community.We': [25], 'studied': [26], '766': [27], 'women,': [28, 237], 'aged': [29], '65': [30], 'and': [31, 37, 60, 65, 77, 91, 153, 193, 238], 'older,': [32], 'from': [33], "Women's": [35], 'Health': [36], 'Aging': [38], 'Study': [39], 'I,': [40], 'a': [41, 213], 'population-based': [42], 'study': [43], 'moderately': [45], 'to': [46], 'severely': [47], 'community-dwelling': [49], 'Baltimore,': [52], 'Maryland.': [53], 'Serum': [54], 'vitamins': [55], 'A,': [56], 'D,': [57], 'E,': [58], 'B(6),': [59], 'B(12),': [61], 'carotenoids,': [62], 'folate,': [63], 'zinc,': [64], 'selenium': [66], 'measured': [68], 'at': [69, 75, 103], 'baseline.': [70], 'Frailty': [71], 'status': [72], 'was': [73, 178], 'determined': [74], 'baseline': [76], 'during': [78], 'annual': [79], 'visits': [80], 'for': [81, 189, 198, 232], '3': [82], 'years': [83], 'follow-up.At': [85], 'baseline,': [86], '250': [87], 'frail': [90, 218], '516': [92], 'not': [95], 'frail.': [96, 167], 'Of': [97], '463': [98], 'nonfrail': [99], 'who': [101], 'had': [102, 161, 212], 'least': [104], 'one': [105], 'follow-up': [106], 'visit,': [107], '205': [108], '(31.9%)': [109], 'became': [110], 'frail,': [111, 186], 'with': [112, 123, 180, 244], 'an': [113, 162, 181, 228], 'overall': [114], 'incidence': [115], 'rate': [116], '19.1': [118], 'per': [119], '100': [120], 'person-years.': [121], 'Compared': [122], 'upper': [127], 'three': [128], 'quartiles,': [129], 'lowest': [133, 207], 'quartile': [134, 208], 'carotenoids': [137, 211], '(hazard': [138], 'ratio': [139], '[HR]': [140], '1.39;': [141, 149], '95%': [142, 150, 158, 175, 221], 'confidence': [143], 'interval': [144], '[CI],': [145], '1.01-1.92),': [146], 'alpha-tocopherol': [147], '(HR': [148, 156, 173, 219], 'CI,': [151, 159, 176, 222], '1.02-1.92),': [152], '25-hydroxyvitamin': [154], 'D': [155], '1.34;': [157], '0.94-1.90)': [160], 'increased': [163, 182], 'risk': [164, 183, 215, 230, 240], 'becoming': [166, 185, 217], 'The': [168], 'number': [169, 246], 'nutritional': [171], '1.10;': [174], '1.01-1.20)': [177], 'associated': [179], 'after': [187], 'adjusting': [188], 'age,': [190], 'smoking': [191], 'status,': [192], 'chronic': [194], 'pulmonary': [195], 'disease.': [196], 'Adjusting': [197], 'potential': [199], 'confounders,': [200], 'we': [201], 'found': [202], 'higher': [214], '1.54;': [220], '1.11-2.13).Low': [223], 'independent': [229], 'factor': [231], 'increases': [243], 'deficiencies.': [249]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2103328707', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 16}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-02T12:19:03.171270', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}