Autophagy regulates sphingolipid levels in the liver

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Aikaterini Alexaki; Sita D. Gupta; Saurav Majumder; Mari Kono; Galina Tuymetova; Jeffrey M. Harmon; Teresa Dunn; Richard L. Proia
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3630, 3674, 3751], 'Scholar,': [352, 510, 529, 574, 644, 673, 695, 718, 764, 792, 867, 885, 904, 930, 1060, 1095, 1112, 1156, 1212, 1244, 1341, 1625, 1700, 1844, 1880, 2419, 3631], '2Merrill': [353], 'Jr,': [354, 1589, 2611], 'A.H.': [355, 551, 1590], 'glycosphingolipid': [358], 'pathways': [360, 1473], 'era': [363], 'sphingolipidomics.Chem.': [365], 'Rev.': [366, 784, 895, 1447, 1692, 1834], '2011;': [367, 666, 688, 833, 923, 1752], '111:': [368], '6387-6422Crossref': [369], '(504)': [372], 'Scholar).': [374, 455, 976, 1289, 1457, 1787, 1906, 2066, 2438, 2580, 2642, 2828, 3156], 'In': [375, 1788, 2199, 2294, 3083, 4089, 4161], 'endoplasmic': [377, 1511], 'reticulum': [378], '(ER),': [379], '(SPT)': [382], 'catalyzes': [383], 'first': [385, 1947, 2996], 'rate-limiting': [387], 'step': [388, 1332], 'with': [394, 1297, 1377, 1562, 1966, 2243, 2266, 2354, 2442, 2464, 2523, 2656, 2680, 2706, 2839, 2862, 2871, 2924, 2941, 2952, 2971, 2998, 3004, 3071, 3189, 3294, 3316, 3335, 3382, 3405, 3425, 3430, 3461, 3765, 3826, 3833, 3857, 3884, 3928, 4051, 4093, 4114, 4152, 4204, 4206], 'condensation': [396], 'palmitoyl-CoA': [400], 'form': [402, 1381], 'sphingoid': [404], 'base': [405], 'eventually': [408], 'converted': [409], 'key': [413, 1325], 'occupies': [416], 'central': [418], 'hub': [419], 'pathway': [423, 2809, 3505, 4070], '(3Hannun': [424], 'Y.A.': [425, 533, 849, 2804], 'Obeid': [426, 846, 1219, 2801], 'L.M.': [427, 531, 847, 1220, 2802], 'ceramide-centric': [429, 626, 1769], 'universe': [430], 'lipid-mediated': [432], 'regulation:': [434], 'stress': [435, 517, 956, 964, 1862], 'encounters': [436], 'lipid': [439, 1545], 'kind.J.': [440], 'Biol.': [441, 521, 665, 921, 968, 1052, 1081, 1142, 1198, 1275, 1353, 1751, 2052, 2178, 2217, 2312, 2411, 2566, 3148, 3617, 3661, 3738], 'Chem.': [442, 1051, 1082, 1143, 1199, 1276, 2053, 2567, 3618, 3662, 3739], '2002;': [443, 3740], '277:': [444, 3741], '25847-25850Abstract': [445], '(743)': [453], 'Ceramide': [456, 515, 962], 'undergoes': [457], 'anabolic': [458, 1655], 'reactions': [459], 'generate': [461, 1412, 2115, 2249, 2459, 2474, 3756], 'sphingomyelin': [462], 'various': [464], 'glycosphingolipids,': [465], 'or': [466, 1308, 1420, 1498, 1521, 3527, 3539], 'reactions,': [468], 'lead': [470], 'generation': [473, 1299], 'sphingosine': [475, 2806, 3219], 'sphingosine-1-phosphate': [477], '(S1P).': [478], 'Alterations': [479], 'have': [483, 1004, 1792, 1908, 2376, 3584], 'implicated': [485], 'many': [487], 'pathophysiologies,': [488], 'aging': [490, 603, 1573, 1890], '(4Huang': [491], 'X.': [492, 910], 'Withers': [493], 'B.R.': [494], 'Dickson': [495], 'R.C.': [496], 'lifespan': [499], 'regulation.Biochim.': [500], 'Biophys.': [501, 859, 876], 'Acta.': [502, 860, 877], '2014;': [503, 861, 878, 1837], '1841:': [504, 879], '657-664Crossref': [505], '(69)': [508], '5Nikolova-Karakashian': [511], 'M.N.': [512, 959], 'Rozenova': [513, 960], 'K.A.': [514, 961], 'response.Adv.': [518, 965], 'Exp.': [519, 663, 966, 1749], 'Med.': [520, 566, 664, 967, 1750, 1898], '688:': [523, 970], '86-108Crossref': [524, 971], '(101)': [527, 974], '6Obeid': [530], 'Hannun': [532, 848, 2803], 'Ceramide,': [534], 'stress,': [535, 1715], '"LAG"': [538], 'aging.Sci.': [540], 'SAGE': [541], 'KE.': [542], '2003;': [543, 2821], '2003:': [544], 'PE27Google': [545], 'Scholar),': [546, 618, 840, 954, 1492, 1520, 1672, 1729, 1759, 2321, 3675], 'neurodegeneration': [547, 1673], '(7Ben-David': [548], 'O.': [549], 'Futerman': [550], 'role': [553, 3241], 'acyl': [557], 'chain': [558, 3569], 'length': [559], 'neurodegeneration:': [561], 'involvement': [562], 'synthases.Neuromolecular': [565], '12:': [568, 1355], '341-350Crossref': [569], '(107)': [572], '8Cutler': [575], 'R.G.': [576], 'Kelly': [577, 1161, 1586], 'J.': [578, 1236, 2154, 2160, 2387, 2393, 2547, 2790, 2798, 2820, 3124, 3130], 'Storie': [579], 'K.': [580, 586, 732, 1158, 1538, 2028, 2541, 2603, 3593, 3637, 3702], 'Pedersen': [581], 'W.A.': [582], 'Tammara': [583], 'A.': [584, 738, 1118, 1124, 1168, 1575, 1581, 2192, 2287, 2551], 'Hatanpaa': [585], 'Troncoso': [587], 'J.C.': [588, 1164], 'Mattson': [589], 'M.P.': [590], 'Involvement': [591], 'oxidative': [593], 'stress-induced': [594], 'abnormalities': [595], 'cholesterol': [599], 'brain': [602], "Alzheimer's": [605, 1708], 'disease.Proc.': [606], 'Natl.': [607, 2631], 'Acad.': [608, 2632], 'Sci.': [609, 2633], 'USA.': [610, 2634], '2004;': [611, 1144, 2219, 2314, 2568], '101:': [612], '2070-2075Crossref': [613], '(830)': [616], 'diseases': [620, 1430], '(9Chavez': [621, 1764], 'J.A.': [622, 1765], 'Summers': [623, 676, 767, 1766], 'S.A.': [624, 677, 768, 887, 932, 1343, 1767], 'A': [625, 1768, 2039, 2699, 3604, 3682, 3761, 4010], 'view': [627, 1770], 'insulin': [629, 749, 770, 815, 1717, 1772, 1865], 'resistance.Cell': [630, 750, 1773, 1866], 'Metab.': [631, 705, 751, 1774, 1867], '2012;': [632, 706, 1053, 1450, 1618, 1665, 1722, 1775], '15:': [633, 1776, 2220, 2315], '585-594Abstract': [634, 1777], '(430)': [642, 1785], '10Samad': [645], 'F.': [646, 1114, 1122, 1732, 2609], 'Badeanlou': [647, 1733], 'L.': [648, 1312, 1734, 1846, 2543], 'Shah': [649, 1735], 'C.': [650, 1064, 1116, 1736, 1882], 'Yang': [651, 1737], 'G.': [652, 800, 808, 1120, 1469, 1675, 1738, 2032, 2539, 2599, 3597, 3641, 3704], 'Adipose': [653, 1739], 'tissue': [654, 1740, 2876, 2910, 2949], 'obesity.Adv.': [662, 1748], '721:': [667, 1753], '67-86Crossref': [668, 1754], '(42)': [671, 1757], '11Bikman': [674], 'B.T.': [675, 796], 'Ceramides': [678], 'modulators': [680], 'whole-body': [684], 'metabolism.J.': [685], 'Clin.': [686, 831], 'Invest.': [687, 832], '121:': [689, 834], '4222-4230Crossref': [690], '(295)': [693], '12Hla': [696], 'T.': [697, 1068, 1264, 1345, 2152, 2196, 2291, 2385, 3122], 'Dannenberg': [698, 1253], 'A.J.': [699, 1254], 'disorders.Cell': [704], '16:': [707], '420-434Abstract': [708], '(156)': [716], '13Holland': [719], 'W.L.': [720, 766, 794], 'Brozinick': [721], 'J.T.': [722], 'Wang': [723, 797, 1165, 1529, 1584], 'L.P.': [724, 798], 'Hawkins': [725], 'E.D.': [726], 'Sargent': [727, 801], 'K.M.': [728, 802], 'Liu': [729, 909], 'Y.': [730, 1246, 1530, 1532, 2164, 2166, 2198, 2293, 2397, 2399, 3134, 3136], 'Narra': [731], 'Hoehn': [733], 'K.L.': [734], 'Knotts': [735, 805], 'T.A.': [736, 806], 'Siesky': [737], 'et': [739, 813, 1041, 1177, 2167, 2400, 3137], 'al.Inhibition': [740], 'ameliorates': [744], 'glucocorticoid-,': [745], 'saturated-fat-,': [746], 'obesity-induced': [748], '2007;': [752, 1513], '5:': [753, 1106], '167-179Abstract': [754], '(906)': [762], '14Holland': [765], 'Sphingolipids,': [769], 'resistance,': [771], 'disease:': [774, 1709], 'new': [775], 'insights': [776], 'from': [777, 1305, 1425, 2127, 2533, 2645, 2724, 2730, 2909, 2980, 3297, 3318, 3338, 3385, 3878], 'manipulation': [780], 'metabolism.Endocr.': [783], '2008;': [785, 1899], '29:': [786], '381-402Crossref': [787], '(427)': [790], '15Holland': [793], 'Bikman': [795], 'Yuguang': [799], 'Bulchand': [803], 'S.': [804, 1028, 1030, 1062, 1066, 1162, 1501, 1503, 1528, 1636, 1850, 2034, 2150, 2156, 2383, 2389, 2605, 3120, 3126, 3599], 'Shui': [807], 'Clegg': [809], 'D.J.': [810], 'Wenk': [811], 'M.R.': [812], 'al.Lipid-induced': [814], 'resistance': [816, 1658, 1718], 'mediated': [817], 'proinflammatory': [820], 'receptor': [821], 'TLR4': [822], 'requires': [823], 'saturated': [824], 'fatty': [825], 'acid-induced': [826], 'mice.J.': [830, 2176, 2409, 3146], '1858-1870Crossref': [835], '(490)': [838], 'cancer': [841, 853, 893, 940], '(16Truman': [842], 'J.P.': [843], 'Garcia-Barros': [844], 'M.': [845, 914, 1170, 1316, 1536, 2148, 2194, 2289, 2381, 2545, 3118, 3710], 'Evolving': [850], 'concepts': [851], 'therapy': [854], 'through': [855, 3113, 4056], 'targeting': [856, 1465], 'metabolism.Biochim.': [858], '184:': [862], '1174-1188Crossref': [863], '(92)': [865], '17Jiang': [868], 'W.': [869, 1026], 'Ogretmen': [870, 933], 'B.': [871, 934, 1070, 1250, 1436, 1679], 'Autophagy': [872, 1290, 1437, 1543], 'paradox': [873], 'ceramide.Biochim.': [875], '783-792Crossref': [880], '(77)': [883, 1698, 2064, 3629], '18Morad': [886], 'Cabot': [888], 'M.C.': [889, 1176], 'Ceramide-orchestrated': [890], 'signalling': [891], 'cells.Nat.': [894], 'Cancer.': [896], '2013;': [897, 947, 1277, 1336, 1485, 3663], '13:': [898], '51-65Crossref': [899], '(429)': [902], '19Ryland': [905], 'L.K.': [906], 'Fox': [907], 'T.E.': [908], 'Loughran': [911], 'T.P.': [912], 'Kester': [913], 'Dysregulation': [915], 'cancer.Cancer': [920], 'Ther.': [922], '11:': [924, 1451, 1838, 1869], '138-149Crossref': [925], '(153)': [928], '20Saddoughi': [931], 'Diverse': [935], 'functions': [936, 1812], 'death': [942], 'proliferation.Adv.': [944], 'Cancer': [945], 'Res.': [946, 1691], '117:': [948], '37-58Crossref': [949], '(125)': [952], 'responses': [957, 1272], '(5Nikolova-Karakashian': [958], 'However,': [977], 'regulate': [981], 'under': [985], 'physiologic': [986], 'pathophysiologic': [988, 1570], 'still': [991], 'Changes': [994], 'other': [1001, 1309, 2669, 2715], 'shown': [1006, 3582], 'affect': [1008], 'macroautophagy': [1009, 1130], '(referred': [1010], 'hereafter': [1012], 'autophagy)': [1014], 'variety': [1017], 'types': [1020], '(21Sentelle': [1021], 'R.D.': [1022], 'Senkal': [1023], 'C.E.': [1024, 2800], 'Jiang': [1025], 'Ponnusamy': [1027], 'Gencer': [1029], 'Selvam': [1031], 'S.P.': [1032], 'Ramshesh': [1033], 'V.K.': [1034], 'Peterson': [1035], 'Y.K.': [1036], 'Lemasters': [1037], 'J.J.': [1038], 'Szulc': [1039], 'Z.M.': [1040], 'al.Ceramide': [1042], 'targets': [1043], 'autophagosomes': [1044], 'mitochondria': [1046, 1466], 'lethal': [1049], 'mitophagy.Nat.': [1050], '8:': [1054], '831-838Crossref': [1055], '(326)': [1058], '22Pattingre': [1061], 'Bauvy': [1063, 1115], 'Carpentier': [1065], 'Levade': [1067], 'Levine': [1069, 1435], 'Codogno': [1071, 1127, 1433], 'P.': [1072, 1128, 1434, 1505, 1848, 2607], 'Role': [1073], 'JNK1-dependent': [1075], 'Bcl-2': [1076], 'phosphorylation': [1077], 'ceramide-induced': [1079, 1684], 'macroautophagy.J.': [1080], '2009;': [1083, 1105, 1237, 1547, 1693, 2431, 2635], '284:': [1084], '2719-2728Abstract': [1085], '(223)': [1093], '23Peralta': [1096], 'E.R.': [1097], 'Edinger': [1098], 'A.L.': [1099], 'Ceramide-induced': [1100], 'starvation': [1101, 2208, 2303], 'triggers': [1102], 'homeostatic': [1103], 'autophagy.Autophagy.': [1104], '407-409Crossref': [1107], '(18)': [1110], '24Scarlatti': [1113], 'Ventruti': [1117], 'Sala': [1119], 'Cluzeaud': [1121], 'Vandewalle': [1123], 'Ghidoni': [1125], 'R.': [1126, 1318, 1526, 3712], 'Ceramide-mediated': [1129], 'involves': [1131], 'inhibition': [1132], 'protein': [1134, 1234, 2083, 2835, 2842, 3267, 3360, 3367, 3841, 3898, 3918], 'kinase': [1135, 2807], 'B': [1136], 'up-regulation': [1138], 'beclin': [1140], '1.J.': [1141], '279:': [1145, 2569], '18384-18391Abstract': [1146], '(367)': [1154], '25Sims': [1157], 'Haynes': [1159], 'C.A.': [1160], 'Allegood': [1163], 'E.': [1166, 1260, 1585, 3706], 'Momin': [1167], 'Leipelt': [1169], 'Reichart': [1171], 'D.': [1172, 1314, 1583, 3635, 3708], 'Glass': [1173], 'C.K.': [1174], 'Sullards': [1175], 'al.Kdo2-lipid': [1178], 'A,': [1179], 'TLR4-specific': [1181], 'agonist,': [1182], 'RAW264.7': [1189], 'macrophages,': [1190], 'induction': [1195, 2812, 3787], 'autophagy.J.': [1197], '285:': [1201, 2055, 3620], '38568-38579Abstract': [1202], '(90)': [1210], '26Spassieva': [1213], 'S.D.': [1214, 2030, 2549, 2601, 3595, 3639], 'Mullen': [1215], 'T.D.': [1216], 'Townsend': [1217], 'D.M.': [1218], 'Disruption': [1221], 'CerS2': [1226], 'down-regulation': [1227], 'leads': [1228, 3695], 'unfolded': [1233], 'response.Biochem.': [1235], '424:': [1238], '273-283Crossref': [1239], '(97)': [1242], '27Xiong': [1245], 'Lee': [1247], 'H.J.': [1248], 'Mariko': [1249], 'Lu': [1251], 'Y.C.': [1252], 'Haka': [1255], 'A.S.': [1256], 'Maxfield': [1257], 'F.R.': [1258], 'Camerer': [1259], 'Proia': [1261], 'R.L.': [1262], 'Hla': [1263], 'Sphingosine': [1265, 4061], 'kinases': [1266], 'required': [1269], 'inflammatory': [1271, 1429], 'macrophages.J.': [1274], '288:': [1278, 3664], '32563-32573Abstract': [1279], '(55)': [1287], 'starts': [1296], 'double-membrane': [1302], 'cup-like': [1303], 'phagophore': [1304, 1363], 'ER': [1307, 1496, 1714, 1861], 'sources': [1310], '(28Ge': [1311], 'Melville': [1313], 'Zhang': [1315], 'Schekman': [1317], 'ER-Golgi': [1320], 'intermediate': [1321], 'compartment': [1322], 'source': [1327], 'LC3': [1330], 'lipidation': [1331], 'biogenesis.eLife.': [1335], '2:': [1337], 'e00947Crossref': [1338], '29Tooze': [1342], 'Yoshimori': [1344, 2195, 2290], 'origin': [1347], 'autophagosomal': [1350], 'membrane.Nat.': [1351], 'Cell': [1352, 2177, 2410, 3147], '831-835Crossref': [1356], '(434)': [1359], 'Scholar);': [1361], 'then': [1364], 'captures': [1365], 'material': [1367], 'matures': [1369], 'into': [1370, 2094, 2592, 3678], 'will': [1374], 'subsequently': [1375, 3002], 'fuse': [1376], 'lysosome': [1379], 'autolysosome,': [1383], 'enabling': [1384, 1951], 'degradation': [1385, 4072], 'engulfed': [1388], 'material.': [1389], 'This': [1390], 'crucial': [1393], 'removal': [1395], 'pathogens': [1397], 'damaged': [1399], 'proteins': [1400], 'organelles,': [1402], 'well': [1404, 3206], 'reutilization': [1408], 'nutrients': [1410], 'energy': [1413], 'Clearance': [1417], 'toxic': [1419], 'defective': [1421], 'protects': [1424], 'degenerative,': [1426], 'metabolic,': [1427], '(30Rubinsztein': [1431], 'D.C.': [1432], 'modulation': [1438], 'potential': [1441], 'therapeutic': [1442], 'target': [1443], 'diseases.Nat.': [1446], 'Drug': [1448], 'Discov.': [1449], '709-730Crossref': [1452], '(1130)': [1455], 'Some': [1458], 'forms': [1459], 'specific,': [1463], 'uniquely': [1464], '(mitophagy)': [1467], '(31Ashrafi': [1468], 'Schwarz': [1470], 'T.L.': [1471], 'mitophagy': [1475], 'quality': [1477], 'control': [1478, 2026, 3168, 3190, 3298, 3319, 3339, 3386, 3758, 3763, 3940, 4208], 'clearance': [1480], 'mitochondria.Cell': [1482], 'Death': [1483], 'Differ.': [1484], '20:': [1486], '31-42Crossref': [1487], '(982)': [1490], 'segments': [1493], '(ER-phagy': [1497], 'reticulophagy)': [1499], '(32Bernales': [1500], 'Schuck': [1502], 'Walter': [1504], 'ER-phagy:': [1506], 'selective': [1507], 'reticulum.Autophagy.': [1512], '3:': [1514], '285-287Crossref': [1515], '(293)': [1518], 'triglyceride': [1522, 2863], 'stores': [1523], '(lipophagy)': [1524], '(33Singh': [1525], 'Kaushik': [1527], 'Xiang': [1531], 'Novak': [1533], 'I.': [1534, 2158, 2391, 3128], 'Komatsu': [1535, 2233], 'Tanaka': [1537], 'Cuervo': [1539, 1822, 1883], 'A.M.': [1540, 1823, 1884, 2792], 'Czaja': [1541], 'M.J.': [1542], 'regulates': [1544, 3065], 'metabolism.Nature.': [1546], '458:': [1548], '1131-1135Crossref': [1549], '(2634)': [1552], 'Scholar)': [1554, 2186, 2226, 3752], 'degradation.': [1556], 'Impaired': [1557], 'encountered,': [1560], 'along': [1561], 'increased': [1563, 3223, 3308, 3328, 3354, 3373, 3910, 3989, 3996, 4052, 4077, 4104, 4122, 4153], 'levels,': [1565, 3204], 'number': [1568], 'conditions,': [1571], '(34Molano': [1574], 'Huang': [1576], 'Z.': [1577], 'Marko': [1578], 'M.G.': [1579], 'Azzi': [1580], 'Wu': [1582], 'S.L.': [1587], 'Merrill': [1588], 'Bunnell': [1591], 'S.C.': [1592], 'Meydani': [1593], 'S.N.': [1594], 'Age-dependent': [1595], 'changes': [1596, 3400], 'composition': [1600], 'mouse': [1602, 2129, 2981, 3408, 3838], 'CD4+': [1603], 'T': [1604, 1614], 'membranes': [1606, 2710], 'immune': [1608], 'synapses': [1609], 'implicate': [1610], 'glucosylceramides': [1611], 'age-related': [1613], 'dysfunction.PLoS': [1616], 'ONE.': [1617], '7:': [1619], 'e47650Crossref': [1620], '(24)': [1623], '35Rivas': [1626], 'D.A.': [1627], 'Morris': [1628], 'E.P.': [1629, 1633], 'Haran': [1630], 'P.H.': [1631], 'Pasha': [1632], 'Morais': [1634], 'Mda': [1635], 'Dolnikowski': [1637], 'G.G.': [1638], 'Phillips': [1639], 'E.M.': [1640], 'Fielding': [1641], 'R.A.': [1642], 'Increased': [1643], 'content': [1645, 2836, 2859], 'NFκB': [1647], 'attenuation': [1653], 'after': [1657, 2264, 2330, 3976], 'exercise': [1659], 'aged': [1661], 'males.J.': [1662], 'Appl.': [1663], 'Physiol.': [1664], '113:': [1666], '1727-1736Crossref': [1667], '(72)': [1670], '(36Arboleda': [1674], 'Morales': [1676], 'L.C.': [1677], 'Benitez': [1678], 'Arboleda': [1680], 'H.': [1681], 'Regulation': [1682], 'neuronal': [1685], 'death:': [1686], 'meets': [1689], 'neurodegeneration.Brain': [1690], '59:': [1694], '333-346Crossref': [1695], '37de': [1701], 'la': [1702], 'Monte': [1703], 'S.M.': [1704], 'Triangulated': [1705], 'mal-signaling': [1706], 'roles': [1710], 'neurotoxic': [1712], 'ceramides,': [1713], 'reviewed.J.': [1719], 'Alzheimers': [1720], 'Dis.': [1721], '30:': [1723], 'S231-S249Crossref': [1724], '(64)': [1727], 'obesity': [1730, 1859], '(10Samad': [1731], 'type': [1761, 3731], '2': [1762], 'diabetes': [1763], 'this': [1789, 3991], 'study,': [1790], 'addressed': [1793], 'controlling': [1799], 'liver,': [1804, 1918, 3106, 4107], 'organ': [1806], 'system': [1807, 2739, 3009, 3038], 'where': [1808], 'serves': [1810], 'maintaining': [1814], 'homeostasis': [1815], 'preventing': [1817], 'disease': [1819], '(38Schneider': [1820], 'J.L.': [1821], 'Liver': [1824, 2672, 2829], 'autophagy:': [1825], 'much': [1826], 'more': [1827], 'than': [1828], 'just': [1829], 'taking': [1830], 'out': [1831], 'trash.Nat.': [1833], 'Gastroenterol.': [1835], 'Hepatol.': [1836], '187-200Crossref': [1839], '(138)': [1842], '39Yang': [1845], 'Li': [1847], 'Fu': [1849], 'Calay': [1851], 'E.S.': [1852], 'Hotamisligil': [1853], 'G.S.': [1854], 'Defec\xadtive': [1855], 'hepatic': [1856, 1896, 3483], 'promotes': [1860], '467-478Abstract': [1870], '(935)': [1878], '40Zhang': [1881], 'Restoration': [1885], 'chaperone-mediated': [1887], 'improves': [1892], 'maintenance': [1894], 'function.Nat.': [1897], '14:': [1900], '959-965Crossref': [1901], '(383)': [1904], 'found': [1909, 1960], 'when': [1911, 2495, 2704, 2721, 2727], 'genetically': [1914], 'blocked': [1915], 'several': [1919, 3210, 4099], 'species,': [1921], 'substantially.': [1925], 'To': [1926, 3251, 3396, 3541], 'determine': [1927, 2360, 3062, 3177, 3498, 3956], 'whether': [1928, 3063, 3253, 3499], 'SPT': [1931, 1943, 1964, 2007, 2582, 3302, 3355, 3515, 3548, 3692, 3767, 3789, 3869, 3929], 'activity': [1932, 1965, 2583, 3304, 3586, 3870, 3931], 'can,': [1935], 'turn,': [1937], 'trigger': [1938], 'expressed': [1941, 3845], 'holoenzyme': [1944], 'time': [1948], 'vivo,': [1950, 3551], 'direct': [1952], 'initiation': [1953], 'biosynthesis.': [1958], 'elevated': [1963, 4194], 'concomitant': [1967], 'demonstrate': [1977], 'controls': [1980], 'suggests': [1986], 'possibility': [1988], 'dysfunctional': [1990], 'numerous': [1993], 'cause': [1997], 'alterations': [1998], 'construction': [2003], 'fusion': [2006, 3691], '(fSPT)': [2008], 'gene': [2009, 2020, 3078, 3095, 3768], 'previously': [2011, 2282, 2378, 2536, 2596, 3580], 'described,': [2013], 'mutant': [2017], 'fSPT': [2018, 2067, 3553, 3576, 3835, 3840, 3897, 3917, 4212], '(Mut-fSPT)': [2019, 3693], 'was': [2022, 2068, 2357, 2584, 2665, 2673, 2702, 2719, 2740, 2830, 2837, 2860, 2877, 2887, 2950, 2963, 2983, 2995, 3055, 3174, 3263, 3305, 3371, 3506, 3571, 3676, 3753, 3770, 3778, 3824, 3842, 3871, 3899, 3953, 3995, 4013], 'used': [2023, 2137, 2346, 2358, 2653, 2666, 2703, 2712, 2720, 3754, 3779], '(41Gable': [2027, 3592], 'Gupta': [2029, 2548, 2600, 3594, 3638], 'Han': [2031, 3596, 3640, 3703], 'Niranjanakumari': [2033, 2604, 3598], 'Harmon': [2035, 2552, 2613, 3600], 'J.M.': [2036, 2553, 2614, 3601, 3633], 'Dunn': [2037, 2554, 2615, 3602, 3646, 3713], 'T.M.': [2038, 2555, 2616, 3603, 3647, 3714], 'disease-causing': [2040, 3605], 'mutation': [2041, 3606, 3684], 'active': [2044, 3547, 3609, 4211], 'site': [2045, 2074, 3610, 3688], 'catalytic': [2050, 3585, 3615, 3687], 'promiscuity.J.': [2051, 3616], '22846-22852Abstract': [2056, 3621], 'inserted': [2069], 'multiple': [2072, 2780, 3099], 'cloning': [2073], 'dual-CCM': [2077], 'dual': [2080], 'green': [2081], 'fluorescent': [2082, 2214, 2309], '(GFP)-CCM': [2084], 'vectors': [2085], '(Vector': [2086], 'BioLabs).': [2087], 'Construction': [2088], 'adenovirus': [2091, 2097, 3680, 3759, 3764], 'vectors,': [2092], 'incorporation': [2093, 2589], 'human': [2096, 3558], 'serotype': [2098], '5': [2099, 2447, 2465, 2933, 3804, 3812], '(DE1/E3),': [2100], 'amplification': [2101, 2108], 'virus': [2104, 3862], 'stock,': [2105], 'CsCl': [2107], 'were': [2109, 2125, 2141, 2228, 2241, 2262, 2345, 2440, 2479, 2500, 2519, 2531, 2652, 2711, 2748, 2847, 2869, 2893, 2907, 2916, 2928, 2969, 3020, 3044, 3159, 3221, 3326, 3409, 3459, 3987, 4075, 4103, 4121, 4144], 'performed': [2110, 2520, 2888, 2964, 3045, 3175, 3825, 3954], 'Vector': [2112], 'BioLabs': [2113], 'fSPT-,': [2117], 'fSPT-GFP-,': [2118], 'Mut-fSPT-,': [2119], 'null-adenoviruses.': [2121], 'Wild-type': [2122], 'C57BL6': [2123, 2144, 2334, 3795], 'mice': [2124, 2136, 2211, 2227, 2240, 2247, 2261, 2306, 2341, 2651, 3070, 3086, 3194, 3230, 3292, 3299, 3314, 3320, 3333, 3340, 3380, 3387, 3429, 3464, 3796, 3855, 3882, 3889, 3973, 4091, 4172], 'purchased': [2126], 'repository': [2130], 'at': [2131, 2277, 2347, 2689, 2697, 2760, 2956, 3902, 4124], 'NCI,': [2132], 'Frederick,': [2133], 'MD.': [2134], 'All': [2135, 2497], 'throughout': [2138], 'study': [2140], 'on': [2142, 2767, 2895, 3031, 3489, 3914, 3941, 3947], 'background.': [2145], 'GFP-LC3+/+': [2146, 2336], '(42Komatsu': [2147, 2380, 3117], 'Waguri': [2149, 2382, 3119], 'Ueno': [2151, 2384, 3121], 'Iwata': [2153, 2386, 3123], 'Murata': [2155, 2388, 3125], 'Tanida': [2157, 2390, 3127], 'Ezaki': [2159, 2392, 3129], 'Mizushima': [2161, 2394, 3131], 'N.': [2162, 2190, 2285, 2395, 2421, 3132, 3643, 3645], 'Ohsumi': [2163, 2197, 2292, 2396, 3133], 'Uchiyama': [2165, 2398, 3135], 'al.Impairment': [2168, 2401, 3138], 'starvation-induced': [2170, 2403, 3140], 'constitutive': [2172, 2405, 3142], 'Atg7-deficient': [2175, 2408, 3145], '2005;': [2179, 2412, 3149], '169:': [2180, 2413, 3150], '425-434Crossref': [2181, 2414, 3151], '(1911)': [2184, 2417, 3154], 'Atg7lox/lox': [2188, 2239, 2734], '(43Mizushima': [2189, 2284], 'Yamamoto': [2191, 2286], 'Matsui': [2193, 2288], 'analysis': [2201, 2296, 3173, 3274, 3952], 'response': [2205, 2300, 2817], 'nutrient': [2207, 2302], 'using': [2209, 2304, 2426, 2849, 2985, 3023, 3069, 3438, 3797], 'transgenic': [2210, 2305, 2337, 2428], 'expressing': [2212, 2307], 'marker.Mol.': [2216, 2311], '1101-1111Crossref': [2221, 2316], '(1921)': [2224, 2319], 'kindly': [2229], 'provided': [2230], 'Masaaki': [2232], 'Dr.': [2235], 'Noboru': [2236], 'Mizushima,': [2237], 'respectively.': [2238, 2259], 'bred': [2242], 'Mx-cre': [2244], 'Alb-cre': [2246], 'Atg7-indKO': [2251, 2260, 3407, 3463], '(Atg7lox/lox': [2252], 'Mx-cre)': [2253], 'Atg7LKO': [2255, 2340, 3447], '(Atg7loxl/lox': [2256], 'Alb-cre)': [2257], 'mice,': [2258, 2335, 2338, 2735, 3103, 3191, 3448], 'injected': [2263, 3856], 'weaning': [2265], '300': [2267], 'μl': [2268], 'poly(I:C)': [2269, 3116], 'solution': [2270], '(1': [2271, 2993], 'mg/ml': [2272], 'water)': [2274], 'three': [2275], 'times': [2276], '48': [2278], 'h': [2279, 3975], 'intervals,': [2280], 'described': [2283, 2379, 2537, 2597, 2786, 3423], 'induce': [2323], 'Cre': [2324, 2368, 3110, 3439], 'expression': [2325, 3112, 3544, 3782, 3790, 3907], 'harvested': [2327], '3': [2328, 3904, 4126], 'weeks': [2329, 2350], 'last': [2332], 'injection.': [2333], '(with': [2342], 'their': [2343, 3200, 4047], 'controls)': [2344], 'around': [2348], '7–10': [2349], 'age.': [2352], 'PCR': [2353], 'mouse-tail': [2355], 'DNA': [2356], 'genotype': [2362, 3090], 'GFP-LC3,': [2365], 'Atg7lox,': [2366], 'loci;': [2369], 'primers': [2370, 3028], 'all': [2374, 2668, 2714, 3455], 'PCRs': [2375], '44Mizushima': [2420], 'Methods': [2422], 'monitoring': [2424], 'GFP-LC3': [2427], 'mice.Methods': [2429], 'Enzymol.': [2430], '452:': [2432], '13-23Crossref': [2433], '(136)': [2436], 'Mice': [2439, 2478, 2868], 'infected': [2441], 'tail-vein': [2444], 'injection': [2445, 3774], '×': [2448, 2466, 3805, 3813], '108': [2449, 3806], 'plaque': [2450], 'forming': [2451], 'units': [2452, 3808], '(PFU)': [2453], 'fSPT-adenovirus': [2455, 3801, 4191], '(or': [2456], 'Mut-fSPT-adenovirus)': [2457], 'low-dose': [2461], 'model': [2462], '109': [2467, 3814], 'PFU': [2468], 'same': [2471, 3421, 4134], 'viruses': [2472], 'high-dose': [2476, 3880, 3980], 'model.': [2477], 'fed': [2480], 'regular': [2482], 'chow': [2483], 'diet': [2484, 2488], '[or': [2485], 'high-fat': [2487], '(60%': [2489], 'kcal': [2490], 'fat,': [2491], 'Research': [2492], 'Diets,': [2493], 'Inc.)': [2494], 'indicated].': [2496], 'animal': [2498], 'procedures': [2499], 'approved': [2501], 'National': [2504, 2525], 'Institute': [2505], 'Diabetes': [2507], 'Digestive': [2509], 'Kidney': [2511], 'Diseases': [2512], 'Animal': [2513], 'Care': [2514], 'Use': [2516], 'Committee': [2517], 'accordance': [2522], 'Institutes': [2526], 'Health': [2528], 'guidelines.': [2529], 'Microsomes': [2530], 'prepared': [2532], '(45Han': [2538], 'Gable': [2540, 2602, 3636], 'Yan': [2542], 'Natarajan': [2544, 3709], 'Krishnamurthy': [2546], 'Borovitskaya': [2550], 'topology': [2557], 'Lcb1p': [2560], 'subunit': [2561, 3535], 'yeast': [2563, 3718], 'palmitoyltransferase.J.': [2565, 3660, 3737], '53707-53716Abstract': [2570], '(49)': [2578, 3673], 'Microsomal': [2581], 'assayed': [2585], 'measuring': [2587], 'acyl-CoA-dependent': [2588], '[3H]serine': [2591], 'long-chain': [2593], 'bases': [2594], '(46Han': [2598], 'Moitra': [2606], 'Eichler': [2608], 'Brown': [2610], 'R.H.': [2612], 'Identification': [2617], 'small': [2619, 3534, 3655], 'subunits': [2620, 3286, 3361, 3523, 3559, 3657], 'mammalian': [2622], 'confer': [2626], 'distinct': [2627], 'acyl-CoA': [2628], 'substrate': [2629, 4055], 'specificities.Proc.': [2630], '106:': [2636], '8186-8191Crossref': [2637], '(175)': [2640], 'Microsome': [2643], 'preparations': [2644], 'livers': [2647, 3226, 3289, 3296, 3311, 3317, 3330, 3337, 3376, 3384, 3853], 'adenovirus-injected': [2650], 'immunoblotting': [2655, 2670, 2705, 3817], 'anti-sptlc1': [2658], '(BD': [2659], 'Biosciences)': [2660], 'antibody.': [2661], 'Total': [2662, 2978, 2991, 4118], 'homogenate': [2664, 2687], 'experiments.': [2671], 'homogenized': [2674, 2831], 'RIPA': [2676], 'buffer': [2677], '(Boston': [2678], 'BioProducts)': [2679], 'protease': [2681], 'inhibitors': [2682], '(Thermo': [2683, 2844], 'Scientific),': [2684], 'crude': [2685], 'centrifuged': [2688], '8,000': [2690], 'g,': [2691], 'resulting': [2694], 'supernatant': [2695], 'stored': [2696], '−80°C.': [2698], 'PVDF': [2700], 'anti-LC3B': [2707], '(Sigma-Aldrich);': [2708], 'nitrocellulose': [2709], 'cases.': [2716], 'Chemiluminescence': [2717], 'detection': [2718, 3037, 3819], 'analyzing': [2722, 2728], 'samples': [2723, 2729], 'SPT-adenovirus-injected': [2725], 'mice;': [2726], 'Atg7indKO,': [2731], 'Atg7LKO,': [2732], 'LI-COR': [2737], 'Odyssey': [2738], 'used.': [2741, 3772], 'plasma': [2744, 3971, 4085], 'homogenates': [2747], 'measured': [2749, 2838, 2861], 'high-performance': [2751], 'liquid': [2752], 'chromatography-tandem': [2753], 'mass': [2754, 2775], 'spectrometry': [2755, 3172, 3951], 'Lipidomics': [2758], 'Core': [2759], 'Medical': [2762], 'University': [2763], 'South': [2765], 'Carolina': [2766], 'Thermo': [2769], 'Finnigan': [2770], 'TSQ': [2771], '7000': [2772], 'triple': [2773], 'quadrupole': [2774], 'spectrometer,': [2776], 'operating': [2777], 'reaction': [2781], 'monitoring-positive': [2782], 'ionization': [2783], 'mode': [2784], '(47Pettus': [2787], 'B.J.': [2788], 'Bielawski': [2789], 'Porcelli': [2791], 'Reames': [2793], 'D.L.': [2794], 'Johnson': [2795], 'K.R.': [2796], 'Morrow': [2797], 'Chalfant': [2799], '1/sphingosine-1-phosphate': [2808], 'mediates': [2810], 'COX-2': [2811], 'PGE2': [2814], 'production': [2815], 'TNF-alpha.FASEB': [2819], '17:': [2822], '1411-1421Crossref': [2823], '(294)': [2826], 'PBS': [2833], 'BCA': [2841], 'assay': [2843], 'Scientific).': [2845], 'Lipids': [2846], 'extracted': [2848], 'chloroform/methanol': [2850], '(2:1),': [2851], 'dried': [2852], 'overnight,': [2853], 'resuspended': [2855], 'isopropanol.': [2857], 'Triglyceride': [2858], 'reagent': [2864], '(Pointe': [2865], 'Scientific,': [2866], 'Inc.).': [2867], 'perfused': [2870], '4%': [2872, 2920], 'paraformaldehyde.': [2873], 'Fixed': [2874], 'embedded': [2878, 2911], 'OCT': [2880, 2913], 'medium.': [2881, 2914], 'Oil': [2882], 'Red': [2883], 'O': [2884], '(ORO)': [2885], 'staining': [2886], 'Histoserv,': [2890], 'Inc.': [2891], 'Sections': [2892, 2915, 2927, 2968], 'examined': [2894, 2929, 2970], 'Leica': [2897], 'DMLB': [2898], 'microscope.': [2899], 'For': [2900, 2945], 'confocal': [2901, 2937], 'microscopy,': [2902, 2947], '8': [2903], 'μm-thick': [2904], 'sections': [2906], 'cut': [2908], 'fixed': [2917, 2951], 'again': [2918], 'paraformaldehyde': [2921, 2955], 'counterstained': [2923], "4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole": [2925], '(DAPI).': [2926], 'LSM': [2932], 'Live': [2934], 'Duoscan': [2935], '(Zeiss)': [2936], 'microscope': [2938, 2974], 'analyzed': [2940], 'Zen': [2942], '2009': [2943], 'software.': [2944], 'electron': [2946, 2973], '1%': [2953], 'glutaraldehyde/4%': [2954], '4°C': [2957], '24': [2959, 3974], 'h.': [2960], 'Further': [2961], 'processing': [2962], 'JFE': [2966], 'Enterprises.': [2967], '(Philips': [2975], 'EM': [2976], '410).': [2977], 'RNA': [2979, 2992], 'purified': [2984], 'RNeasy': [2987], 'mini': [2988], 'kit': [2989], '(Qiagen).': [2990], 'μg)': [2994], 'digested': [2997], 'DNase': [2999], 'I': [3000, 3732], 'reverse-transcribed': [3003], 'SuperScript': [3006], 'First-Strand': [3007], '(Invitrogen)': [3010], 'following': [3012], "manufacturer's": [3014], 'instructions.': [3015], 'Expression': [3016], 'mRNA': [3019, 3324], 'determined': [3021, 3266], 'predesigned': [3024], 'assay-on-demand': [3025], 'probes': [3026], '(Applied': [3029, 3039], 'Biosystems)': [3030], 'ABI': [3033], 'Prism': [3034], '7700': [3035], 'sequence': [3036], 'Biosystems).': [3040], 'Unpaired': [3041], "Student's": [3042], 't-tests': [3043], 'compare': [3047], 'between': [3049], 'different': [3050], 'groups.': [3051], 'P': [3052], '<': [3053], '0.05': [3054], 'considered': [3056], 'statistically': [3057, 4179], 'significant.': [3058], 'sought': [3060, 3496], 'inducible': [3073], 'Atg7,': [3076], 'formation.': [3082], 'these': [3084, 3476], 'autophagy-defective': [3085, 3165, 3193, 3229, 3291, 3313, 3332, 3379], '(Atg7-indKO,': [3087], 'having': [3088, 3449], 'Atglox/lox': [3091, 3452], 'Mx-cre),': [3092], 'deleted': [3097], 'tissues': [3100], 'adult': [3102], 'stimulation': [3108], 'recombinase': [3111, 3440], 'administration': [3114, 3977], 'quantified': [3160], '(Atg7-indKO)': [3166], '(Atg7lox/lox)': [3169], 'mice.': [3170], 'Mass': [3171, 3950], 'dihydroceramide,': [3182, 3217, 3961, 4150], 'sphingosine,': [3183, 3962], 'dihydrosphingosine,': [3184, 3963], 'S1P,': [3185, 3964, 4063], 'dihydro-S1P.': [3187], 'Compared': [3188], 'showed': [3195, 3935], 'significant': [3197, 4180], 'total': [3201, 3993], 'those': [3208, 3724], 'individual': [3211], 'species': [3213, 3986, 4100], '(Fig.': [3214, 3231, 3300, 3321, 3341, 3388, 3573, 3783, 3863, 3890, 3922, 3932, 4007, 4086, 4140, 4158], '1A).': [3215, 3232], 'Dihydrosphingosine,': [3216], 'These': [3233, 4027], 'indicate': [3235], 'major': [3240], 'limiting': [3243], 'investigate': [3252], 'SPT,': [3254, 3363], 'enzyme': [3256, 3549, 3591, 3700], 'initiates': [3258], 'biosynthesis,': [3262, 4039], 'increased,': [3264], 'Sptlc1': [3270, 3283, 3323, 3349, 3850], 'Sptlc2.': [3272], 'Immunoblot': [3273], 'demonstrated': [3275], 'substantial': [3277, 3470], 'Sptlc2': [3285], 'compared': [3293, 3315, 3334, 3381, 3883, 4113, 4203], '1B).': [3301], 'enzymatic': [3303, 3821, 3930], 'significantly': [3307, 4076], '1C).': [3322], '1D),': [3342], 'indicating': [3343, 4210], 'altered': [3345], 'transcriptional': [3346], 'regulation': [3347], 'did': [3350], 'activity.': [3356, 3822], 'Interestingly,': [3357], 'unlike': [3358], 'calnexin,': [3364], 'another': [3365, 3426], 'resident': [3366], 'ER,': [3370], '1B),': [3389], 'suggesting': [3390], 'autophagy-specific': [3392], 'effect': [3393, 3415], 'toward': [3394], 'SPT.': [3395], 'confirm': [3397], 'seen': [3404, 3460], 'secondary': [3411], 'extrahepatic': [3414], 'conducted': [3419], 'experiments': [3422], 'above': [3424], 'line': [3427], 'solely': [3432], 'liver-specific': [3433], '(Atg7LKO)': [3437], 'driven': [3441], 'albumen': [3444], 'promoter.': [3445], 'genotype,': [3451], 'albumen-Cre': [3453], 'recapitulated': [3454], '(supplementary': [3465, 4181], 'Fig.': [3466, 4182], 'I)': [3467], 'levels.': [3474], 'Collectively,': [3475], 'block': [3481], 'large': [3487, 3522, 4011], 'impact': [3488], 'positive': [3508], 'regulator': [3509], 'heterotrimer': [3518], 'consisting': [3519], 'two': [3521, 3798], '(SPTLC1': [3524], 'SPTLC2': [3526], 'its': [3528, 3906], 'functional': [3529, 3650], 'isoform': [3530], 'SPTLC3)': [3531], 'one': [3533], '(ssSPT': [3536], 'isoforms': [3537], 'b).': [3540], 'facilitate': [3542], 'contained': [3556], 'SPTLC1,': [3560], 'SPTLC2,': [3561], 'ssSPTa': [3563], 'single': [3566], 'in-frame': [3567], 'polypeptide': [3568], '(SPTLC2-ssSPTa-SPTLC1),': [3570], 'utilized': [3572], '2A).': [3574, 3784], 'protein,': [3577], 'had': [3579], 'similar': [3587], 'wild-type': [3590], '48Harmon': [3632], 'Bacikova': [3634, 3707], 'Sengupta': [3642], 'Somashekarappa': [3644], 'Topologi\xadcal': [3648], 'characterization': [3651], 'ssSPTs,': [3654], 'activating': [3656], '10144-10153Abstract': [3665], 'incorporated': [3677], '(fSPT-adenovirus).': [3681], 'point': [3683], 'inactivation': [3697], '(49Gable': [3701], 'Monaghan': [3705], 'Williams': [3711], 'Mutations': [3715], 'LCB1': [3719], 'LCB2': [3721], 'genes,': [3722], 'corresponding': [3725], 'hereditary': [3728], 'sensory': [3729], 'neuropathy': [3730], 'mutations,': [3733], 'dominantly': [3734], 'inactivate': [3735], '10194-10200Abstract': [3742], '(94)': [3750], '(Mut-fSPT-adenovirus).': [3760], 'second': [3762], 'no': [3766], '(null-adenovirus)': [3769], 'Intravenous': [3773], 'adenoviruses': [3777], 'liver-directed': [3781], 'evaluated': [3786], 'doses': [3799], '[low': [3802], 'dose:': [3803, 3811], 'plaque-forming': [3807], '(PFU)/mouse;': [3809], 'high': [3810, 4116, 4188], 'PFU/mouse]': [3815], 'Immunoblotting': [3823], 'antibody': [3828], 'SPTCL1,': [3830], 'reacts': [3832], 'endogenous': [3837, 3849], 'Sptlc1.': [3839], 'very': [3843], 'highly': [3844, 4193], 'relative': [3846], 'highest': [3859], 'dose': [3860, 4096, 4189], '2B).': [3864], 'Correspondingly,': [3865], 'level': [3867], '12-fold': [3872], 'higher': [3873], 'microsomes': [3876, 3886], 'isolated': [3877], 'fSPT-adenovirus-injected': [3881, 4171], 'control-adenovirus-injected': [3888], '2C).': [3891], 'At': [3892], 'low': [3894, 4095], 'dose,': [3895], 'readily': [3900], 'detectable': [3901], 'day': [3903, 3912, 3915, 3942, 3948, 4125, 4128], 'progressively': [3909], 'until': [3911], '10;': [3913], '14,': [3916], 'substantially': [3920, 3988], 'declined': [3921], '2D).': [3923], 'protein-expression': [3925], 'data': [3926], 'correlated': [3927], '2E),': [3933], '3-fold': [3937], 'over': [3939], '10': [3943], 'decline': [3946], '14.': [3949], 'dihydro-S1P': [3966], 'fSPT-adenovirus.': [3981], 'Most': [3982], 'treatment;': [3992], '2-fold': [3998], '3.5-fold': [4000], 'plasma,': [4005, 4163], 'respectively': [4006], '3A,': [4008, 4087], 'B).': [4009, 4088, 4142, 4160, 4184], 'observed': [4014, 4146], 'dihydrosphingosine': [4016, 4148], 'dihydroceramide': [4018], 'plasma.': [4026], 'sphingolipids': [4028], 'generated': [4030, 4066], 'during': [4031], 'initial': [4033], 'steps': [4034], 'before': [4040], 'concentrations': [4048], 'consistent': [4050, 4151], 'flux': [4053], 'pathway.': [4060], 'further': [4067], 'down': [4068], 'but': [4081], 'treated': [4092], 'fSPT-adenovirus,': [4098], 'albeit': [4108], 'lower': [4111], 'extent': [4112, 4135], 'dose.': [4117], '10,': [4129], 'approximately': [4132], '(19%': [4136], '22%,': [4138], 'respectively)': [4139], '4A,': [4141, 4159], 'Increases': [4143], 'increases': [4165], 'were,': [4173], 'most': [4176], 'part,': [4177], 'IIA,': [4183], 'Administration': [4185], 'produced': [4192], 'serum': [4195], 'alanine': [4198], 'aminotransferase': [4199, 4202], 'aspartate': [4201], 'treatment': [4205], 'adenovirus,': [4209], 'expressio': [4213]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2102799306', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-08T13:07:56.449922', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
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