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[124], 'sulfide': [125, 1649, 1832, 1919, 2113, 2146, 2177, 2228, 2267, 2309, 2375, 2413, 2477, 2741, 2779], '(H2S)': [126, 1650], 'is': [127, 156, 351, 369, 551, 627, 700, 831, 855, 908, 958, 976, 1025, 1080, 1498, 1739, 2114, 2147], 'widely': [128], 'known': [129, 629, 950, 1027], 'as': [130, 412, 491, 565, 621, 847, 940, 1039, 1557], 'a': [131, 352, 413, 818, 977, 1040, 1081, 1238, 1321, 1541, 1592, 1810], 'pungent': [132], 'toxic': [133], 'gaseous': [134, 1004, 1617], 'that': [135, 165, 433, 586, 630, 683, 696, 711, 783, 922, 948, 960, 972, 990, 1028, 1084, 1092, 1188, 1232, 1243, 1258, 1339, 1362, 1500, 1531, 1564, 1576, 1633], 'has': [136, 219, 237, 558, 660, 1085], 'plagued': [137], 'humanity': [138], 'in': [139, 179, 209, 291, 328, 383, 432, 457, 478, 530, 556, 644, 655, 688, 702, 719, 749, 796, 954, 969, 1017, 1033, 1078, 1153, 1193, 1196, 1198, 1310, 1328, 1349, 1381, 1438, 1468, 1473, 1507, 1525, 1529, 1543, 1559, 1652, 1751, 1803, 1808, 1833, 1889, 1931, 1969, 1990, 2000, 2235, 2269, 2346, 2381, 2414, 2420, 2487, 2523, 2564, 2620, 2648], 'various': [140, 1439], 'environmental': [141, 173], 'conditions': [142], 'for': [143, 267, 289, 673, 805, 821, 1144, 1406, 1569, 1589, 1626, 2448, 2562], 'centuries.': [144], 'However,': [145, 541, 650, 1073, 1136, 1597], 'H2S,': [146, 583, 2444, 2652], 'along': [147], 'with': [148, 532, 609, 693, 721, 724, 734, 936, 1247, 1358, 1591, 2596, 2780], 'nitric': [149, 1796, 1993, 2183, 2230, 2312], 'oxide': [150, 1994, 2184, 2231, 2313, 2328], '(NO)': [151], 'carbon': [153, 1798, 2353], 'monoxide': [154, 1799, 2343], '(CO),': [155], 'now': [157], 'recognized': [158], 'be': [160, 171, 177, 934, 952, 1245, 1505, 1567, 1587], 'an': [161, 172, 286, 416, 420, 1182, 1407, 2148], 'important': [162, 257, 287, 319, 892, 1164, 1408, 1568, 1630], 'biological': [163, 2270], 'gasotransmitter': [164], 'was': [166, 1229, 1280, 1308, 1336, 1346], 'previously': [167], 'believed': [168], 'simply': [170], 'toxin.1': [174], 'H2S': [175, 208, 229, 251, 265, 290, 326, 545, 555, 587, 602, 684, 777, 784, 860, 873, 927, 1009, 1077, 1099, 1110, 1145, 1152, 1213, 1318, 1327, 1364, 1377, 1426, 1434, 1486, 1547, 1565, 1602, 1667, 1670], 'can': [176, 603, 1111], 'produced': [178], 'mammalian': [181, 1835], 'body': [182], 'by': [183, 278, 298, 314, 357, 666, 775, 1157, 1211, 1218, 1282, 1317, 1485, 1676, 2089, 2304, 2483, 2525], '3': [184, 633], 'enzymes:': [185], 'cystathionine': [186, 189, 638, 848, 1643, 1879, 2739], 'γ-lyase': [187, 1644], '(CSE),': [188], 'β': [190, 639, 849], 'synthase,': [191, 1052], '3-mercaptopyruvate': [193, 852], 'sulfurtransferase': [194], 'from': [195, 1063, 1512], 'substrates': [197], 'cystathionine,': [198], 'homocysteine,': [199], 'cysteine,': [200], 'mercaptopyruvate.': [202], 'Recently,': [203], 'physiological': [205, 562], 'importance': [206, 226, 1138, 1374, 1520], 'cardiovascular': [211, 1805, 1836], 'system,': [212], 'particularly': [213], 'vascular': [214, 268, 354, 379, 389, 405, 424, 498, 865, 944, 1019, 1113, 1290, 1451, 1527, 1550, 1570, 1595, 1627, 1653, 2180, 2194], 'growth': [215, 301, 380, 391, 407, 426, 446, 452, 482, 486, 494, 714, 794, 946, 1691, 2196], 'inflammatory': [217, 981], 'regulation,': [218], 'been': [220, 238, 528, 661, 1015, 1086], 'recognized;': [221], 'however,': [222], 'information': [223, 898, 1166, 1632], 'on': [224, 561, 842, 1167, 1459, 1601, 2116, 2376], 'endogenous': [228, 250, 325, 421, 1140, 1376, 1915, 2149, 2307], 'synthesis': [230, 1142, 1581, 1624, 1999], 'pathways': [231, 619, 989, 1583, 2711], 'identification': [233], 'critical': [235], 'enzymes': [236, 845], 'less': [239], 'clear.2': [240], 'In': [241, 576, 1288, 2452], 'issue': [243], 'Circulation,': [245], '2': [246, 2569], 'complementary': [247], 'articles': [248], 'examining': [249], 'production': [252, 327, 512, 546, 1032, 1059, 1100, 1146, 1307, 1378, 1651, 1671, 1916], 'metabolism': [254, 548, 1175], 'functions': [255, 1020], 'provide': [256, 708, 896, 1163, 1401], 'insight': [258, 320, 2736], 'into': [259, 321], 'role': [261, 288, 323, 543, 652, 676, 820, 1075, 1169, 1322, 1409, 1614], 'CSE': [263, 636, 697, 747, 1093, 1171, 1192, 1219, 1259, 1311, 1324, 1354, 1380, 1466, 1545, 1656, 1700], 'bioavailability': [266, 921, 1435, 1548, 1585, 1603], 'pathophysiological': [269, 1481], 'responses': [270, 563, 1528], 'during': [271, 296, 549, 679, 823, 835, 883, 1022, 1103, 1147, 1264, 1333, 1397, 1412, 1510], 'preeclampsia': [272, 297, 368, 411, 550, 659, 694, 722, 806, 955, 1674], 'atherosclerosis.': [274, 1334], 'The': [275, 311, 663, 1003, 1562, 1619, 2107, 2296], 'first': [276], 'article': [277, 313, 1753], 'Wang': [279, 667, 810, 1843, 1863, 1912, 2097, 2141, 2258, 2369, 2390], 'et': [280, 668, 811, 1159], 'al3': [281], 'emphasizes': [282], 'emergence': [284], 'regulating': [292, 536, 1382, 1508, 1526, 2190], 'placental': [293, 300, 451, 485, 656, 704, 713, 765, 786, 864, 1690, 1887], 'vasculature': [294, 787, 1013, 1035, 1444], 'dysfunction': [295, 376, 474, 517], 'altering': [299], 'factor,': [302], 'soluble': [303, 307, 1678, 1684, 2083, 2086], 'Flt-1': [304, 2084], '(sFlt-1),': [305], 'endoglin': [308, 1685, 1963, 2047, 2087], '(sEng)': [309, 1686], 'levels.': [310], 'second': [312], 'Mani4': [315], 'colleagues': [317], 'provides': [318, 1629], 'modulating': [329, 1018, 1329, 1392], 'atherosclerosis,': [330, 1413], 'intimal': [331], 'proliferation,': [332, 1117], 'adhesion': [333, 338, 1343, 1725], 'molecule': [334, 1726], 'expression': [335, 699, 833, 915, 1065, 1094, 1345, 1394, 1467, 1646], '(eg,': [336, 613, 874], 'intercellular': [337, 1342, 1724], 'molecule-1),': [339], 'oxidative': [340, 572, 1262], 'stress,': [341], 'lipid': [343, 1174], 'metabolism.Articles': [344], 'see': [345], 'p': [346, 349], '2514': [347], '2523PreeclampsiaPreeclampsia': [350], 'pregnancy-related': [353], 'disorder': [355], 'characterized': [356], 'hypertension,': [358, 758], 'proteinuria,': [359], 'peripheral': [361], 'edema.': [362], 'Although': [363], 'exact': [365], 'cause': [366], 'unknown,': [370], 'possible': [371, 959, 1252, 1499], 'causes': [372, 410], 'include': [373], 'systemic': [374], 'endothelial': [375, 390, 406, 425, 473, 481, 501, 516, 614, 945, 1048, 2195, 2680], 'impaired': [378, 476, 1043], 'remodeling': [382, 2181], 'placenta.5': [385], 'Human': [386, 2820], 'placenta': [387], 'expresses': [388], 'factor': [392, 408, 453, 483, 487, 715, 947, 1692], 'its': [394, 1605, 2593], 'receptor': [395], '(flt-1).': [396], 'According': [397], 'angiogenic': [400, 580, 605], 'imbalance': [401], 'hypothesis,': [402], 'loss': [403], 'activity': [409, 505, 606, 748, 917, 1096, 2189], 'result': [414, 1041], 'elevation': [417, 759], 'sFlt-1,': [419], 'inhibitor': [422], 'factor.': [427], 'Evidence': [428], 'supports': [429], 'hypothesis': [431], 'maternal': [434, 472, 1884], 'circulating': [435, 712, 1966], 'levels': [436, 454, 464, 685, 716, 1268, 1276, 1300, 1421, 1687, 1694, 1704, 1713], 'sFlt-1': [438, 466, 537, 740, 761], 'sEng': [440, 468, 539], '(a': [441], 'cleavage': [442], 'product': [443], 'transforming': [445, 493], 'factor-β1)': [447], 'elevated': [449, 463], 'low': [456], 'women': [458, 692, 720], 'who': [459], 'develop': [460], 'preeclampsia.6': [461], 'Continuously': [462], 'ultimately': [469], 'lead': [470], 'angiogenesis': [477, 589, 2239], 'placenta.Vascular': [480], 'stimulate': [488], 'NO': [489, 523, 610, 615, 1031, 1051, 1055, 2442], 'production,7': [490], 'does': [492], 'factor-β1,': [495], 'maintain': [497, 863], 'tone': [499], 'function,8': [502], 'decreased': [504, 511, 1054, 1058, 1703], 'these': [507, 891, 963, 1513, 1536], 'mediators': [508, 965, 1005], 'leads': [509, 991, 1701], 'NO,': [514, 941, 1006], 'promoting': [515], 'compromised': [519], 'angiogenesis.': [520], 'Both': [521], 'NO/endothelial': [522], 'synthase': [524, 640, 850, 2185], 'CO': [526, 1061], 'have': [527, 813, 1014], 'implicated': [529, 1016], 'preeclampsia,': [531, 756, 824, 836], 'CO/heme': [533], 'oxygenase-1': [534, 1068], 'critically': [535], 'levels.9': [540], 'poorly': [552], 'understood.CSE': [553], 'PreeclampsiaH2S': [557], 'potent': [559], 'effects': [560, 841], 'such': [564, 620, 846, 939], 'angiogenesis,': [566], 'inflammation,': [567], 'vasodilation,': [568], 'modulation': [570], 'redox': [574, 1330, 2619], 'stress.': [575], 'regard': [577, 1250], 'effect': [581, 2110, 2372], 'evidence': [584, 710, 816], 'suggests': [585, 1575], 'promotes': [588, 1036], 'via': [590, 607, 1124, 1379], 'stimulating': [591], 'PI3K/Akt': [592], 'or': [593, 617, 658, 1049, 1395, 1584, 1663, 1761, 2446], 'mitogen-activated': [594, 1128], 'protein': [595, 1129, 1299], 'kinase/extracellular': [596, 1131], 'signal-regulated': [597, 1132], 'kinase': [598, 1130], 'signaling': [599, 728, 988, 1134, 1523, 2486], 'pathways.10,11': [600], 'Moreover,': [601], 'alter': [604], 'crosstalk': [608, 1502], 'through': [611, 1659, 2182, 2682], 'enzymatic': [612], 'synthase)': [616], 'nonenzymatic': [618], 'conversion': [622], 'nitrite': [624, 2187], 'NO.12,13It': [626], 'well': [628, 1026], 'among': [631], 'H2S-producing': [634], 'enzymes,': [635], 'present': [642], 'predominantly': [643], 'human': [645, 2001], 'intrauterine': [646], 'tissue': [647, 1425], 'placenta.': [649, 799], 'CSE/H2S': [654, 678, 727, 822, 1411, 1522, 1623], 'abnormalities': [657, 788, 1888], 'unclear.': [662], 'groundbreaking': [664], 'study': [665, 781, 907, 1156, 1370], 'al': [669, 812], 'lays': [670], 'foundation': [672, 1593], 'understanding': [674, 1517, 1932], 'preeclampsia.': [680, 930], 'They': [681], 'found': [682, 1257], 'reduced': [687, 701, 718, 834, 1064, 1102, 1302], 'plasma': [689, 1199, 1423, 2617], 'pregnant': [691, 750], 'enzyme': [698, 1141, 1393, 1582, 1657, 1878], 'preeclamptic': [703], 'tissue.': [705], 'Additionally,': [706, 1456], 'they': [707], 'clear': [709, 1402], 'associated': [723, 733], 'dysregulation': [725, 1029], 'pathway.': [729], 'These': [730, 800], 'findings': [731], 'CSE/H2S-mediated': [735], 'prevention': [736], 'release': [738, 1995, 2088], 'sEng.': [742], 'Importantly,': [743, 1109, 1215], 'animal': [744], 'studies': [745, 903, 1457, 1514, 1600], 'inhibiting': [746, 2526], 'mice': [751, 1194, 1236, 1356, 1360, 2524], 'recapitulated': [752], 'key': [753, 897], 'features': [754], 'including': [757], 'sEng,': [763], 'defective': [764], 'vascularization,': [766], 'arrest': [768], 'fetal': [770, 793], 'growth,': [771], 'which': [772, 1208, 1279, 1314, 1544, 1729], 'were': [773, 1101, 1209, 1301, 1315], 'reversed': [774, 1316], 'exogenous': [776, 1212, 1248, 1283, 1363], 'therapy.': [778, 1214, 1287], 'Thus,': [779, 905, 1368], 'shows': [782], 'rescues': [785], 'ameliorates': [790], 'hypertension': [791, 1216, 1885], 'restriction': [795], 'mouse': [798], 'discoveries': [801], 'open': [802], 'new': [803, 1165, 1631, 2713], 'possibilities': [804], 'diagnosis': [807], 'therapeutics.Although': [809], 'shown': [814, 1231], 'compelling': [815], 'crucial': [819], 'many': [825, 1414], 'questions': [826, 893, 1415], 'await': [827, 973], 'further': [828, 906, 974, 1337, 1574], 'study.': [829], 'Why': [830], 'CSE/CSE': [832], 'what': [838], 'alternative': [843], 'H2S-generating': [844], 'sulfurtransferase?': [853], 'What': [854, 1418], 'precise': [857], 'concentration': [858], 'needed': [861, 909, 1427, 1609], 'health,': [866], 'different': [869, 984, 1469, 1554], 'biochemical': [870, 1440], 'pools': [871, 2268], 'free,': [875], 'acid': [876], 'labile,': [877], 'bound': [879], 'sulfane': [880], 'sulfur)': [881], 'altered': [882], 'preeclampsia?': [884], 'Using': [885, 1181], 'analytical': [886], 'measurement': [887, 2263], 'techniques': [888], 'could': [889, 933, 966, 1244, 1634], 'address': [890], 'would': [895], 'necessary': [899, 1476], 'move': [901], 'therapeutic': [902, 1388, 1577, 1637], 'forward.14,15': [904], 'understand': [911, 1479, 1612], 'regulation': [913, 928, 1172, 1177, 1464, 2081, 2237], 'substrate': [920], 'may': [923, 1504, 1566, 1586], 'also': [924, 1230], 'contribute': [925, 1224], 'Finally,': [931, 1488], 'there': [932], 'interaction': [935], 'other': [937, 1965], 'factors': [938, 1968], 'CO,': [942, 1007], 'involved': [953, 1021, 1472, 1506], 'pathophysiology.': [956], 'It': [957, 1024, 1228, 1335], 'interactions': [961, 1794], 'between': [962], 'metabolic': [964], 'collectively': [967], 'participate': [968], 'pathological': [970, 1555], 'mechanisms': [971, 1143, 1503, 1607], 'investigation.AtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis': [975], 'chronic': [978], 'complex': [980], 'process': [982], 'involving': [983], 'cellular': [985], 'molecular': [987, 1253], 'fat': [993], 'accumulation,': [994], 'plaque': [995, 1071, 1122, 1732], 'formation,': [996], 'stenosis': [998], 'arterial': [1001], 'lumen.2': [1002], 'generated': [1010, 2647], 'within': [1011], 'atherogenesis.': [1023, 1227], 'atherosclerosis': [1037, 1079, 1179, 1265, 1474], 'formation': [1038, 1733], 'l-arginine': [1044], 'utilization,': [1045], 'inactivity': [1046], 'inducible': [1050], 'bioavailability.16': [1056], 'Similarly,': [1057], 'resulting': [1062], 'heme': [1067, 2090], 'stimulates': [1069, 2178, 2481], 'atherosclerotic': [1070, 1121, 1206, 1240, 1731, 2418], 'formation.17': [1072], 'novel': [1082, 1501, 1636, 2108], 'finding': [1083], 'explored': [1087], 'recently.': [1088], 'Past': [1089], 'research': [1090], 'suggested': [1091], 'subsequent': [1098], 'balloon-mediated': [1104], 'injury': [1105, 2522], 'neointima': [1107, 2379], 'development.18': [1108], 'inhibit': [1112], 'smooth': [1114, 1291, 1350], 'muscle': [1115, 1292, 1351], 'cell': [1116, 1293, 1470], 'neointimal': [1118], 'hyperplasia,': [1119], 'size': [1123], 'inhibition': [1125, 1662, 2678], 'kinase/caspase-3': [1133], 'pathway.19': [1135], 'atherogenesis': [1148], 'remained': [1149], 'unclear.CSE': [1150], 'AtherosclerosisIn': [1154], 'Mani': [1158, 1894], 'al,': [1160], 'authors': [1162, 1186, 1256, 1400], 'formation.': [1180], 'atherogenic': [1183, 1431], 'diet,': [1184], 'revealed': [1187], 'genetic': [1189, 1664], 'deficiency': [1190], 'resulted': [1195], 'increases': [1197], 'total': [1200], 'low-density': [1202], 'lipoprotein': [1203], 'cholesterol': [1204], 'lesions,': [1207], 'rectified': [1210], 'caused': [1217], 'mutation': [1220], 'did': [1221], 'not': [1222, 1755], 'significantly': [1223, 1347], 'enhanced': [1226], 'CSE–apolipoprotein': [1233], 'E': [1234, 2422], 'double-knockout': [1235], 'had': [1237], 'larger': [1239], 'lesion': [1241], 'area': [1242], 'attenuated': [1246, 1365], 'H2S.With': [1249], 'mechanisms,': [1254], 'knockout': [1260, 1312, 1355, 1698, 2423], 'augments': [1261], 'stress': [1263, 1331], '(ie,': [1266], 'lower': [1267], 'glutathione': [1270, 1294, 1297, 1706], 'superoxide': [1272, 1709], 'dismutase': [1273, 1710], 'higher': [1275], 'malondialdehyde),': [1278], 'corrected': [1281], 'antioxidant': [1284], 'N-acetyl': [1285], 'cysteine': [1286], 'addition,': [1289], 'peroxidase': [1295], 'reductase': [1298], 'reactive': [1304, 1715], 'oxygen': [1305, 1716], 'species': [1306, 1717], 'increased': [1309, 1348, 1712, 1720], 'mice,': [1313], 'therapy,': [1319], 'indicating': [1320], 'dependent': [1325, 2115, 2234], 'defense': [1332], 'observed': [1338], 'nuclear': [1340, 1721], 'factor-κB–mediated': [1341], 'molecule-1': [1344], 'cells': [1352], 'compared': [1357], 'WT': [1359], 'response.': [1367], 'clearly': [1371], 'identified': [1372], 'atherogenesis,': [1383], 'highlighting': [1384], 'possibility': [1386], 'approaches': [1389], 'aimed': [1390], 'at': [1391], 'function': [1396, 1462, 1573, 1658, 2681], 'atherosclerosis.Although': [1398], 'proof': [1403], 'concept': [1405], 'remain': [1416], 'unanswered.': [1417], 'guard': [1429], 'against': [1430], 'mechanisms?': [1432], 'Is': [1433], 'differentially': [1436], 'distributed': [1437], 'forms': [1441], 'throughout': [1442], 'itself,': [1445], 'thereby': [1446], 'rendering': [1447], 'regions': [1448], 'tree': [1452], 'susceptible': [1453], 'atherogenesis?': [1455], 'focused': [1458], 'determining': [1460], 'types': [1471], 'better': [1478, 1611], 'processes': [1482], 'affected': [1484], 'metabolism.': [1487], 'given': [1489], 'appreciation': [1492], 'H2S-NO': [1494], 'pathway': [1495, 1524, 2345], 'interactions,': [1496], 'it': [1497], 'inflammation': [1509], 'atherosclerosis.20ConclusionsResults': [1511], 'expand': [1515], 'our': [1516], 'diseases': [1530, 1590], 'primarily': [1532], 'involve': [1533], 'them.': [1534], 'Together,': [1535], 'results': [1537], 'begin': [1538], 'paint': [1540], 'picture': [1542], 'regulates': [1549], 'health': [1551, 1571], 'control': [1553], 'responses,': [1556], 'illustrated': [1558], 'Figure.': [1561], 'notion': [1563], 'attempts': [1578], 'modulate': [1580], 'beneficial': [1588], 'pathology.': [1596], 'additional': [1598], 'detailed': [1599], 'protective': [1606, 2710], 'mediator.': [1618], 'realization': [1620], 'paradigm': [1625], 'pathologies': [1628], 'reveal': [1635], 'approaches.Download': [1638], 'figureDownload': [1639], 'PowerPointFigure.': [1640], 'Role': [1641, 1985, 2410], '(CSE)': [1645], 'hydrogen': [1648, 1801, 1875, 1918, 2112, 2266, 2308, 2374, 2412, 2675, 2778], 'dysfunction.': [1654], 'Dysregulated': [1655], 'either': [1660], 'pharmacological': [1661], 'deletion': [1665], 'reduces': [1666], 'bioavailability.': [1668], 'Reduced': [1669], 'contributes': [1672, 1882, 2048], 'pathophysiology': [1675], 'increasing': [1677, 2311], 'fms-like': [1679], 'tyrosine': [1680], 'kinase-1': [1681], '(sFlt-1)': [1682], 'decreasing': [1689], '(PlGF)': [1693], '(right-side': [1695], 'pathway).': [1696], 'Gene-targeted': [1697], '(GSH)': [1707], '(SOD),': [1711], '(ROS),': [1718], 'factor-κB': [1722], '(NF-κB)–mediated': [1723], '(ICAM-1)': [1727], 'expression,': [1728], 'exacerbates': [1730], '(left-side': [1734], 'pathway).Source': [1735], 'FundingDr': [1737], 'recipient': [1741], 'National': [1743], 'Institutes': [1744], 'grant': [1747], 'HL113303.DisclosuresNone.FootnotesThe': [1748], 'opinions': [1749], 'expressed': [1750], 'necessarily': [1756], 'those': [1757], 'editors': [1760], 'American': [1764, 2804], 'Heart': [1765, 2200, 2317, 2744, 2805], 'Association.Correspondence': [1766], 'PhD,': [1771], 'Department': [1772], 'Pathology,': [1774], 'Health–Shreveport,': [1776], '1501': [1777], 'Kings': [1778], 'Hwy,': [1779], 'LA': [1781], '71130.': [1782], 'E-mail': [1783], '[email': [1784], 'protected]References1.': [1785], 'Li': [1786, 1896, 2398, 2462, 2464, 2466, 2501, 2505, 2728], 'L,': [1787, 1901, 2368, 2467], 'Hsu': [1788], 'A,': [1789, 1899, 1978, 2075, 2124, 2126, 2132, 2208, 2218, 2546, 2581, 2759], 'Moore': [1790, 2099], 'PK.': [1791], 'Actions': [1792], 'oxide,': [1797], 'sulphide': [1802], 'system': [1806], 'inflammation:': [1809], 'tale': [1811, 2438], 'three': [1813], 'gases!Pharmacol': [1814], 'Ther.': [1815], '2009;': [1816, 2159, 2428], '123:386–400.CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [1817], 'Scholar2.': 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