Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2100647687', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015034429715', 'title': None, 'display_name': None, 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2100647687', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015034429715', 'mag': '2100647687'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015034429715', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S54467454', 'display_name': 'International Environmental Agreements Politics Law and Economics', 'issn_l': '1567-9764', 'issn': ['1567-9764', '1573-1553'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053158328', 'display_name': 'Claudia Kemfert', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6742-0478'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129877168', 'display_name': 'Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033n9gh91', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129877168']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Claudia Kemfert', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['SPEED, Department of Economics, Oldenburg University, Oldenburg, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'SPEED, Department of Economics, Oldenburg University, Oldenburg, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I129877168']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5003917020', 'display_name': 'Richard S.J. Tol', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-3988'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159176309', 'display_name': 'Universität Hamburg', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00g30e956', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159176309']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I865915315', 'display_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I865915315']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74973139', 'display_name': 'Carnegie Mellon University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05x2bcf33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74973139']}], 'countries': ['DE', 'NL', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Richard S. J. Tol', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Integrated Study of the Human Dimensions of Global Change, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA (Author for correspondence: E-mail', 'Centre for Marine and Climate Studies, Hamburg University, Germany', 'Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Marine and Climate Studies, Hamburg University, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I159176309']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I865915315']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Integrated Study of the Human Dimensions of Global Change, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA (Author for correspondence: E-mail', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74973139']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 3, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 12.222, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 126, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.948486, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '2', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '23', 'last_page': '48'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10471', 'display_name': 'Economic Implications of Climate Change Policies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10471', 'display_name': 'Economic Implications of Climate Change Policies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12617', 'display_name': 'Rebound Effect on Energy Efficiency and Consumption', 'score': 0.9911, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2105', 'display_name': 'Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/21', 'display_name': 'Energy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11770', 'display_name': 'Impact of Infrastructure and Taxation on Economic Growth', 'score': 0.9907, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/inequity-aversion', 'display_name': 'Inequity aversion', 'score': 0.7930554}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/equity', 'display_name': 'Equity (law)', 'score': 0.55615073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/intergenerational-equity', 'display_name': 'Intergenerational equity', 'score': 0.5353703}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-pricing', 'display_name': 'Carbon Pricing', 'score': 0.486961}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-aversion', 'display_name': 'Risk aversion (psychology)', 'score': 0.48546913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/loss-aversion', 'display_name': 'Loss aversion', 'score': 0.48477238}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194959371', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17056235', 'display_name': 'Inequity aversion', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7930554}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.70390934}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199728807', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557', 'display_name': 'Equity (law)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.55615073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781133197', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502025', 'display_name': 'Intergenerational equity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5353703}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47737302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336', 'display_name': 'Greenhouse gas', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.529414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132651083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942', 'display_name': 'Climate change', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48551273}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129915516', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083550', 'display_name': 'Risk aversion (psychology)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.48546913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778174566', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2874240', 'display_name': 'Loss aversion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48477238}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100243477', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092', 'display_name': 'Welfare', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.482562}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100001284', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246', 'display_name': 'Public economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3976138}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45555294', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351', 'display_name': 'Inequality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.27229074}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2552958}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205706631', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2319304', 'display_name': 'Expected utility hypothesis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.16081649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66204764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416', 'display_name': 'Sustainability', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.12403399}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.094139665}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106159729', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553', 'display_name': 'Financial economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07424301}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C34447519', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522', 'display_name': 'Market economy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015034429715', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S54467454', 'display_name': 'International Environmental Agreements Politics Law and Economics', 'issn_l': '1567-9764', 'issn': ['1567-9764', '1573-1553'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 53, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1506643520', 'https://openalex.org/W1520609885', 'https://openalex.org/W1557230309', 'https://openalex.org/W1562824578', 'https://openalex.org/W1577187320', 'https://openalex.org/W1584737211', 'https://openalex.org/W1587057093', 'https://openalex.org/W1594708099', 'https://openalex.org/W1790824275', 'https://openalex.org/W1966392212', 'https://openalex.org/W1979186030', 'https://openalex.org/W1983502567', 'https://openalex.org/W1995977739', 'https://openalex.org/W1998010053', 'https://openalex.org/W1998225966', 'https://openalex.org/W2000112289', 'https://openalex.org/W2008438958', 'https://openalex.org/W2009526958', 'https://openalex.org/W2012706191', 'https://openalex.org/W2039808348', 'https://openalex.org/W2039904971', 'https://openalex.org/W2042127730', 'https://openalex.org/W2049127329', 'https://openalex.org/W2052201981', 'https://openalex.org/W2058827804', 'https://openalex.org/W2064324150', 'https://openalex.org/W2069210188', 'https://openalex.org/W2072234220', 'https://openalex.org/W2072421760', 'https://openalex.org/W2074940223', 'https://openalex.org/W2075915543', 'https://openalex.org/W2080126360', 'https://openalex.org/W2081381309', 'https://openalex.org/W2089789359', 'https://openalex.org/W2100613418', 'https://openalex.org/W2101679595', 'https://openalex.org/W2107577910', 'https://openalex.org/W2114084295', 'https://openalex.org/W2117314123', 'https://openalex.org/W2122327364', 'https://openalex.org/W2123151925', 'https://openalex.org/W2141934796', 'https://openalex.org/W2145475082', 'https://openalex.org/W2252291270', 'https://openalex.org/W2324990071', 'https://openalex.org/W2530680520', 'https://openalex.org/W296439414', 'https://openalex.org/W3021251753', 'https://openalex.org/W3022186538', 'https://openalex.org/W3121146265', 'https://openalex.org/W3123916998', 'https://openalex.org/W3124941786', 'https://openalex.org/W607047829'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4297141742', 'https://openalex.org/W3124431288', 'https://openalex.org/W3123323249', 'https://openalex.org/W3121865782', 'https://openalex.org/W2528314178', 'https://openalex.org/W2151987011', 'https://openalex.org/W2146750665', 'https://openalex.org/W2144766065', 'https://openalex.org/W2107566558', 'https://openalex.org/W1516920368'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2100647687', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-09T23:14:10.827850', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}