Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2099610549', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.9.1311', 'title': 'Effect of zinc bacitracin and salinomycin on intestinal microflora and performance of broilers', 'display_name': 'Effect of zinc bacitracin and salinomycin on intestinal microflora and performance of broilers', 'publication_year': 2000, 'publication_date': '2000-09-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2099610549', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.9.1311', 'mag': '2099610549', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11020077'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.9.1311', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S133896805', 'display_name': 'Poultry Science', 'issn_l': '0032-5791', 'issn': ['0032-5791', '1525-3171'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.9.1311', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111903248', 'display_name': 'Ricarda M. Engberg', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R.M. Engberg', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum,DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum,DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025969923', 'display_name': 'Mette Skou Hedemann', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1164-4405'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M.S. Hedemann', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum,DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum,DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064094077', 'display_name': 'Thomas D. Leser', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3799-7767'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T.D. Leser', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Danish Veterinary Laboratory, 27, Bü lowsvej, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Danish Veterinary Laboratory, 27, Bü lowsvej, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108653807', 'display_name': 'B. B. Jensen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'B.B. Jensen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum,DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum,DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2000, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2000, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2000, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2000, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 4.978, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 360, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.952984, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '79', 'issue': '9', 'first_page': '1311', 'last_page': '1319'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13791', 'display_name': 'Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3404', 'display_name': 'Small Animals'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/34', 'display_name': 'Veterinary'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13791', 'display_name': 'Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3404', 'display_name': 'Small Animals'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/34', 'display_name': 'Veterinary'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13128', 'display_name': 'Chromatography in Natural Products', 'score': 0.9971, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1602', 'display_name': 'Analytical Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11385', 'display_name': 'Natural product bioactivities and synthesis', 'score': 0.9914, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium-perfringens', 'display_name': 'Clostridium perfringens', 'score': 0.8992121}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/salinomycin', 'display_name': 'Salinomycin', 'score': 0.8901021}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/lactobacillus-salivarius', 'display_name': 'Lactobacillus salivarius', 'score': 0.7108716}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bacitracin', 'display_name': 'Bacitracin', 'score': 0.6633581}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium-butyricum', 'display_name': 'Clostridium butyricum', 'score': 0.5182457}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/caecum', 'display_name': 'Caecum', 'score': 0.44065943}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779116991', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309465', 'display_name': 'Clostridium perfringens', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8992121}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777877089', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411909', 'display_name': 'Salinomycin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8901021}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780289900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326301', 'display_name': 'Broiler', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8320079}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780795924', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3825336', 'display_name': 'Lactobacillus salivarius', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7108716}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775920511', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161249', 'display_name': 'Lactic acid', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6680932}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779860364', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61954719', 'display_name': 'Bacitracin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6633581}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170835558', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17153', 'display_name': 'Amylase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6467396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779697368', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380967', 'display_name': 'Lipase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.56079906}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777261523', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2622044', 'display_name': 'Clostridium butyricum', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5182457}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31903555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030', 'display_name': 'Food science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5059797}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780206646', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061596', 'display_name': 'Lactobacillus', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.49277595}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48563424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777226302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233345', 'display_name': 'Ileum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47981524}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781317952', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4878190', 'display_name': 'Caecum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44065943}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.40912306}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.40636128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C523546767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876', 'display_name': 'Bacteria', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.37455475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2412161}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C501593827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187', 'display_name': 'Antibiotics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1319843}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.08408731}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08399376}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.072509676}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100544194', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41760', 'display_name': 'Fermentation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.06938568}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000900', 'descriptor_name': 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001414', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacitracin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002645', 'descriptor_name': 'Chickens', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000254', 'qualifier_name': 'growth & development', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002645', 'descriptor_name': 'Chickens', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004064', 'descriptor_name': 'Digestive System', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011714', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyrans', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000681', 'descriptor_name': 'Amylases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000681', 'descriptor_name': 'Amylases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000900', 'descriptor_name': 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001414', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacitracin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002432', 'descriptor_name': 'Cecum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002432', 'descriptor_name': 'Cecum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002432', 'descriptor_name': 'Cecum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002645', 'descriptor_name': 'Chickens', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003016', 'descriptor_name': 'Clostridium perfringens', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003016', 'descriptor_name': 'Clostridium perfringens', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015169', 'descriptor_name': 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004064', 'descriptor_name': 'Digestive System', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004064', 'descriptor_name': 'Digestive System', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004386', 'descriptor_name': 'Duodenum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004386', 'descriptor_name': 'Duodenum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004386', 'descriptor_name': 'Duodenum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005895', 'descriptor_name': 'Gizzard, Avian', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005895', 'descriptor_name': 'Gizzard, Avian', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005895', 'descriptor_name': 'Gizzard, Avian', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006863', 'descriptor_name': 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007082', 'descriptor_name': 'Ileum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007082', 'descriptor_name': 'Ileum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007082', 'descriptor_name': 'Ileum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007583', 'descriptor_name': 'Jejunum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007583', 'descriptor_name': 'Jejunum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007583', 'descriptor_name': 'Jejunum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019344', 'descriptor_name': 'Lactic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019344', 'descriptor_name': 'Lactic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007778', 'descriptor_name': 'Lactobacillus', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007778', 'descriptor_name': 'Lactobacillus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008049', 'descriptor_name': 'Lipase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008049', 'descriptor_name': 'Lipase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010179', 'descriptor_name': 'Pancreas', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010179', 'descriptor_name': 'Pancreas', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000201', 'qualifier_name': 'enzymology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010179', 'descriptor_name': 'Pancreas', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011714', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyrans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012007', 'descriptor_name': 'Rectum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012007', 'descriptor_name': 'Rectum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012007', 'descriptor_name': 'Rectum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.9.1311', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S133896805', 'display_name': 'Poultry Science', 'issn_l': '0032-5791', 'issn': ['0032-5791', '1525-3171'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11020077', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.9.1311', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S133896805', 'display_name': 'Poultry Science', 'issn_l': '0032-5791', 'issn': ['0032-5791', '1525-3171'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 34, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1507022919', 'https://openalex.org/W1514055214', 'https://openalex.org/W1532116692', 'https://openalex.org/W1539316274', 'https://openalex.org/W1591061891', 'https://openalex.org/W1602874755', 'https://openalex.org/W1775749144', 'https://openalex.org/W184240314', 'https://openalex.org/W1947576986', 'https://openalex.org/W1973873001', 'https://openalex.org/W2018362568', 'https://openalex.org/W2026067851', 'https://openalex.org/W2027147105', 'https://openalex.org/W2029968421', 'https://openalex.org/W2030294505', 'https://openalex.org/W2038782292', 'https://openalex.org/W2044115980', 'https://openalex.org/W2049689959', 'https://openalex.org/W2072210951', 'https://openalex.org/W2073580491', 'https://openalex.org/W2079428045', 'https://openalex.org/W2091722550', 'https://openalex.org/W2101558615', 'https://openalex.org/W2119905737', 'https://openalex.org/W2137357314', 'https://openalex.org/W2156475459', 'https://openalex.org/W2156851375', 'https://openalex.org/W2157535069', 'https://openalex.org/W2159507239', 'https://openalex.org/W2162783822', 'https://openalex.org/W2785641412', 'https://openalex.org/W4233840719', 'https://openalex.org/W4290963850', 'https://openalex.org/W848928716'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4379800154', 'https://openalex.org/W4281386465', 'https://openalex.org/W3028597726', 'https://openalex.org/W2792190094', 'https://openalex.org/W2413529015', 'https://openalex.org/W2334975666', 'https://openalex.org/W2289708128', 'https://openalex.org/W2121337538', 'https://openalex.org/W2107450069', 'https://openalex.org/W2099610549'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'A': [0, 115], 'feeding': [1], 'experiment': [2], 'was': [3, 119, 178], 'carried': [4], 'out': [5], 'over': [6], '42': [7], 'd': [8], 'with': [9, 129, 155], 'four': [10, 43, 103], 'groups': [11], 'of': [12, 40, 53, 75, 83, 99, 107, 137, 147, 169, 191], 'broiler': [13, 186, 199], 'chickens': [14, 44], 'fed': [15], 'experimental': [16], 'diets': [17], 'formulated': [18], 'to': [19, 203, 213], 'provide': [20], 'no': [21], 'supplementation,': [22], '20': [23], 'mg': [24, 28], 'zinc': [25, 125, 158], 'bacitracin,': [26, 159], '60': [27], 'salinomycin,': [29], 'or': [30, 161, 208], 'both': [31], 'feed': [32], 'additives': [33], 'in': [34, 121, 127, 140, 151, 162, 165, 185, 198, 205], 'combination.': [35], 'During': [36], 'the': [37, 41, 51, 70, 73, 81, 105, 122, 135, 141, 145], 'fifth': [38], 'week': [39], 'experiment,': [42], 'from': [45, 102], 'each': [46], 'pen': [47], 'were': [48, 61, 78, 95, 113], 'killed,': [49], 'and': [50, 59, 64, 72, 80, 92, 111, 143, 149, 157], 'contents': [52], 'gizzard,': [54], 'duodenum,': [55], 'jejunum,': [56], 'ileum,': [57], 'ceca,': [58], 'rectum': [60], 'separately': [62], 'collected': [63], 'pooled.': [65], 'In': [66, 97], 'all': [67], 'intestinal': [68, 187], 'segments,': [69], 'pH': [71], 'concentration': [74], 'lactic': [76, 87, 181], 'acid': [77, 88, 182, 215], 'measured,': [79], 'numbers': [82, 190], 'anaerobic': [84], 'bacteria,': [85, 89], 'coliforms,': [86], 'lactobacilli,': [90], 'enterococci,': [91], 'Clostridium': [93], 'perfringens': [94, 171], 'counted.': [96], 'homogenates': [98], 'pancreas': [100, 152], 'obtained': [101], 'animals,': [104], 'activities': [106, 146], 'amylase,': [108], 'lipase,': [109], 'trypsin,': [110], 'chymotrypsin': [112], 'measured.': [114], 'significant': [116], 'growth-promoting': [117], 'effect': [118], 'observed': [120], 'group': [123], 'receiving': [124], 'bacitracin': [126, 132], 'combination': [128], 'salinomycin.': [130], 'Zinc': [131], 'significantly': [133, 166], 'reduced': [134], 'number': [136], 'coliform': [138], 'bacteria': [139], 'ileum': [142], 'increased': [144], 'amylase': [148], 'lipase': [150], 'homogenates.': [153], 'Supplementation': [154], 'salinomycin': [156], 'alone': [160], 'combination,': [163], 'resulted': [164], 'lower': [167], 'counts': [168], 'C.': [170], 'as': [172, 174], 'well': [173], 'Lactobacillus': [175], 'salivarius,': [176], 'which': [177], 'a': [179, 196], 'dominant': [180], 'bacterium': [183], 'found': [184], 'contents.': [188], 'High': [189], 'these': [192], 'lactobacilli': [193], 'may': [194], 'play': [195], 'role': [197], 'growth': [200], 'depression': [201], 'related': [202], 'competition': [204], 'nutrient': [206], 'uptake': [207], 'impaired': [209], 'fat': [210], 'absorption': [211], 'due': [212], 'bile': [214], 'deconjugation.': [216]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2099610549', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 21}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-12T21:31:30.030718', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}