Interferon-resistant Human Melanoma Cells Are Deficient in ISGF3 Components, STAT1, STAT2, and p48-ISGF3γ

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Lee H. Wong; Kenia G. Krauer; Irene Hatzinisiriou; Marie J. Estcourt; Peter Hersey; Nguyen Tam; Stephanie R. Edmondson; Rodney J. Devenish; Stephen J. Ralph
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3857, 3871, 3885, 3901, 3921, 3928, 3945, 3949, 3957, 3966, 3975, 3987, 3990, 4005, 4009, 4035, 4051, 4062, 4106, 4137, 4153, 4180, 4207, 4225, 4256, 4267, 4296, 4311, 4314, 4322, 4338, 4346, 4352, 4370, 4373, 4378, 4381, 4390, 4405, 4413, 4431, 4439, 4466, 4506, 4522, 4534, 4552, 4575, 4595, 4613, 4625, 4658, 4661, 4666, 4673, 4676, 4679, 4692, 4704, 4710, 4713, 4716, 4729, 4745, 4748, 4754, 4761, 4764, 4767, 4780, 4790, 4796, 4799, 4802, 4815, 4839, 4845, 4851, 4856, 4882, 4900, 4911, 4921, 4926, 4951, 4970, 5025, 5070, 5094, 5098, 5115, 5126, 5189, 5192, 5201, 5206, 5209, 5236, 5243, 5256, 5269, 5282, 5299, 5316, 5343, 5369, 5388, 5402, 5411, 5438, 5449, 5453, 5455, 5468, 5490, 5502, 5505, 5514, 5528, 5533, 5537, 5595, 5614, 5640, 5695, 5708, 5748, 5895, 5902, 5922, 5942, 6028, 6034], 'IFN': [3, 36, 50, 73, 110, 177, 221, 254, 268, 291, 328, 395, 767, 844, 975, 992, 1343, 1441, 1497, 1543, 1563, 1591, 3046, 3194, 3206, 3333, 3500, 4063, 4330, 4645, 4974, 5030, 5370, 5424, 5439, 5529, 5645, 5896, 5923, 5954], 'resistance': [4, 74, 222, 292, 2884, 3501, 5897, 5924], 'was': [5, 59, 114, 139, 149, 223, 277, 332, 357, 367, 1461, 1544, 2048, 2068, 2102, 2129, 2136, 2153, 2230, 2242, 2247, 2259, 2269, 2327, 2333, 2379, 2416, 2487, 2708, 2743, 2850, 2934, 3207, 3347, 3369, 3430, 3523, 3528, 3536, 3552, 3559, 3934, 3959, 4072, 4209, 4291, 4392, 4469, 4515, 4545, 4578, 4601, 4933, 5238], 'examined': [6, 224, 3370, 4366, 4836, 4859], 'in': [7, 19, 35, 41, 64, 81, 147, 154, 179, 188, 199, 225, 237, 253, 259, 282, 299, 365, 372, 397, 406, 417, 454, 711, 729, 826, 845, 855, 868, 900, 968, 976, 979, 990, 1005, 1020, 1074, 1126, 1174, 1180, 1217, 1257, 1323, 1438, 1561, 1592, 1599, 1613, 1633, 1656, 1742, 1904, 2183, 2316, 2424, 2481, 2534, 2603, 2637, 2669, 2762, 2963, 2998, 3031, 3045, 3048, 3062, 3083, 3198, 3244, 3275, 3349, 3361, 3412, 3428, 3432, 3482, 3507, 3515, 3589, 3596, 3689, 3741, 3750, 3756, 3787, 3861, 3925, 3942, 4011, 4056, 4141, 4177, 4211, 4228, 4269, 4285, 4288, 4387, 4408, 4417, 4455, 4471, 4481, 4536, 4580, 4592, 4653, 4733, 4740, 4819, 4828, 4860, 4928, 4954, 4973, 5036, 5073, 5079, 5102, 5130, 5143, 5169, 5180, 5233, 5241, 5252, 5279, 5292, 5319, 5323, 5361, 5376, 5380, 5394, 5417, 5465, 5471, 5526, 5592, 5697, 5712, 5742, 5754, 5845, 5898, 5912, 5925, 5945], 'three': [8, 122, 196, 226, 340, 414, 2280, 3051, 3238, 3351, 3365, 3664, 5148, 5171, 5349], 'long-term': [9, 227], 'cell': [10, 69, 126, 130, 166, 228, 287, 344, 348, 384, 1006, 1023, 1076, 1129, 1221, 1251, 1328, 1347, 1400, 1445, 1540, 1643, 1689, 2168, 2932, 3052, 3077, 3174, 3200, 3221, 3227, 3239, 3307, 3353, 3367, 3374, 3397, 3415, 3436, 3448, 3461, 3486, 3521, 3579, 3600, 3669, 3717, 3733, 3789, 4030, 4043, 4231, 4357, 4540, 5027, 5082, 5150, 5172, 5226, 5246, 5295, 5329, 5335, 5557, 5583, 5642, 5700, 5757, 5849], 'lines,': [11, 127, 229, 345, 3053, 4232], 'SK-MEL-28,': [12, 230, 1691, 3054, 3229, 3382, 3429, 3516, 3872, 4107, 4862], 'SK-MEL-3,': [13, 231, 1692, 3055, 3230, 3383, 3517, 3873, 4108], 'and': [14, 24, 57, 67, 99, 105, 128, 193, 232, 242, 275, 285, 317, 323, 346, 411, 450, 471, 498, 555, 562, 660, 707, 718, 722, 747, 772, 814, 879, 978, 1040, 1101, 1146, 1216, 1287, 1458, 1557, 1575, 1577, 1609, 1668, 1676, 1687, 1719, 1806, 1844, 1957, 1972, 1987, 2024, 2027, 2041, 2075, 2222, 2244, 2287, 2322, 2351, 2399, 2432, 2581, 2606, 2622, 2662, 2693, 2717, 2739, 2749, 2774, 2787, 2816, 3056, 3080, 3117, 3152, 3156, 3162, 3212, 3231, 3254, 3283, 3295, 3300, 3345, 3384, 3387, 3400, 3489, 3504, 3518, 3525, 3554, 3561, 3582, 3674, 3705, 3874, 3912, 3932, 3999, 4020, 4037, 4109, 4117, 4128, 4234, 4249, 4488, 4501, 4569, 4603, 4757, 4793, 4865, 4940, 5106, 5121, 5164, 5204, 5216, 5223, 5251, 5288, 5321, 5346, 5366, 5457, 5545, 5554, 5617, 5631, 5836, 5927, 5965, 5975, 6020], 'MM96,': [15, 233, 3057, 4235, 4260, 4834], 'exhibiting': [16, 234], 'significant': [17, 235, 1404, 3937, 5141, 5219, 5550], 'variation': [18, 236, 1256, 3044, 3749, 4386], 'responsiveness': [20, 178, 213, 238, 396, 431, 969, 1259, 1324, 1439, 1498, 1537, 3047, 3063, 4643, 4844, 5024, 5422, 5440, 5639], 'to': [21, 45, 116, 168, 216, 239, 263, 334, 386, 434, 506, 811, 816, 819, 912, 974, 1001, 1260, 1333, 1339, 1440, 1463, 1542, 1590, 1673, 1793, 1994, 2043, 2059, 2104, 2108, 2138, 2172, 2329, 2353, 2497, 2504, 2616, 2745, 2789, 2927, 3009, 3064, 3171, 3205, 3210, 3216, 3311, 3329, 3393, 3425, 3452, 3586, 3607, 3661, 3748, 3777, 3820, 3851, 3881, 4064, 4068, 4122, 4133, 4143, 4165, 4175, 4263, 4280, 4307, 4329, 4350, 4445, 4559, 4644, 4686, 4723, 4774, 4809, 4847, 4877, 4887, 4942, 5029, 5090, 5265, 5423, 5430, 5442, 5475, 5494, 5598, 5644, 5703, 5739, 5843, 5880, 5939, 5953, 6011, 6031], 'the': [22, 49, 84, 143, 155, 158, 163, 189, 240, 267, 302, 361, 373, 376, 381, 407, 557, 652, 658, 666, 763, 769, 812, 817, 846, 907, 913, 966, 991, 998, 1118, 1121, 1175, 1261, 1321, 1334, 1340, 1346, 1369, 1373, 1407, 1435, 1443, 1451, 1456, 1459, 1465, 1471, 1496, 1507, 1536, 1549, 1555, 1562, 1568, 1578, 1586, 1600, 1603, 1773, 2051, 2060, 2066, 2071, 2109, 2140, 2159, 2245, 2288, 2293, 2323, 2336, 2422, 2482, 2490, 2493, 2499, 2505, 2617, 2638, 2711, 2718, 2854, 2928, 2964, 2987, 2999, 3039, 3043, 3167, 3186, 3189, 3193, 3225, 3245, 3279, 3286, 3291, 3298, 3330, 3335, 3341, 3364, 3409, 3413, 3457, 3483, 3499, 3508, 3557, 3577, 3591, 3666, 3685, 3690, 3698, 3716, 3736, 3769, 3778, 3883, 3893, 3898, 3903, 3909, 3913, 3918, 3926, 3939, 3943, 3954, 3988, 4028, 4041, 4049, 4060, 4069, 4075, 4154, 4166, 4178, 4229, 4283, 4297, 4308, 4368, 4388, 4418, 4437, 4446, 4472, 4518, 4549, 4553, 4560, 4581, 4593, 4599, 4621, 4634, 4639, 4843, 4848, 4889, 4894, 4905, 4909, 4929, 4949, 4955, 4968, 5023, 5033, 5068, 5071, 5095, 5116, 5131, 5147, 5178, 5187, 5190, 5193, 5202, 5207, 5210, 5234, 5244, 5266, 5280, 5283, 5293, 5300, 5304, 5326, 5358, 5367, 5373, 5395, 5463, 5488, 5491, 5517, 5523, 5534, 5593, 5625, 5692, 5705, 5713, 5881, 5893, 5940, 5943, 6009, 6017, 6025, 6032], 'antiproliferative': [23, 241, 914, 1262, 3092, 4309, 5267, 5630], 'antiviral': [25, 181, 243, 399, 1288, 2817, 3118, 4849, 4854, 5632], 'effects': [26, 244, 915, 4850, 4855, 4898, 5268], 'type': [28, 51, 246, 269, 517, 765, 1002, 1374, 1569, 3331, 5074, 5132, 5270, 5599, 5747], 'I': [29, 52, 247, 270, 495, 518, 766, 1003, 1375, 1570, 3332, 5075, 5133, 5271, 5600], 'IFNs.': [30, 217, 248, 435, 5272], 'JAK-STAT': [32, 250], 'components': [33, 198, 251, 416, 520, 1560, 1579, 1604, 3191, 4053, 5208, 5350, 5470, 5498, 5914], 'involved': [34, 252, 5129], 'signal': [37, 255, 1564, 3195, 4975], 'transduction': [38, 256, 1565, 3196, 4976], 'were': [39, 257, 1631, 1647, 1740, 1757, 1781, 1798, 2039, 2165, 2170, 2278, 2290, 2312, 2475, 2528, 2594, 2751, 2785, 2840, 2961, 2991, 3007, 3033, 3066, 3088, 3145, 3159, 3214, 3272, 3281, 3309, 3376, 3584, 3654, 3709, 3727, 3744, 3765, 3815, 3846, 3877, 4102, 4120, 4131, 4159, 4244, 4252, 4277, 4304, 4327, 4331, 4365, 4415, 4433, 4508, 4681, 4718, 4769, 4804, 4858, 5139, 5166], 'analyzed': [40, 258, 3284, 3388, 3656, 3878, 4546], 'detail.': [42, 260], 'After': [43, 261, 2063], 'exposure': [44, 262], 'IFN,': [46, 264], 'activation': [47, 106, 265, 324, 661, 1176, 1558, 3187, 3336, 5145, 5205, 5513], 'receptor-linked': [53, 271], 'tyrosine': [54, 272, 514, 559, 650, 654, 663, 1553, 1572, 3246, 3249, 3338, 3342, 4963, 4971, 5037, 5077, 5118, 5194], 'kinases,': [55, 273, 560, 1573, 3250, 3293, 3343], 'JAK-1': [56, 274, 563, 1574, 3211, 3251, 3269, 3294, 3344, 5120, 5165], 'TYK-2,': [58, 276, 1576, 3296, 3346], 'detected': [60, 278, 3411, 3431, 3710, 4210, 4239, 4470, 4493, 4579, 4953, 5711], 'at': [61, 83, 279, 301, 1450, 2055, 2250, 2700, 2759, 2778, 2979, 5186, 5516], 'similar': [62, 280, 3313, 3424, 3721, 4003, 4349, 5746], 'levels': [63, 171, 281, 389, 1508, 1601, 3028, 3069, 3314, 3473, 3509, 3514, 3592, 3696, 3738, 3762, 3786, 3884, 3900, 3911, 3920, 3944, 3989, 4004, 4136, 4183, 4224, 4266, 4345, 4404, 4412, 4430, 4652, 4739, 4825, 5097, 5235, 5281, 5315, 5342, 5379, 5448, 5454, 5467], 'both': [65, 283, 3297, 5125, 5162], 'IFN-sensitive': [66, 119, 284, 337, 3414, 3434, 3691, 3894, 4042, 4520, 4623, 4861, 5222], 'IFN-resistant': [68, 124, 164, 200, 286, 342, 382, 418, 1398, 3396, 3484, 3578, 3609, 3668, 3742, 3914, 4029, 4057, 4230, 4419, 4473, 4635, 4829, 4863, 5080, 5181, 5245, 5294, 5328, 5334, 5381, 5403, 5472, 5492, 5553, 5698, 5714, 5846], 'types,': [70, 288], 'indicating': [71, 289, 3719], 'that': [72, 102, 142, 185, 290, 320, 360, 403, 510, 903, 1320, 1495, 1585, 2975, 3324, 3426, 3463, 3602, 3720, 3953, 3965, 3982, 3997, 4144, 4326, 4351, 4641, 5022, 5137, 5161, 5177, 5333, 5351, 5385, 5482, 5603, 5613, 5883, 5948, 5976], 'did': [75, 293], 'not': [76, 294, 1448, 3273, 3440, 3445, 3745, 3935, 4319, 4491], 'result': [77, 295, 1466, 4176], 'from': [78, 134, 296, 352, 894, 1009, 1397, 1406, 1470, 1596, 1649, 1670, 1949, 1961, 1975, 1984, 2032, 2389, 2627, 2888, 3219, 3224, 3305, 3378, 3798, 3830, 3868, 4104, 4126, 4146, 4246, 4274, 4301, 4360, 4476, 4485, 4498, 4517, 4528, 4583, 4620, 4664, 4702, 4751, 4787, 4893, 5111, 5260], 'a': [79, 150, 186, 206, 297, 368, 404, 424, 440, 700, 725, 803, 1254, 1597, 1610, 2056, 2227, 2317, 2406, 2440, 2599, 2604, 2722, 2755, 2882, 2980, 3259, 3496, 3505, 3531, 3545, 3564, 3677, 3824, 3855, 3862, 3970, 4292, 4334, 4384, 4462, 4606, 4690, 4727, 4734, 4778, 4813, 4820, 5017, 5092, 5230, 5408, 5500, 5587, 5745, 5888, 5899, 5905, 5918, 5979, 5982], 'deficiency': [80, 298, 1598, 1612, 3506, 4050, 4284, 5410, 5750, 5838, 5885, 5911], 'signaling': [82, 300, 3190], 'level': [85, 190, 303, 408, 1452, 1550, 3287, 3356, 3410, 3421, 3679, 3686, 3927, 3956, 3974, 4008, 4465, 4574, 4950, 5188, 5707], 'receptor-associated': [87, 305, 558, 1571, 5117], 'kinase': [88, 306, 4964, 5543], 'activation.': [89, 307, 5198], 'However,': [90, 308, 983, 4903, 5199, 5478], 'analysis': [91, 113, 309, 331, 891, 2356, 3184, 3469, 3799, 3831, 3948, 4665, 4703, 4753, 4789, 5298, 5532], 'ISGF3': [93, 148, 197, 311, 366, 415, 807, 2502, 4052, 4066, 4139, 4182, 4208, 4227, 4286, 5211, 5285, 5301, 5317, 5353, 5362, 5469, 5497, 5591, 5696, 5749, 5884, 5913], 'transcription': [94, 312, 669, 697, 821, 1178, 5212, 5389, 5515], 'factor': [95, 313, 670, 673, 698, 2503], 'components,': [96, 314, 4287, 5286], 'STAT1,': [97, 315, 3423, 3453, 3590, 3892, 4290, 5214, 5344, 5412], 'STAT2,': [98, 316, 3976, 5215], 'p48-ISGF3γ,': [100, 318, 802], 'revealed': [101, 319, 3477, 3996, 4967, 5136, 5218, 5312, 5636], 'their': [103, 321, 447, 501, 1258, 5144, 5197, 5506], 'expression': [104, 322, 1073, 1122, 1454, 1556, 2846, 2860, 3027, 3289, 3481, 3973, 3992, 4533, 4925, 5100, 5191, 5536, 5610], 'correlated': [107, 325, 1505, 5031], 'with': [108, 326, 801, 859, 1117, 1253, 1506, 1747, 1759, 1783, 1795, 1800, 1808, 2050, 2070, 2174, 2253, 2282, 2381, 2435, 2477, 2489, 2608, 2993, 3058, 3202, 3235, 3391, 3408, 3450, 3495, 3544, 3563, 3659, 3684, 3891, 4040, 4113, 4168, 4217, 4395, 4423, 4638, 4647, 4879, 4904, 5032, 5303, 5357, 5413, 5581, 5937], 'cellular': [109, 212, 327, 430, 1436, 1512, 3725, 3757, 4181, 4375, 4642, 4648, 5466, 5524, 5596], 'responsiveness.': [111, 329, 5371], 'extended': [115, 333, 5087], 'also': [117, 335, 3476, 3655, 4278, 5086, 5275], 'include': [118, 336, 5091], 'primary': [120, 338, 1198, 1618, 2053, 4323, 4458, 5103], 'melanocytes,': [121, 339], 'additional': [123, 341, 3667], 'melanoma': [125, 135, 202, 343, 353, 420, 851, 972, 1250, 1327, 1399, 1444, 1501, 1539, 1593, 1654, 1688, 3049, 3199, 3226, 3352, 3366, 3435, 3460, 3485, 3599, 3788, 4271, 4298, 4420, 4474, 4482, 4539, 4654, 4741, 4830, 5026, 5081, 5107, 5149, 5182, 5225, 5556, 5582, 5641, 5699, 5743], 'seven': [129, 347], 'cultures': [131, 349, 1644, 4105, 5255], 'recently': [132, 350, 4361, 5109, 5258], 'established': [133, 351, 1008, 1648, 4273, 4300, 4484, 4527, 5110, 5259], 'patient': [136, 354, 4275, 4302, 4363, 4529, 4584, 4596, 4626, 4655, 4742, 5112, 5262], 'biopsies.': [137, 355, 5113], 'It': [138, 356], 'consistently': [140, 358, 5239], 'observed': [141, 359, 3274, 3983, 4416, 4591, 5240, 5276, 5359, 5693], 'most': [144, 362, 3458, 5327], 'marked': [145, 363, 5231, 5374, 5409], 'difference': [146, 364, 1322, 1405, 3924, 3940], 'lack': [151, 369, 5368, 5694], 'STAT1': [153, 173, 192, 371, 391, 410, 706, 709, 771, 1608, 2849, 2856, 3030, 3358, 3405, 3471, 3479, 3594, 3681, 3688, 3740, 3758, 3764, 3776, 3805, 4055, 4268, 4347, 4414, 4432, 4444, 4467, 4479, 4535, 4558, 4576, 4587, 4631, 4649, 4671, 4759, 4824, 4840, 4866, 4927, 4952, 5099, 5237, 5377, 5414, 5450, 5837, 6018], 'resistant': [156, 374, 3024, 5264, 5952], 'versus': [157, 375], 'sensitive': [159, 377, 4876], 'cells.': [160, 378, 3277, 4958], 'Transfection': [161, 379, 2897, 5401], 'MM96': [165, 383, 1720, 2973, 3232, 3385, 3401, 3583, 3875, 3915, 3968, 4012, 4110, 4129, 4846, 4864, 4868, 4891, 4907, 4930, 4957, 5324, 5339, 5404], 'line': [167, 385, 3308, 3449, 3462], 'express': [169, 387, 5496], 'increased': [170, 388, 4915, 5421], 'protein': [174, 392, 727, 1997, 2236, 2265, 2273, 3292, 3316, 3359, 3406, 3682, 4348, 4376, 4480, 4507, 4577, 4632, 4962, 5378, 5542], 'partially': [175, 393], 'restored': [176, 394], 'an': [180, 398, 860, 2078, 2382, 2436, 2924, 3242, 3446, 4512, 5420, 5622], 'assay.': [182, 400], 'We': [183, 401, 1316, 1491, 1582, 5084, 6002], 'conclude': [184, 402, 5176], 'defect': [187, 405, 1460, 5179], 'possibly': [194, 412], 'all': [195, 413, 1754, 3350, 5170, 5242], 'human': [201, 419, 971, 1500, 1619, 4324, 4459, 5104], 'cells': [203, 421, 910, 973, 1043, 1103, 1149, 1182, 1200, 1502, 1594, 1756, 1780, 2496, 2533, 2900, 2960, 2974, 2986, 3386, 3503, 3692, 3743, 3876, 3896, 3907, 3916, 4058, 4111, 4130, 4148, 4158, 4214, 4219, 4248, 4257, 4272, 4299, 4382, 4391, 4421, 4475, 4483, 4526, 4624, 4831, 4869, 4892, 4932, 5108, 5183, 5396, 5418, 5473, 5493, 5715], 'may': [204, 422, 5444, 5886, 5915, 5933], 'be': [205, 423, 1449, 1464, 1504, 3587, 3608, 4238, 4492, 4590, 4943, 5398, 5476, 5887], 'general': [207, 425, 5890], 'phenomenon': [208, 426], 'responsible': [209, 427, 996, 3041], 'for': [210, 428, 446, 965, 997, 1622, 1772, 1789, 1941, 2131, 2149, 2307, 2319, 2429, 2589, 2697, 2721, 2781, 2848, 3011, 3021, 3042, 3073, 3143, 3157, 3285, 3542, 3729, 3775, 3782, 3817, 3848, 3984, 4161, 4443, 4450, 4557, 4564, 4605, 4683, 4720, 4771, 4806, 5462, 5590, 5624, 6007, 6016, 6024], 'reduced': [211, 429, 3678, 3737, 5314, 5706], 'melanomas': [215, 433, 5257, 5926], 'interferons': [437], '(IFNs)': [438], 'comprise': [439], 'family': [441], 'multifunctional': [443], 'polypeptides,': [444], 'recognized': [445], 'antiviral,': [448], 'antiproliferative,': [449], 'immunoregulatory': [451], 'functions': [452], '(reviewed': [453, 728, 825, 867], 'Refs.': [455, 730], '1Joklik': [456], 'W.K.': [457], 'Field': [458], 'B.N.': [459], 'Fundamental': [460], 'Virology.': [461], '2nd': [462], 'Ed.': [463], 'Raven': [464], 'Press,': [465], 'Ltd.,': [466], 'New': [467, 1683, 2634], 'York1991:': [468], '343-370Google': [469], 'Scholar': [470, 746], '2Kurzrock': [472], 'R.': [473, 681, 873, 882, 2512, 4086, 5801, 5959, 5968], 'Talpaz': [474, 874, 5960], 'M.': [475, 565, 604, 633, 780, 875, 1045, 1093, 1157, 1184, 1227, 1706, 1861, 1863, 2448, 2868, 2943, 5760, 5778, 5822, 5961], 'Gutterman': [476], 'J.U.': [477], 'Devita': [478], 'V.T.': [479], 'Hellman': [480], 'S.': [481, 540, 585, 637, 789, 1057, 1083, 1208, 1236, 1734, 1873, 2003, 2914, 4988, 5787, 5992], 'Rosenberg': [482], 'S.A.': [483, 778, 2872], 'Biologic': [484], 'Therapy': [485], 'Cancer.': [487], 'J.': [488, 525, 543, 567, 608, 621, 930, 952, 1137, 1187, 1275, 1526, 1707, 1865, 2012, 2358, 2804, 2873, 3105, 3622, 4192, 5571, 5658, 5730, 5763, 5804, 5861], 'B.': [489, 949, 1051, 1055, 1162, 1202], 'Lippincott,': [490], 'Philadelphia1991:': [491], '247-274Google': [492], 'Scholar).': [493, 648, 694, 761, 840, 888, 962, 1247, 1366, 1433, 1490, 1532, 2376, 2473, 2525, 2958, 3140, 4099, 4203, 5015, 5060, 5577, 5690, 5736, 5876, 6001], 'Type': [494, 1697], 'IFNs,': [496, 5601], 'IFN-α': [497, 1070], '-β,': [499], 'exert': [500], 'biological': [502, 5633], 'actions': [503], 'by': [504, 662, 1547, 1935, 2292, 2305, 2314, 2335, 2420, 2530, 2586, 2852, 2936, 3035, 3337, 3389, 3657, 3711, 3767, 3879, 4024, 4240, 4435, 4547, 4916, 4935, 5308, 5427, 5487], 'binding': [505, 1336, 1615, 2672, 2747, 3326, 4067, 5364], 'high-affinity': [507], 'cell-surface': [508], 'receptors': [509, 1344], 'stimulate': [511], 'phosphorylation': [512, 664, 3247, 3339, 4972, 5038, 5078], 'residues': [515], 'on': [516, 556, 1345, 1663, 2754, 3530, 4367, 5608, 5909], 'receptor': [519, 1071, 1335, 1376, 1472], '(3Platanias': [521], 'L.C.': [522, 538, 1030], 'Colamonici': [523, 541], 'O.R.': [524, 542], 'Biol.': [526, 544, 753, 1165, 1239, 1303, 1361, 1427, 2013, 2833, 3134, 3647, 4193, 5054, 5684, 5790, 5827, 5862], 'Chem.': [527, 545, 2014, 4194, 5863], '1992;': [528, 1034, 1166, 1279, 2808, 3109, 3626, 4990, 5008, 5662, 5808], '267:': [529], '24053-24057Abstract': [530], 'Full': [531, 549, 642, 1388, 1483, 2018, 4198, 5436, 5867, 5869], 'Text': [532, 550, 643, 1389, 1484, 2019, 4199, 5868, 5870], 'PDF': [533, 551, 644, 1390, 1485, 2020, 4200, 5871], 'PubMed': [534, 552, 598, 625, 690, 742, 757, 794, 836, 958, 1037, 1098, 1141, 1169, 1213, 1243, 1282, 1391, 1486, 1714, 1878, 2021, 2469, 2521, 2657, 2811, 2878, 2919, 2954, 3112, 3629, 4095, 4201, 4993, 5011, 5665, 5794, 5831, 5872, 5997], 'Google': [535, 553, 601, 628, 647, 693, 745, 760, 797, 839, 939, 961, 1038, 1063, 1099, 1113, 1144, 1170, 1196, 1214, 1246, 1285, 1308, 1394, 1432, 1489, 1531, 1717, 1881, 2022, 2349, 2472, 2524, 2660, 2814, 2838, 2879, 2922, 2957, 3115, 3139, 3632, 3652, 4098, 4202, 4996, 5014, 5059, 5576, 5668, 5689, 5735, 5772, 5797, 5813, 5834, 5875, 6000], 'Scholar,': [536, 602, 629, 940, 4997, 5669, 5773, 5814], '4Platanias': [537], 'Uddin': [539], '1994;': [546, 639, 739, 754, 833, 1060, 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3955, 4036, 5287, 5345, 5456], '113-kDa': [726], '9Darnell': [731], 'Science.': [738, 5007], '264:': [740], '1415-1421Crossref': [741], '(5163)': [744], '10Shuai': [748], 'K.': [749, 1049, 1151, 1420, 5001, 5047], 'Curr.': [750], 'Opin.': [751], '6:': [755, 935], '253-259Crossref': [756], '(102)': [759], 'During': [762], 'classical': [764], 'response,': [768], 'tyrosine-phosphorylated': [770, 1511, 3268, 5709], 'proteins': [774, 1513, 2289, 2326, 3218, 3726, 5710], 'form': [775, 5387], 'heterodimers': [776], '(11Qureshi': [777], 'Salditt-Georgieff': [779], 'Proc.': [784, 1868, 2909, 4983, 5987], 'Natl.': [785, 1276, 1708, 1869, 2805, 2910, 3106, 3623, 4984, 5659], 'Acad.': [786, 1870, 2911, 4985, 5989], 'Sci.': [787, 1871, 2912, 4986, 5990], 'U.': [788, 1872, 2913, 4987, 5991], '1995;': [791, 1528, 5573, 5732], '92:': [792], '3829-3833Crossref': [793], '(205)': [796], 'Scholar),': [798, 1197, 1215, 1718, 2023, 2880, 2923, 5835], 'which': [799, 4885, 5127, 5406, 5635], 'DNA-binding': 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[886, 5972], '53-76Google': [887, 5973], 'In': [889, 1248, 1367, 1533, 1753, 5016, 5061, 5156, 5228, 5737], 'addition,': [890, 1249, 1368, 5157], 'results': [893, 3322, 3492, 5159, 5620, 5932], 'studies': [895, 985, 4960], 'using': [896, 2077, 2093, 2405, 3091, 4074, 4961, 5629], 'tumor': [897, 1011, 5983], 'colony-forming': [898], 'assays': [899, 2818, 3119], 'vitro': [901, 977], 'suggests': [902], '50%': [905, 1902, 2235, 2264, 3074, 3081], 'tumors': [908], 'contain': [909, 3312, 5340], 'nonresponsive': [911], 'IFNs': [917, 1004, 1312, 5944, 5977], '(14Schiller': [918], 'J.H.': [919, 1724], 'Willson': [920], 'J.K.H.': [921], 'Bittner': [922], 'Wolberg': [924], 'W.H.': [925], 'Hawkins': [926], 'M.J.': [927, 1413, 1418, 1519, 2007, 4978, 5040, 5045, 5564, 5723], 'Borden': [928, 5857], 'E.C.': [929, 5858], 'Interferon': [931, 1188, 5764, 5805], 'Cytokine': [932, 1189, 5765, 5806], 'Res.': [933, 1109, 1190, 2465, 2950, 5766, 5807], '1986;': [934, 1095], '615-625Crossref': [936], '(37)': 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2825, 3101, 3126, 3618, 3639, 5050, 5569, 5654, 5676, 5728], 'R.J.': [1272, 1296, 1424, 1525, 2801, 2826, 3102, 3127, 3619, 3640, 5051, 5570, 5655, 5677, 5729], 'Linnane': [1273, 1297, 1357, 1421, 2802, 2827, 3103, 3128, 3620, 3641, 5048, 5656, 5678], 'A.W.': [1274, 1298, 1358, 1422, 2803, 2828, 3104, 3129, 3621, 3642, 5049, 5657, 5679], 'Inst.': [1278, 1710, 2807, 3108, 3625, 5661], '1185-1190Crossref': [1281, 2810, 3111, 3628, 5664], '(136)': [1284, 2813, 3114, 3631, 5667], '(26Wines': [1289, 2819, 3120], 'B.D.': [1290, 1517, 2820, 3121, 3634, 5562, 5671, 5721], 'Choe': [1291, 2821, 3122, 3635, 5672], 'C.C.': [1292, 2822, 3123, 3636, 5673], 'Hatzinisiriou': [1293, 1522, 2823, 3124, 3637, 5567, 5674, 5726], 'Ralph': [1299, 1414, 2829, 3130, 3643, 5041, 5680], 'S.J.': [1300, 1415, 1515, 2830, 3131, 3644, 5042, 5560, 5681, 5719], 'Biochem.': [1301, 1359, 1425, 2343, 2653, 2831, 3132, 3645, 5052, 5682], 'Int.': [1304, 1362, 1428, 2834, 3135, 3648, 5055, 5685], '31:': [1306, 2836, 3137, 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'283-288PubMed': [1431, 5058], 'Thus,': [1434, 3166, 3442, 3735, 4027, 5174, 5578, 5904], 'could': [1447, 1503, 4236, 4490, 4588], 'receptor,': [1457, 3334], 'likely': [1462], 'events': [1468], 'downstream': [1469], 'IFN-induced': [1510, 5076, 5535], '(30Ralph': [1514, 5559, 5718], 'Wines': [1516, 5561, 5720], 'Payne': [1518, 5563, 5722], 'Grubb': [1520, 5565, 5724], 'Immunol.': [1527, 5572, 5731], '154:': [1529, 5574, 5733], '2248-2256PubMed': [1530, 5575, 5734], 'this': [1534, 5062, 5386], 'study,': [1535, 5019], 'further': [1545, 2723, 5066, 5446], 'investigated': [1546, 5067], 'analyzing': [1548], 'IFN-α2-stimulated': [1552], 'pathway,': [1566, 5135], 'ISGF3.': [1581], 'present': [1583, 3595, 4407, 5318], 'evidence': [1584], 'loss': [1587, 5501], 'sensitivity': [1589, 5429], 'arises': [1595], 'ISGF3,': [1606], 'particularly': [1607, 4054, 5322], 'resulting': [1611], 'activity.': [1616], 'M533,': [1617], 'melanocytes': [1620, 4325, 4343, 4460, 4687, 4724, 4775, 4810, 5105], '(Center': [1621], 'Hormone': [1623], 'Research,': [1624, 1943], 'Royal': [1625], "Children's": [1626], 'Hospital,': [1627, 1681, 2894], 'Parkville,': [1628], 'Victoria,': [1629, 1944, 2035], 'Australia)': [1630, 1686], 'maintained': [1632], 'MGM2': [1634], 'melanocyte': [1635], 'basal': [1636], 'medium': [1637, 1745, 2995], '(Clonetics': [1638], 'Corp.,': [1639, 1989], 'San': [1640, 1770], 'Diego).': [1641], 'Melanoma': [1642], '(patient': [1645], '1–7)': [1646], 'fresh': [1650], 'surgical': [1651], 'biopsies': [1652, 4276, 4303, 4364, 5263], 'metastases': [1655], 'regional': [1657], 'lymph': [1658], 'nodes': [1659], '(American': [1660, 1696], 'Joint': [1661], 'Committee': [1662], 'stage': [1665], 'III': [1666], 'melanoma)': [1667], 'used': [1669, 1889, 1930, 2103, 2130, 2270, 3215], 'passages': [1671], '2': [1672, 2299, 2609, 2728, 2775, 3888, 3961, 3994, 4015], '15': [1674], '(Immunology': [1675], 'Oncology': [1677], 'Unit,': [1678], 'John': [1679], 'Hunter': [1680], 'Newcastle,': [1682], 'South': [1684], 'Wales,': [1685], 'HT-144,': [1693, 3672], 'SK-MEL-1,': [1694, 3675], 'Hs294T': [1695, 3438], 'Culture': [1698], 'Collection,': [1699], 'Rockville,': [1700], 'MD),': [1701], 'Li-Br': [1702], '(31Coates': [1703], 'A.S.': [1704], 'Crawford': [1705], '1977;': [1711], '59:': [1712], '1325-1329Crossref': [1713], '(17)': [1716], '(32Whitehead': [1721], 'R.H.': [1722], 'Little': [1723], 'Mc': [1725], 'Govern': [1726], 'V.J.': [1727], 'Russell': [1728], 'Pigment': [1730], 'Cell,': [1731], 'Vol.': [1732], '1.': [1733], 'Karger,': [1735], 'Basel,': [1736], 'Switzerland1973:': [1737], '382-389Google': [1738], 'grown': [1741, 2962], 'RPMI': [1743], '1640': [1744], 'supplemented': [1746], '10%': [1748, 1920, 2568], 'inactivated': [1749], 'fetal': [1750], 'calf': [1751], 'serum.': [1752], 'experiments,': [1755, 4155], 'stimulated': [1758], 'either': [1760, 1809, 2178, 5486], '1000': [1761, 1784], 'IU/ml': [1762, 1785, 3147, 3150, 3154, 4316], 'IFN-α2': [1763, 2491, 3065, 3071, 3328, 4169, 5154], '(Hoffman-La': [1764], 'Roche)': [1765], 'IFN-β': [1767, 4312, 4857, 4880, 4912], '(Berlex': [1768], 'Biosciences,': [1769], 'Francisco)': [1771], 'indicated': [1774, 3952], 'time': [1775, 4608], 'periods.': [1776], 'For': [1777, 2703, 4151, 4510], 'IFN-γ': [1778, 1786, 2478], 'priming,': [1779], 'pretreated': [1782], '(Amersham': [1787], 'Corp.)': [1788], '16': [1790, 4162], 'h': [1791, 3013, 4163], 'prior': [1792, 4164], 'stimulation': [1794, 4167], 'IFN-α2.': [1796, 3236], 'Cells': [1797, 2474, 3006], 'washed': [1799, 2279, 3553], 'ice-cold': [1801, 1810], '1': [1802, 1811, 1830, 1833, 1837, 1884, 2187, 2200, 2203, 2212, 2216, 2283, 2570, 2574, 2670, 2682, 4614], '×': [1803, 1812, 1885, 2188, 2284, 2300, 2671, 2764, 2984], 'phosphate-buffered': [1804], 'saline': [1805], 'lysed': [1807], 'modified': [1813], 'RIPA': [1814], 'buffer': [1815, 1912, 2191, 2286, 2303, 2536, 2673], '(150': [1816, 2192], 'mm': [1817, 1820, 1831, 1834, 1838, 1914, 2193, 2196, 2201, 2204, 2213, 2485, 2538, 2543, 2548, 2551, 2554, 2557, 2560, 2563, 2571, 2575, 2675, 2678, 2683, 2686, 2691, 2776], 'NaCl,': [1818, 2194, 2544], '50': [1819, 2232, 2261], 'Tris-HCl,': [1821, 1915, 2197, 2768], 'pH': [1822, 1916, 2198, 2540, 2680, 2769], '7.5,': [1823], '0.25%': [1824, 2736, 2740], 'sodium': [1825, 1835, 2214, 2572], 'deoxycholate,': [1826], '0.1%': [1827, 2565], 'Nonidet': [1828, 2210, 2566, 2695], 'P-40,': [1829, 2211, 2567], 'NaF,': [1832, 2561], 'orthovanadate,': [1836, 2215, 2573], 'phenylmethylsulfonyl': [1839, 2576], 'fluoride,': [1840, 2218, 2577], '10': [1841, 1845, 2195, 2219, 2223, 2484, 2542, 2547, 2559, 2578, 2582, 2715, 2724, 4918], 'μg/ml': [1842, 1846, 2220, 2224, 2579, 2583, 3003], 'aprotinin,': [1843, 2221, 2580], 'leupeptin)': [1847, 2584], '(33Luttrell': [1848], 'D.K.': [1849], 'Lee': [1850], 'Lansing': [1852], 'T.J.': [1853], 'Crosby': [1854], 'R.M.': [1855], 'Jung': [1856], 'K.D.': [1857], 'Willard': [1858], 'Luther': [1860], 'Rodriguez': [1862], 'Berman': [1864], 'Gilmer': [1866], 'T.M.': [1867], '91:': [1876], '83-87Crossref': [1877], '(267)': [1880], 'PAGE': [1886], '1The': [1887], 'abbreviations': [1888], 'are:': [1890], 'PAGE,': [1891], 'polyacrylamide': [1892, 2757], 'gel': [1893, 1897, 2758], 'electrophoresis;': [1894], 'EMSA,': [1895], 'enhanced': [1896, 2079], 'mobility': [1898], 'shift': [1899], 'assay;': [1900], 'CPE50,': [1901], 'reduction': [1903, 3082, 5072, 5232, 5375, 5464], 'viral-mediated': [1905, 3084, 5431], 'cytopathic': [1906, 3085, 4897, 5432], 'effect;': [1907], 'ISG,': [1908], 'gene.': [1910], 'sample': [1911, 2302, 3751, 4514, 4582, 4594, 4619], '(125': [1913], '6.8,': [1917], '1%': [1918, 2206, 3532], 'SDS,': [1919], 'glycerol,': [1921, 2569, 2735], '0.0125': [1922], 'mg/ml': [1923], 'bromphenol': [1924, 2737], 'blue,': [1925, 2738], '0.35': [1926], 'm': [1927, 2767], 'β-mercaptoethanol).': [1928], 'Antibodies': [1929, 3209], 'included': [1931, 4332], 'anti-JAK-1': [1932], 'antiserum': [1933, 1983, 2707, 3660, 4397, 6010], 'provided': [1934], 'Dr': [1936], 'Andrew': [1937, 6005], '(Ludwig': [1939], 'Institute': [1940], 'Australia),': [1945], 'anti-phosphotyrosine': [1946, 1968], 'antibody': [1947, 1969, 1993, 2031, 2054, 2074, 2229, 2258], '4G10': [1948], 'Upstate': [1950], 'Biotechnology': [1951, 1964], '(New': [1952], 'York),': [1953], 'anti-TYK-2,': [1954], 'anti-STAT1': [1955], 'supershift,': [1956], 'anti-p48-ISGF3γ': [1958], 'supershift': [1959, 2706], 'antisera': [1960, 1974, 3392], 'Santa': [1962], 'Cruz': [1963], '(Santa': [1965], 'Cruz,': [1966], 'CA),': [1967], 'PY20,': [1970], 'anti-STAT1,': [1971], 'anti-STAT2': [1973], 'Transduction': [1976], 'Laboratories': [1977], '(Lexington,': [1978], 'KY),': [1979], 'anti-glyceraldehyde': [1980], 'dehydrogenase': [1981], '(GAPDH)': [1982], 'Accurate': [1985], 'Chemicals': [1986], 'Scientific': [1988], '(Westbury,': [1990], 'NY),': [1991], 'AC88': [1992], '90-kDa': [1995], 'heat-shock': [1996], '(HSP': [1998], '90)': [1999], '(34Sanchez': [2000], 'E.R.': [2001], 'Meshinchi': [2002], 'Tienrungroj': [2004], 'W.': [2005, 2649, 2864], 'Schlesinger': [2006], 'Toft': [2008], 'D.O.': [2009], 'Pratt': [2010], 'W.B.': [2011], '1987;': [2015, 2344], '262:': [2016], '6986-6991Abstract': [2017], 'sheep': [2025], 'anti-mouse': [2026], 'anti-rabbit': [2028], 'horseradish': [2029], 'peroxidase-conjugated': [2030], 'Silenus': [2033], '(Hawthorn,': [2034], 'Australia).': [2036, 2413], 'Cell': [2037, 2526, 3865, 4100], 'lysates': [2038, 2169, 3222, 3375, 3866, 4101, 4243, 4358], 'prepared': [2040, 2404, 2529, 3223, 3304, 3377, 3867, 4103, 4125, 4145, 4245, 4359, 4516], 'subjected': [2042, 2171, 2328, 2352, 4121], 'Western': [2044], 'blots.': [2045], 'blot': [2047, 2067, 2355, 2378, 2415, 3558, 4600], 'incubated': [2049, 2069, 2248, 2476, 2607, 4112], 'relevant': [2052, 2072], 'dilution': [2057], 'according': [2058], "manufacturer's": [2061], 'instruction.': [2062], 'stringent': [2064], 'washing,': [2065], 'secondary': [2073], 'developed': [2076, 4602], 'chemiluminescence': [2080, 2111], 'kit': [2081, 2410], '(Boehringer': [2082], 'Mannheim).': [2083], 'An': [2084, 2845, 5297], 'HP': [2085], 'Scan': [2086], 'Jet': [2087], 'IIcx/T': [2088], '(Hewlett': [2089], 'Packard)': [2090], 'densitometer': [2091], 'calibrated': [2092], 'Kodak': [2094], 'optical': [2095, 2120, 2146, 2163], 'density': [2096, 2147, 2981], '(0.0–2.0': [2097], 'units)': [2098], 'standard': [2099, 4076], 'test': [2100], 'strips': [2101], 'scan': [2105], 'autoradiographs': [2106], 'exposed': [2107, 2788, 4604], 'immunoblot': [2110, 3950], 'signal.': [2112], 'MCID-M4': [2114], '(version': [2115], '3,': [2116], 'Rev': [2117], '1.3)': [2118], 'microcomputer': [2119], 'imaging': [2121], '(Imaging': [2123], 'Research': [2124], 'Inc.,': [2125], 'St.': [2126], 'Catherines,': [2127], 'Ontario)': [2128], 'quantitation.': [2132], 'auto-contouring': [2134], 'function': [2135], 'applied': [2137], 'quantitate': [2139], 'relative': [2141, 2160, 3761, 3819, 3850, 4262, 4429, 4532, 4685, 4722, 4773, 4808, 5096], 'densities': [2142, 2164], 'bands.': [2144], 'value': [2148, 3791, 3794, 3825, 3856, 4657, 4660, 4691, 4728, 4744, 4747, 4779, 4814], 'each': [2150, 2746, 3306, 3362, 3730, 4409], 'band': [2151], 'obtained': [2152, 3774, 3781, 4442, 4449, 4556, 4563, 5628], 'background': [2154], 'subtracted': [2155], 'before': [2156, 2492, 2989, 3014], 'comparisons': [2157], 'ratios': [2161, 4551], 'determined.': [2166, 5477], 'Total': [2167, 3373, 4356], 'immunoprecipitation': [2173], '1–5': [2175], 'μg': [2176, 2664, 3527], 'polyclonal': [2179, 2257], 'monoclonal': [2181, 2228], 'antibodies': [2182], '500': [2184, 4524], 'μl': [2185, 2233, 2262, 2297, 2729], 'IP': [2189, 2285], '(immunoprecipitation)': [2190], '7.4,': [2199, 2541, 2681], 'EDTA,': [2202, 2555], 'EGTA,': [2205, 2552, 2687], 'Triton': [2207], 'X-100,': [2208], '0.5%': [2209], 'mmphenylmethylsulfonyl': [2217], 'leupeptin).': [2225], 'If': [2226], 'used,': [2231, 2260], 'G-Sepharose': [2237], 'suspension': [2238, 2267], '(Pharmacia': [2239], 'Biotech': [2240], 'Inc.)': [2241], 'added,': [2243], 'mixture': [2246, 2713], 'overnight': [2249], '4': [2251, 2663, 2779, 3002, 3978, 5249], '°C': [2252, 2426, 2780], 'constant': [2254], 'agitation.': [2255], 'When': [2256, 3278], 'A-Sepharose': [2266], '(Pharmacia)': [2268], 'instead': [2271, 4377, 4612], 'G-Sepharose.': [2274], 'immunoprecipitated': [2276], 'complexes': [2277], 'times': [2281, 3962, 3979, 4016, 4919, 4946], 'eluted': [2291], 'addition': [2294, 3015, 5738], '60': [2296], 'SDS-PAGE': [2301], 'followed': [2304, 2585], 'boiling': [2306], '5': [2308, 2320, 2600, 2983, 4489, 4502, 4597, 4883], 'min.': [2309, 2725], 'Sepharose': [2310], 'beads': [2311], 'pelleted': [2313], 'centrifugation': [2315, 2602], 'microfuge': [2318], 'min,': [2321, 2716, 4116], 'supernatant': [2324], 'containing': [2325, 2881, 2996, 4503], 'SDS-PAGE.': [2330], 'Cytoplasmic': [2331, 2592], 'RNA': [2332, 3522, 3535], 'procedure': [2337], 'Gough': [2339], '(35Gough': [2340], 'N.': [2341], 'Anal.': [2342, 2652], '173:': [2345], '93-95Crossref': [2346], '(394)': [2348], 'Northern': [2354, 3467], '(36Sambrook': [2357], 'Fritsch': [2359], 'E.F.': [2360], 'Maniatis': [2361], 'Molecular': [2363, 2895], 'Cloning:': [2364], 'A': [2365, 3182, 3264, 3418, 4204, 4572], 'Laboratory': [2366], 'Manual.': [2367], 'Cold': [2368, 2372], 'Spring': [2369, 2373], 'Harbor': [2370], 'Laboratory,': [2371], 'Harbor,': [2374], 'NY1982Google': [2375], 'probed': [2380], 'α-32P-labeled': [2383, 3546, 3565], 'full-length': [2384, 2855], 'STAT1α/β': [2385, 3547], '(a': [2387, 2625, 2886], 'gift': [2388, 2626, 2887], 'Dr.': [2390, 2628, 2889, 6004, 6013, 6021], 'Chris': [2391, 6014], 'Schindler,': [2392], 'Dept.': [2393, 2631], 'Medicine,': [2395], 'College': [2396], 'Physicians': [2398], 'Surgeons,': [2400], 'Columbia': [2401], 'University,': [2402], 'NY)': [2403], 'Gigaprime': [2407], 'random': [2408], 'priming': [2409], '(Bresatec,': [2411], 'Adelaide,': [2412], 'stripped': [2417, 3282, 3560], 'probe': [2419, 2614], 'incubating': [2421], 'membrane': [2423, 3541, 3551], '95': [2425], 'distilled': [2427], 'water': [2428], '30': [2430, 2590, 4115], 'min': [2431, 2601, 2699, 4611], 'subsequently': [2433], 'reprobed': [2434, 3562], 'α-32P-labeledPstI': [2437], 'fragment': [2438], 'rat': [2441], 'GAPDH': [2442, 3566, 3706, 3783, 3814, 3845, 4396, 4406, 4451, 4565, 4680, 4717, 4768, 4803], 'described': [2445, 2480, 2843, 5753], '(37Piechaczyk': [2447], 'Blanchard': [2449], 'J.M.': [2450], 'Marty': [2451], 'Dani': [2453], 'Panabieres': [2455], 'Sabouty': [2457], 'Fort': [2459], 'Jeanteur': [2461], 'Nucleic': [2463, 2948], 'Acids': [2464, 2949], '6951-6964Crossref': [2468], '(439)': [2471], 'text.': [2483], 'NaF': [2486], 'added': [2488, 2709, 2744], 'lysis': [2494], 'inhibit': [2498], 'translocation': [2500], 'extracts': [2527, 2593], 'resuspension': [2531], 'hypotonic': [2535], '(10': [2537, 4610], 'Tris,': [2539], '6': [2545, 4399, 4426, 4495, 4543, 4567], 'mmMgCl2,': [2546], 'KCl,': [2549, 2676], '0.1': [2550, 2556, 2685], '0.2': [2553], 'ZnCl2,': [2558], '0.5': [2562, 2690], 'dithiothreitol,': [2564, 2692], 'Dounce': [2587], 'homogenization': [2588], 'strokes.': [2591], 'collected': [2595], 'supernatants': [2597], 'following': [2598, 3233, 5153], 'microcentrifuge': [2605], 'ng': [2610], 'γ-32P-labeled': [2612], 'oligonucleotide': [2613], 'corresponding': [2615, 6030], 'ISG15': [2620, 5305], '(5′-GATCCATGCCTCGGGAAAGGGAAACCGAAACTGAAGCC-3′)': [2621], 'its': [2623], 'complement': [2624], 'Levy,': [2630], 'Pathology,': [2633], 'York': [2635], 'University)': [2636], 'presence': [2639, 2965, 3000, 5203], '2.5%': [2641], 'Chaps': [2642], '(3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic': [2643], 'acid)': [2644], 'detergent': [2645], '(38Hassanain': [2646], 'H.H.': [2647], 'Dai': [2648], 'Gupta': [2650], 'S.L.': [2651], '213:': [2655], '162-167Crossref': [2656], '(42)': [2659], 'double-stranded': [2666], 'poly': [2667], 'dI/dC': [2668], '(40': [2674], '20': [2677, 2698, 3526, 4340], 'Hepes,': [2679], 'MgCl2,': [2684], '4%': [2688, 2756], 'Ficoll,': [2689], '0.02%': [2694], 'P-40)': [2696], 'room': [2701], 'temperature.': [2702], 'supershifting,': [2704], 'p48-ISGF3γ': [2705, 3991, 4010, 4038, 5217, 5289, 5347], 'into': [2710, 2858], 'reaction': [2712], 'after': [2714, 3258, 3325], 'incubation': [2719], 'continued': [2720], 'incubation,': [2727], 'loading': [2731], 'dye': [2732], '(containing': [2733], '30%': [2734], 'xylene': [2741], 'cyanole)': [2742], 'reaction,': [2748], 'samples': [2750, 3303, 3718, 4119, 4497, 4541], 'electrophoresed': [2753, 3529], '270–300': [2760], 'V': [2761], '0.25': [2763], 'TBE': [2765], '(0.089': [2766], '8,': [2770], '0.089m': [2771], 'boric': [2772], 'acid,': [2773], 'EDTA)': [2777], '4–5': [2782], 'h.': [2783], 'Gels': [2784], 'dried': [2786], 'film.': [2790], 'Antiproliferative': [2791], 'performed': [2841, 2935, 4073], 'previously.': [2844], 'plasmid': [2847], 'constructed': [2851], 'inserting': [2853], 'mammalian': [2859], 'vector,': [2861], 'pBPSTR1': [2862], '(39Paulus': [2863], 'Baur': [2865], 'Boyce': [2867], 'Breakfield': [2869], 'X.O.': [2870], 'Reeves': [2871], 'Virol.': [2874], '1996;': [2875, 2951, 5864], '62-67Crossref': [2877], 'puromycin': [2883, 3017], 'Steve': [2890], 'Reeves,': [2891], 'Massachusetts': [2892], 'General': [2893], 'Neuro-Oncology).': [2896], 'BING': [2899], '(40Pear': [2901], 'W.S.': [2902], 'Nolan': [2903], 'G.P.': [2904], 'Scott': [2905], 'M.L.': [2906], 'Baltimore': [2907], '90:': [2917, 5995], '8392-8396Crossref': [2918], '(2317)': [2921], 'amphotropic': [2925], 'counterpart': [2926], 'BOSC23': [2929, 2959], 'viral': [2930, 4895], 'packaging': [2931, 2970], 'line,': [2933, 3416, 3437, 4044], 'calcium': [2937], 'phosphate': [2938], 'precipitation': [2939], 'recommended': [2941], '(41Jordan': [2942], 'Schallhorn': [2944], 'Wurm': [2946], 'F.M.': [2947], '24:': [2952], '596-601Crossref': [2953], '(741)': [2956], 'doxycycline': [2967], '(Sigma)': [2968], 'during': [2969], 'virus.': [2972], 'had': [2976, 3603, 3676, 3969], 'plated': [2978], '106': [2985], 'day': [2988], 'transfection': [2990], 'infected': [2992], 'filtered': [2994], 'virus': [2997], 'polybrene': [3004], '(Sigma).': [3005], 'allowed': [3008], 'grow': [3010], '48': [3012], '(2.5': [3018], 'mg/ml;': [3019], 'Sigma)': [3020], 'selection': [3022], 'clones.': [3025], 'clones': [3032], 'determined': [3034, 3089, 3766, 4023, 4434], 'immunoblotting.': [3036], 'To': [3037, 4046], 'study': [3038], 'cells,': [3050, 4636, 4908, 5325, 5382, 5405, 5744], 'well': [3059], 'characterized': [3060, 3606], 'chosen.': [3067], 'required': [3072, 3142], 'inhibition': [3075], 'growth': [3078], '(IC50)': [3079], '(CPE50)': [3087], 'IFN-α2concentrations': [3141], 'IC50': [3144], '190': [3146], '(SK-MEL-28),': [3148], '1185': [3149], '(SK-MEL-3),': [3151], '>5000': [3153, 4315], '(MM96)': [3155], 'CPE50': [3158], '6,': [3160, 4668, 4706], '800,': [3161], '>104': [3163], 'IU/ml,': [3164], 'respectively.': [3165], 'order': [3168], 'responsivness': [3170], 'IFN-α2of': [3172], 'SK-MEL-28': [3177, 3443, 3821, 3852, 3895, 3931, 3958, 3998, 4019, 4147, 4213, 4353, 4424, 4874, 5443], '>': [3178, 3180], 'SK-MEL-3': [3179, 3399, 3488, 3581, 3906, 3933, 4000, 4021, 4127, 4233, 5320], 'MM96.': [3181, 3490, 3519], 'detailed': [3183], 'pathway': [3197], 'responses': [3204, 5597, 5605], 'undertaken.': [3208], 'immunoprecipitate': [3217], 'total': [3220, 3724, 4374], 'All': [3237, 3663, 4295], 'exhibited': [3241], 'increase': [3243], '(130': [3252], 'kDa)': [3253, 3257], '(135': [3256], '30-min': [3260, 3301], 'IFN-α2treatment': [3261], '(Fig.': [3262, 3317, 3474, 3887, 3993, 4149, 4220, 4398, 4425, 4494, 4542, 4566, 4937, 5123, 5248, 5290, 5310, 5434], '1,': [3263, 3318], 'andC,': [3265], 'respectively),': [3266], 'whereas': [3267], 'unstimulated': [3276], 'immunoblots': [3280], 'untreated': [3299], 'IFN-α2-treated': [3302], 'found': [3310, 3427, 3941, 4132, 4941, 5101], 'andD).': [3320], 'These': [3321, 3491, 4342, 5877], 'indicate': [3323], 'induced': [3348], 'lines.': [3354, 5083, 5173, 5227, 5296], 'expressed': [3360, 5168], '(Fig.2': [3371], 'B).': [3372], 'equal': [3379, 3869, 4379], 'immunoblotting': [3390, 3658, 3712, 3880, 4936], 'STAT1.': [3394, 3662, 3946], 'markedly': [3403], 'less': [3404, 3904], 'compared': [3407, 3683, 4039, 4216, 4422], 'SK-MEL-28.': [3417, 3985, 4045, 4264], 'comparatively': [3419], 'high': [3420], 'another': [3433], '(data': [3439, 4318], 'shown).': [3441, 4320], 'atypical': [3447], 'respect': [3451, 5938], 'despite': [3454], 'it': [3455, 5383, 5479, 5483], 'IFN-responsive': [3459, 3905], 'we': [3464, 4835, 5020, 5064, 5175, 5274], 'tested.': [3466], 'blotting': [3468], 'transcript': [3472], '3)': [3475], 'decreased': [3478], 'mRNA': [3480, 3513], 'are': [3493, 4826, 5128, 5951], 'consistent': [3494, 4637, 5356], 'correlation': [3497], 'between': [3498, 3930, 5146, 5221, 5552], 'STAT1.Figure': [3511], '3STAT1': [3512], 'Whole': [3520], 'agarose': [3533], 'gel.': [3534], 'transferred': [3538], 'onto': [3539], 'zeta-probe': [3540], 'hybridization': [3543], 'probe.': [3549], 'autoradiographed.': [3555], 'Subsequently,': [3556], 'probe.View': [3567], 'Large': [3568], 'Image': [3569], 'Figure': [3570], 'ViewerDownload': [3571], 'Hi-res': [3572], 'image': [3573], 'Download': [3574], '(PPT)': [3575], 'Since': [3576, 4823], 'shown': [3585, 4174, 4454], 'deficient': [3588], 'Scholar,26Wines': [3633], 'examined,': [3671], 'Li-Br,': [3673], '(Fig.4': [3693, 3707], 'A).': [3694, 3889, 4355, 4427, 4871], 'Similar': [3695], 'housekeeping': [3701], 'control': [3702, 4336], 'proteins,': [3703], 'HSP90': [3704], 'B),': [3708], 'equivalent': [3713, 4371, 4513, 5441], 'amounts': [3714, 3722, 4372, 4505], 'loaded': [3728], 'simply': [3746], 'due': [3747], 'loadings': [3752], 'but': [3753, 4586], 'reflected': [3754], 'expression.': [3759, 5507], 'comparing': [3768, 4436], 'ratio': [3770, 4438], 'densitometric': [3772, 3779, 3808, 3839, 4025, 4440, 4447, 4554, 4561, 4674, 4711, 4752, 4762, 4788, 4797], 'values': [3773, 3780, 3809, 3812, 3840, 3843, 4441, 4448, 4555, 4562, 4675, 4678, 4712, 4715, 4763, 4766, 4798, 4801], '(TableI).Table': [3784], 'ISTAT1': [3785], 'linesCellsDensitometric': [3790], 'STAT1/densitometric': [3793, 3811, 3842, 4659, 4677, 4714, 4746, 4765, 4800], 'GAPDH1-aValues': [3796], 'derived': [3797, 3829, 4663, 4701, 4750, 4786], 'Fig.': [3801, 3833, 4667, 4705, 4755, 4791], '4,': [3802, 3834], 'Aand': [3803, 3835, 4669, 4707], 'B.Relative': [3804, 4670], 'level1-bRatios': [3806], 'standardized': [3816, 3847, 4682, 4719, 4770, 4805], 'comparison': [3818, 3849, 4142, 4684, 4721, 4772, 4807, 5093], 'arbitrarily': [3822, 3853, 4688, 4725, 4776, 4811], 'assigned': [3823, 3854, 4689, 4726, 4777, 4812], '1.00.SK-MEL-2811.7811.00HT1444.3000.36SK-MEL-31.7850.15LiBr1.1780.10SK-MEL-13.9090.33MM961.0600.091-a': [3827], 'Values': [3828, 4700, 4785], 'B.1-b': [3836], 'Ratios': [3837, 4709, 4795], '1.00.': [3858, 4730, 4816], 'Open': [3859, 4731, 4817], 'table': [3860, 4732, 4818], 'new': [3863, 4735, 4821], 'tab': [3864, 4736, 4822], 'compare': [3882], 'As': [3890, 4453, 4478, 4872], 'highest': [3899], 'STAT2;': [3902], 'intermediate': [3910], 'lowest': [3919], 'Densitometric': [3947], 'signals': [3951], 'only': [3960, 4237, 4589], 'higher': [3963, 4205, 4464, 4947], 'than': [3964, 3981, 4018, 4468, 4633, 4948, 5612], 'SK-MEL-3.': [3967], 'much': [3971, 4253, 4629], 'lower': [3972, 3980, 4017, 4135, 5341], 'some': [3977, 4152], 'Examination': [3986], 'C)': [3995, 4544], 'relatively': [4002], 'p48-ISGF3γ.': [4006, 5458], 'analysis.': [4026], 'mild': [4033, 5277], 'deficiencies': [4034, 5278], 'determine': [4047, 4281], 'whether': [4048, 4282, 4837], 'affected': [4059], 'ability': [4061], 'ISRE,': [4070], 'EMSA': [4071, 4241, 5309], 'ISGF3-ISG15': [4077], 'element': [4079, 5392], 'interaction': [4080, 5302, 5393], 'IFN-α2for': [4114], 'EMSA.': [4123], 'Lysates': [4124], '5).': [4150, 4221], 'where': [4156], 'indicated,': [4157], 'IFN-γ-primed': [4160, 4212, 4247], 'because': [4170, 4383], 'IFN-γ-priming': [4171], 'up-regulation': [4179], '(42Gao': [4184], 'P.-Q.': [4185], 'Sims': [4186], 'S.H.': [4187], 'Chang': [4188], 'D.C.': [4189], 'Deisseroth': [4190], 'A.B.': [4191], '268:': [4196], '12380-12387Abstract': [4197], 'amount': [4206], 'when': [4215, 4242, 4250, 4598], 'non-IFN-γ-primed': [4218], 'low': [4223, 4573, 4827, 5253], 'there': [4251, 5138], 'greater': [4254, 4504], '(SK-MEL-3,': [4258], '2×;': [4259], '4×)': [4261], 'cultured': [4270, 4362], 'studied': [4279], 'particular': [4289], 'common': [4293], 'phenomenon.': [4294], 'extremely': [4305], 'unresponsive': [4306], '(IC50': [4313, 4337, 4521], 'IFN-β)': [4317], 'Cultures': [4321], 'responsive': [4328], 'positive': [4335], 'IU/ml).': [4341, 4902, 4923], '(Fig.6': [4354, 4616], 'basis': [4369, 5461], 'great': [4385], 'sizes': [4389], 'found.': [4393], 'Immunoblotting': [4394], 'B)': [4400, 4939], 'showed': [4401, 5548], 'almost': [4402], 'identical': [4403], 'sample.': [4410], 'Reduced': [4411], '(TableII).': [4452], 'Table': [4456, 4570, 4737], 'II,': [4457], 'significantly': [4463, 4914, 5313], 'patients.': [4477], 'patients': [4486, 4499], '3': [4487, 4500, 4585, 4945], 'A),': [4496], 'analyzed.': [4509], 'comparison,': [4511], 'moderately': [4519, 4622], 'IU/ml)': [4525], '7.': [4530], 'determining': [4548, 5588, 5910], 'comparative': [4550], 'E': [4568], 'III).': [4571], 'longer': [4607], 'period': [4609], 'min)': [4615], 'D).': [4617], '7': [4627, 4938], 'more': [4630, 5889], 'observation': [4640, 5332], 'correlates': [4646], 'levels.Table': [4650], 'IISTAT1': [4651], 'cellsCellsDensitometric': [4656, 4743], 'GAPDH2-aValues': [4662], 'level2-bRatios': [4672], '1.00.Melanocytes0.7881.00SK-MEL-280.9311.18SK-MEL-30.1950.24MM960.1660.21Patient': [4693], '10.2100.26Patient': [4694], '20.0800.10Patient': [4695], '3Patient': [4696], '40.3580.45Patient': [4697], '5Patient': [4698, 4783], '60.5290.672-a': [4699], 'B.2-b': [4708], 'IIISTAT1': [4738], 'GAPDH3-aValues': [4749], '6,C': [4756, 4792], 'E.Relative': [4758], 'level3-bRatios': [4760], '1.00.Melanocytes4.5621.00SK-MEL-284.6771.03SK-MEL-30.6960.15MM960.4270.09Patient': [4781], '30.3300.07Patient': [4782], '70.7000.153-a': [4784], 'E.3-b': [4794], 'such': [4832, 5337], 'overexpression': [4838], 'would': [4841, 5397], 'improve': [4842], 'IFN-β.': [4852], 'transfected': [4867, 4931], '(Fig.7': [4870], 'expected,': [4873], '(CPE50': [4881, 4899, 4920], 'IU/ml),': [4884], 'failed': [4886], 'protect': [4888], 'parental': [4890, 4956], 'mediated': [4896], '1600': [4901], 'STAT1-transfected': [4906], '150': [4922], 'confirmed': [4934], 'about': [4944], 'Several': [4959], 'inhibitors': [4965], 'importance': [4969], '(43Gutch': [4977], 'Daly': [4979], 'Reich': [4981], 'N.C.': [4982], '89:': [4991], '11411-11415Crossref': [4992], '(64)': [4995], '44Schindler': [4998], 'Shuai': [5000], 'Prezioso': [5002], 'V.R.': [5003], '257:': [5009], '809-815Crossref': [5010], '(746)': [5013], 'recent': [5018], 'IFN-α2-induced': [5034], 'changes': [5035], 'report,': [5063], 'nature': [5069], 'our': [5088, 5158, 5579, 5740, 5931], 'investigation': [5089], 'Analysis': [5114], '1),': [5124], 'IFN-signaling': [5134], 'tested': [5152], 'stimulation.': [5155], 'suggested': [5160], 'constitutively': [5167, 5495], 'examination': [5200], 'factor,': [5213], '-resistant': [5224], 'particular,': [5229], 'A)': [5250], 'passage': [5254], 'Additionally,': [5273], '2)': [5291], '5)': [5311], 'type.': [5330], '(all': [5348], 'constitute': [5352], 'activity)': [5354], 'decrease': [5360], 'DNA': [5363], 'activity': [5365], 'Given': [5372], 'follows': [5384], 'factor-DNA': [5390], 'enhancer': [5391], 'severely': [5399], 'affected.': [5400], 'resulted': [5416], 'having': [5419], 'judged': [5426], 'altered': [5428], '7).': [5435], 'restoration': [5437, 5452], 'require': [5445], 'increasing': [5447], 'molecular': [5460], 'remains': [5474], 'possible': [5481], 'caused': [5485], 'failure': [5489], 'normal': [5503], 'regulation': [5504], '(ISG)': [5510], 'via': [5512], 'what': [5520], 'ultimately': [5521], 'dictates': [5522], 'outcome': [5525], 'terms': [5527], 'responses.': [5530], 'Previous': [5531], '2′,5′-oligoadenylate': [5538], 'synthetase': [5539], '(OAS),': [5540], 'ds-RNA-induced': [5541], '(PKR)': [5544], 'MX': [5546], 'antigen': [5547], '-sensitive': [5555], 'observations': [5580, 5627, 5741, 5878], 'clearly': [5585], 'demonstrate': [5586], 'role': [5589, 5941, 5980], 'establishment': [5594], 'albeit': [5602], 'must': [5606], 'depend': [5607], 'ISG': [5609], 'OAS,': [5615], 'PKR': [5616], 'MX.': [5618], 'Our': [5619], 'provide': [5621], 'explanation': [5623], 'previous': [5626], 'assays,': [5634], 'widely': [5637], 'differing': [5638], '26Wines': [5670], 'Also,': [5691], 'helps': [5702], 'explain': [5704], '24Petricoin': [5774], 'Scholar,45Improta': [5798], 'Pfeffer': [5802], '87-94Crossref': [5810], '46Eilers': [5815], 'Seegert': [5817], 'Baccarini': [5821], '3245-3254Crossref': [5830], '(49)': [5833], '(ibid.)': [5842], 'occur': [5844], 'breast': [5847], '(47Kolla': [5851], 'V.': [5852], 'Lindner': [5853], 'D.J.': [5854], 'Weihua': [5855], 'X.': [5856], 'Kalvakolanu': [5859], 'D.V.': [5860], '271:': [5865], '10508-10514Abstract': [5866], '(103)': [5874], 'lead': [5879], 'suggestion': [5882], 'underlying': [5892], 'development': [5894], 'variety': [5901], 'cancers.': [5903, 5929], 'diagnostic': [5906], 'assay': [5907], 'based': [5908], 'serve': [5916], 'useful': [5919], 'marker': [5921], 'Finally,': [5930], 'wider': [5935], 'implications': [5936], 'carcinogenesis': [5946], 'given': [5947], 'cancers': [5950], 'therapy': [5955], '(13Estroz': [5956], 'suppressor': [5984], '(48Lengyel': [5985], 'Natl': [5988], '5893-5895Crossref': [5996], '(195)': [5999], 'thank': [6003], 'providing': [6008], 'JAK-1,': [6012], 'cDNA,': [6019], 'Levy': [6023], 'kind': [6026], 'provision': [6027], 'oligonucleotides': [6029], 'ISG15.': [6035]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2098867430', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 8}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-06T09:23:35.764823', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
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