Title: Phylogenetic synthesis of morphological and molecular data reveals new insights into the higher-level classification of Tipuloidea (Diptera)
Abstract: Systematic EntomologyVolume 35, Issue 3 p. 526-545 Phylogenetic synthesis of morphological and molecular data reveals new insights into the higher-level classification of Tipuloidea (Diptera) MATTHEW J. PETERSEN, Corresponding Author MATTHEW J. PETERSEN Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.Matthew J. Petersen, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorMATTHEW A. BERTONE, MATTHEW A. BERTONE Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorBRIAN M. WIEGMANN, BRIAN M. WIEGMANN Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorGREGORY W. COURTNEY, GREGORY W. COURTNEY Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author MATTHEW J. PETERSEN, Corresponding Author MATTHEW J. PETERSEN Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.Matthew J. Petersen, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorMATTHEW A. BERTONE, MATTHEW A. BERTONE Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorBRIAN M. WIEGMANN, BRIAN M. WIEGMANN Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorGREGORY W. COURTNEY, GREGORY W. COURTNEY Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author First published: 07 June 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00524.xCitations: 49Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Tipuloidea, the crane flies, are a diverse lineage of true flies (Insecta: Diptera) whose phylogenetic classification and taxonomy remain a challenge. Here we present the results of a quantitative phylogenetic analysis of Tipuloidea based on combined morphological characters (adult, larvae and pupae) and nuclear gene sequence data (28S rDNA and CAD). Forty-five species, from 44 genera and subgenera, were sampled, representing the four putative families of Tipuloidea (Cylindrotomidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae and Tipulidae sensu stricto). Analyses of individual datasets, although differing in overall topology, support the monophyly of several major lineages within Tipuloidea. Parsimony and Bayesian analyses using individual morphological and molecular datasets resulted in incongruent topologies. Increased resolution and tree support was obtained when both datasets (morphology and genes) were combined, in both combined evidence parsimony and Bayesian analyses, than when analysed separately. The recovered consensus phylogeny was not consistent with any previously proposed Tipuloidea classification, with previous importance assigned to character states shown here to represent losses and reversals seen as a major factor influencing erroneous classification. The results provided here, together with evidence from previous analyses, were used to append the Tipuloidea classification to supported evolutionary lineages. Tipuloidea is presented as two families: Pediciidae and Tipulidae. Pediciidae is recovered as the sister group to all remaining Tipuloidea. Our current phylogenetic hypothesis is not consistent with the existing subfamilial classification of the 'Limoniidae', which is paraphyletic with respect to a well-supported Tipulinae + Cylindrotominae clade, whereas the three 'limoniid' subfamilies are para- or polyphyletic. The recognition of 'Limoniidae' as a valid monophyletic family is discouraged and the subfamilies of 'Limoniidae' are amended and placed within Tipulidae. A revised phylogenetic classification is proposed for the crane flies based on a synthesis of evidence from multiple genes and morphology. Supporting Information Supporting Information Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article under the DOI reference: DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00524.x File S1. Morphological characters used in phylogenetic analyses. Table S1. Species selected as exemplar taxa. Table S2. Oligonucleotide primer sequences used to amplify CAD and 28S. Table S3. Coded matrix of characters used in the morphological analyses. Table S4. Character attributes of each gene and partition. Table S5. Classification schemes applied to the crane flies. 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Publication Year: 2010
Publication Date: 2010-05-06
Language: en
Type: article
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