Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2096022878', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2312030880', 'title': 'Radiation Risks Potentially Associated with Low-Dose CT Screening of Adult Smokers for Lung Cancer', 'display_name': 'Radiation Risks Potentially Associated with Low-Dose CT Screening of Adult Smokers for Lung Cancer', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2096022878', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2312030880', 'mag': '2096022878', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15128988'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2312030880', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S50280174', 'display_name': 'Radiology', 'issn_l': '0033-8419', 'issn': ['0033-8419', '1527-1315'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315931', 'host_organization_name': 'Radiological Society of North America', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315931'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Radiological Society of North America'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048201953', 'display_name': 'David J. Brenner', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0926-1210'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'David J. Brenner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5048201953'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 16.704, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 444, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99992, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '231', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '440', 'last_page': '445'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10844', 'display_name': 'Radiation Dose and Imaging', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10844', 'display_name': 'Radiation Dose and Imaging', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10202', 'display_name': 'Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10946', 'display_name': 'Radioactivity and Radon Measurements', 'score': 0.9793, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3614', 'display_name': 'Radiological and Ultrasound Technology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/absolute-risk-reduction', 'display_name': 'Absolute risk reduction', 'score': 0.4559825}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/attributable-risk', 'display_name': 'Attributable risk', 'score': 0.44979644}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9271025}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776256026', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912', 'display_name': 'Lung cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.82397044}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5663523}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777405583', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6704277', 'display_name': 'Lung cancer screening', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.54956675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C82789193', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611', 'display_name': 'Relative risk', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5196863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50056815}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777714996', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886', 'display_name': 'Lung', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47476244}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120195587', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138790', 'display_name': 'Absolute risk reduction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4559825}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16851059', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182467', 'display_name': 'Attributable risk', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44979644}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61511704', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857', 'display_name': 'Incidence (geometry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43072814}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44249647', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498', 'display_name': 'Confidence interval', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41947657}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2989005', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963', 'display_name': 'Nuclear medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4151915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.30559146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14493832}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D008175', 'descriptor_name': 'Lung Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000000981', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnostic imaging', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012907', 'descriptor_name': 'Smoking', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014057', 'descriptor_name': 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000369', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged, 80 and over', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008175', 'descriptor_name': 'Lung Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008175', 'descriptor_name': 'Lung Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011829', 'descriptor_name': 'Radiation Dosage', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018570', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Assessment', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012307', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012907', 'descriptor_name': 'Smoking', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014057', 'descriptor_name': 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2312030880', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S50280174', 'display_name': 'Radiology', 'issn_l': '0033-8419', 'issn': ['0033-8419', '1527-1315'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315931', 'host_organization_name': 'Radiological Society of North America', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315931'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Radiological Society of North America'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15128988', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.89, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 44, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1588620849', 'https://openalex.org/W1975174086', 'https://openalex.org/W1975744287', 'https://openalex.org/W1976846951', 'https://openalex.org/W1989687673', 'https://openalex.org/W2000568175', 'https://openalex.org/W2008880433', 'https://openalex.org/W2009551160', 'https://openalex.org/W2009903617', 'https://openalex.org/W2030810311', 'https://openalex.org/W2031827337', 'https://openalex.org/W2033148874', 'https://openalex.org/W2037641049', 'https://openalex.org/W2043847010', 'https://openalex.org/W2049565806', 'https://openalex.org/W2050086414', 'https://openalex.org/W2065675801', 'https://openalex.org/W2067250476', 'https://openalex.org/W2071764770', 'https://openalex.org/W2072614847', 'https://openalex.org/W2074397710', 'https://openalex.org/W2080448417', 'https://openalex.org/W2084218436', 'https://openalex.org/W2091524456', 'https://openalex.org/W2091760036', 'https://openalex.org/W2102770896', 'https://openalex.org/W2102854863', 'https://openalex.org/W2107854589', 'https://openalex.org/W2110062437', 'https://openalex.org/W2133255976', 'https://openalex.org/W2136962951', 'https://openalex.org/W2140027844', 'https://openalex.org/W2169199819', 'https://openalex.org/W2172899499', 'https://openalex.org/W2180741372', 'https://openalex.org/W2249688282', 'https://openalex.org/W2335191956', 'https://openalex.org/W2342704925', 'https://openalex.org/W2416720104', 'https://openalex.org/W2430047314', 'https://openalex.org/W2571036723', 'https://openalex.org/W2978030637', 'https://openalex.org/W4230836196', 'https://openalex.org/W4242346254'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4388045257', 'https://openalex.org/W4386457524', 'https://openalex.org/W4233135127', 'https://openalex.org/W4229030861', 'https://openalex.org/W3119394462', 'https://openalex.org/W2738392531', 'https://openalex.org/W2598476089', 'https://openalex.org/W2312383533', 'https://openalex.org/W2074828072', 'https://openalex.org/W2009875305'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'PURPOSE:': [0], 'To': [1], 'estimate': [2], 'the': [3, 30, 96, 118, 186, 196, 220, 226, 257], 'radiation-related': [4, 148], 'lung': [5, 15, 43, 49, 80, 98, 106, 126, 139, 149, 160, 200, 235], 'cancer': [6, 64, 81, 85, 99, 150, 161, 168, 236], 'risks': [7, 78, 100, 121], 'associated': [8, 101, 122, 202], 'with': [9, 102, 123, 203], 'annual': [10, 124, 137, 193, 240], 'low-dose': [11, 47], 'computed': [12], 'tomographic': [13], '(CT)': [14], 'screening': [16, 35, 127, 140, 206], 'in': [17, 66, 112, 154, 185, 234], 'adult': [18], 'smokers': [19, 184], 'and': [20, 23, 73, 92, 182], 'former': [21, 183], 'smokers,': [22], 'to': [24, 52, 94, 156, 170, 239, 255], 'establish': [25], 'a': [26, 53, 103, 109, 113, 211, 231, 244], 'baseline': [27], 'risk': [28, 65, 151, 162, 169, 237], 'that': [29], 'potential': [31, 258], 'benefits': [32], 'of': [33, 62, 79, 152, 163, 179, 199, 230, 247], 'such': [34], 'should': [36], 'exceed.': [37], 'MATERIALS': [38], 'AND': [39], 'METHODS:': [40], 'The': [41, 166], 'estimated': [42, 147, 197, 227], 'radiation': [44, 120, 204, 242, 259], 'dose': [45, 54], 'from': [46, 84, 205], 'CT': [48, 105, 125, 138, 194], 'examinations': [50], 'corresponds': [51], 'range': [55], 'for': [56, 88], 'which': [57], 'there': [58], 'is': [59], 'direct': [60], 'evidence': [61], 'increased': [63], 'atomic': [67, 89], 'bomb': [68, 90], 'survivors.': [69], 'Estimated': [70], 'dose-,': [71], 'sex-,': [72], 'smoking': [74], 'status–dependent': [75], 'excess': [76, 97], 'relative': [77], 'were': [82, 128], 'derived': [83], 'incidence': [86], 'data': [87], 'survivors': [91], 'used': [93], 'calculate': [95], 'single': [104], 'examination': [107], 'at': [108], 'given': [110], 'age': [111, 142], 'U.S.': [114, 187], 'population.': [115], 'From': [116], 'these,': [117], 'overall': [119], 'estimated.': [129], 'RESULTS:': [130], 'A': [131], '50-year-old': [132], 'female': [133], 'smoker': [134], 'who': [135], 'undergoes': [136], 'until': [141], '75': [143], 'would': [144, 173, 207], 'incur': [145], 'an': [146], '0.85%,': [153], 'addition': [155], 'her': [157], 'otherwise': [158, 221], 'expected': [159, 222], 'approximately': [164, 209], '17%.': [165], 'radiation-associated': [167], 'other': [171], 'organs': [172], 'be': [174, 208, 253], 'far': [175], 'lower.': [176], 'If': [177], '50%': [178], 'all': [180], 'current': [181], 'population': [188], 'aged': [189], '50–75': [190], 'years': [191], 'received': [192], 'screening,': [195], 'number': [198], 'cancers': [201], '36,000,': [210], '1.8%': [212], '(95%': [213], 'credibility': [214], 'interval:': [215], '0.5%,': [216], '5.5%)': [217], 'increase': [218, 233], 'over': [219], 'number.': [223], 'CONCLUSION:': [224], 'Given': [225], 'upper': [228], 'limit': [229], '5.5%': [232], 'attributable': [238], 'CT-related': [241], 'exposure,': [243], 'mortality': [245], 'benefit': [246], 'considerably': [248], 'more': [249], 'than': [250], '5%': [251], 'may': [252], 'necessary': [254], 'outweigh': [256], 'risks.': [260], '©': [261], 'RSNA,': [262], '2004': [263]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2096022878', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 28}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 33}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 35}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-11T19:02:20.787847', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}