Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2094202235', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.66.024516', 'title': 'Calculation of the hysteretic force between a superconductor and a magnet', 'display_name': 'Calculation of the hysteretic force between a superconductor and a magnet', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-07-17', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2094202235', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.66.024516', 'mag': '2094202235'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.66.024516', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210174675', 'display_name': 'Physical review. B, Condensed matter', 'issn_l': '0163-1829', 'issn': ['0163-1829', '1095-3795'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1238&context=engpapers', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5070252005', 'display_name': 'M.J. Qin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3754-1022'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204824540', 'display_name': 'University of Wollongong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00jtmb277', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. J. Qin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5081535546', 'display_name': 'G. Li', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204824540', 'display_name': 'University of Wollongong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00jtmb277', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'G. Li', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100338921', 'display_name': 'Huan Liu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0253-647X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204824540', 'display_name': 'University of Wollongong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00jtmb277', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'H. K. Liu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028780342', 'display_name': 'Shi Xue Dou', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-7693'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204824540', 'display_name': 'University of Wollongong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00jtmb277', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. X. Dou', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong; NSW 2522, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5114253501', 'display_name': 'Ernst Helmut Brandt', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135521', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04fq9j139', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210135521']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Society', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01hhn8329', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'E. H. Brandt', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Emeriti and Others, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Max Planck Society'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Emeriti and Others, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Max Planck Society', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135521', 'https://openalex.org/I149899117']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.447, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 92, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99984, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '66', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10037', 'display_name': 'Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3104', 'display_name': 'Condensed Matter Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10037', 'display_name': 'Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3104', 'display_name': 'Condensed Matter Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11808', 'display_name': 'Superconducting Materials and Applications', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11222', 'display_name': 'Magnetic Properties and Applications', 'score': 0.9952, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2504', 'display_name': 'Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-levitation', 'display_name': 'Magnetic Levitation', 'score': 0.6067306}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/force-density', 'display_name': 'Force density', 'score': 0.5564827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-stabilized-magnetic-levitation', 'display_name': 'Spin-stabilized magnetic levitation', 'score': 0.52923083}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/electrodynamic-suspension', 'display_name': 'Electrodynamic suspension', 'score': 0.46784696}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27838914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740997', 'display_name': 'Levitation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9436058}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16389437', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421', 'display_name': 'Magnet', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7497915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54101563', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124131', 'display_name': 'Superconductivity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.69907767}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26873012', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781', 'display_name': 'Condensed matter physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6669502}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C206736587', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061251', 'display_name': 'Magnetic levitation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6067306}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149912024', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q462188', 'display_name': 'Creep', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59999746}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115260700', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408', 'display_name': 'Magnetic field', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59584147}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C148043351', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944', 'display_name': 'Current (fluid)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5759237}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5743064}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779372316', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057', 'display_name': 'Stiffness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5588006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3767888', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117184', 'display_name': 'Force density', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5564827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104226149', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5463030', 'display_name': 'Flux pumping', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5484002}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162894644', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105986', 'display_name': 'Spin-stabilized magnetic levitation', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.52923083}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C172108966', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120120', 'display_name': 'Superconducting magnet', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4747396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C123844309', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5358002', 'display_name': 'Electrodynamic suspension', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.46784696}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C157479481', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831', 'display_name': 'Magnetic flux', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43544453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4278778}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109613756', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846667', 'display_name': 'High-temperature superconductivity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.28084922}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162565982', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3725254', 'display_name': 'Magnetic energy', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.19854844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32546565', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711', 'display_name': 'Magnetization', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.13440967}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97355855', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13401848}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.66.024516', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210174675', 'display_name': 'Physical review. B, Condensed matter', 'issn_l': '0163-1829', 'issn': ['0163-1829', '1095-3795'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ro.uow.edu.au/engpapers/237', 'pdf_url': 'https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1238&context=engpapers', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400510', 'display_name': 'Research Online (University of Wollongong)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I204824540', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Wollongong', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Wollongong'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ro.uow.edu.au/engpapers/237', 'pdf_url': 'https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1238&context=engpapers', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400510', 'display_name': 'Research Online (University of Wollongong)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I204824540', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Wollongong', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204824540'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Wollongong'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.45, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 43, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1538444021', 'https://openalex.org/W1632606565', 'https://openalex.org/W1670909599', 'https://openalex.org/W1963989734', 'https://openalex.org/W1964529302', 'https://openalex.org/W1966080088', 'https://openalex.org/W1973848051', 'https://openalex.org/W1976795882', 'https://openalex.org/W1977001782', 'https://openalex.org/W1977381723', 'https://openalex.org/W1978622414', 'https://openalex.org/W1978635124', 'https://openalex.org/W1994478227', 'https://openalex.org/W2002877633', 'https://openalex.org/W2010719705', 'https://openalex.org/W2010833600', 'https://openalex.org/W2012436701', 'https://openalex.org/W2013338296', 'https://openalex.org/W2014912919', 'https://openalex.org/W2024252788', 'https://openalex.org/W2036941373', 'https://openalex.org/W2042859897', 'https://openalex.org/W2047812029', 'https://openalex.org/W2049482578', 'https://openalex.org/W2053390947', 'https://openalex.org/W2053659262', 'https://openalex.org/W2057024514', 'https://openalex.org/W2057895638', 'https://openalex.org/W2061378098', 'https://openalex.org/W2064389972', 'https://openalex.org/W2071996020', 'https://openalex.org/W2078335333', 'https://openalex.org/W2080717243', 'https://openalex.org/W2083392755', 'https://openalex.org/W2086093551', 'https://openalex.org/W2086396431', 'https://openalex.org/W2086644502', 'https://openalex.org/W2090772604', 'https://openalex.org/W2092863132', 'https://openalex.org/W2096978159', 'https://openalex.org/W2113562341', 'https://openalex.org/W2121901867', 'https://openalex.org/W2161581252'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4255775080', 'https://openalex.org/W4247176678', 'https://openalex.org/W2587918436', 'https://openalex.org/W2531483689', 'https://openalex.org/W2318294425', 'https://openalex.org/W2132406900', 'https://openalex.org/W2119881919', 'https://openalex.org/W2111679693', 'https://openalex.org/W2067002119', 'https://openalex.org/W2041773681'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 27, 48, 66, 107, 119], 'magnetic': [1, 40], 'levitation': [2, 49, 82], 'forces': [3], 'exerted': [4], 'on': [5, 53, 60, 85], 'a': [6, 12, 72], 'high-temperature': [7], 'superconducting': [8], '(HTS)': [9], 'disk': [10], 'by': [11, 43, 71, 114], 'cylindrical': [13], 'permanent': [14], 'magnet': [15], '(PM)': [16], 'are': [17, 46], 'calculated': [18], 'from': [19, 76, 95], 'first': [20], 'principles': [21], 'for': [22, 100], 'superconductors': [23], 'with': [24], 'finite': [25], 'thickness.': [26], 'current': [28, 56], '$j(\\ensuremath{\\rho},z)$': [29], 'and': [30, 59], 'field': [31, 41], '$B(\\ensuremath{\\rho},z)$': [32], 'profiles': [33], 'in': [34, 37, 128], 'the': [35, 38, 44, 54, 61, 64, 81, 86, 90, 96, 101, 110, 125], 'HTS': [36], 'nonuniform': [39], 'generated': [42], 'PM': [45, 91], 'derived.': [47], 'force': [50, 83, 104, 117], 'depends': [51, 84], 'nonlinearly': [52], 'critical': [55], 'density': [57], '${j}_{c}$': [58], 'thickness': [62], 'of': [63, 109, 124], 'HTS.': [65], 'flux': [67], 'creep': [68, 105], 'is': [69, 112], 'described': [70], 'current-voltage': [73], 'law': [74], '${E(j)=E}_{c}{(j/j}_{c}{)}^{n},$': [75], 'which': [77, 89, 98], 'we': [78], 'show': [79], 'that': [80], 'speed': [87], 'at': [88], 'approaches': [92], 'or': [93], 'recedes': [94], 'HTS,': [97], 'accounts': [99], 'experimentally': [102], 'observed': [103, 127], 'phenomenon.': [106], 'stiffness': [108], 'system': [111], 'derived': [113], 'calculating': [115], 'minor': [116], 'loops.': [118], 'numerical': [120], 'results': [121], 'reproduce': [122], 'many': [123], 'features': [126], 'experiments.': [129]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2094202235', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-09T12:46:28.907359', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}