Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2094159667', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-008-9390-4', 'title': 'An Empirical Comparison of Respondent-driven Sampling, Time Location Sampling, and Snowball Sampling for Behavioral Surveillance in Men Who Have Sex with Men, Fortaleza, Brazil', 'display_name': 'An Empirical Comparison of Respondent-driven Sampling, Time Location Sampling, and Snowball Sampling for Behavioral Surveillance in Men Who Have Sex with Men, Fortaleza, Brazil', 'publication_year': 2008, 'publication_date': '2008-04-03', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2094159667', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-008-9390-4', 'mag': '2094159667', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18389357'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-008-9390-4', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S6142729', 'display_name': 'AIDS and Behavior', 'issn_l': '1090-7165', 'issn': ['1090-7165', '1573-3254'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036916405', 'display_name': 'Carl Kendall', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0794-4333'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114832834', 'display_name': 'Tulane University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04vmvtb21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114832834']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Carl Kendall', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114832834']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046346426', 'display_name': 'Lígia Regina Franco Sansigolo Kerr', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-408X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I243754102', 'display_name': 'Universidade Federal do Ceará', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03srtnf24', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I243754102']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ligia R. F. S. Kerr', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Universidade Federal do Ceará―'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Universidade Federal do Ceará―', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I243754102']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023683862', 'display_name': 'Rogério Costa Gondim', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801419637', 'display_name': 'AIDS United', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05rdrc984', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801419637']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Rogerio C. Gondim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Grupo de Apoio a Prevenção da AIDS'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Grupo de Apoio a Prevenção da AIDS', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2801419637']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046623130', 'display_name': 'Guilherme Loureiro Werneck', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1436'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40034438', 'display_name': 'Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0198v2949', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40034438']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Guilherme L. Werneck', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Universidade do estado do Rio de janeiro'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Universidade do estado do Rio de janeiro', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I40034438']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009135211', 'display_name': 'Raimunda Hermelinda Maia Macena', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3320-8380'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I243754102', 'display_name': 'Universidade Federal do Ceará', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03srtnf24', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I243754102']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Raimunda Hermelinda Maia Macena', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Universidade Federal do Ceará―'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Universidade Federal do Ceará―', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I243754102']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5113653472', 'display_name': 'Marta Kerr Pontes', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I243754102', 'display_name': 'Universidade Federal do Ceará', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03srtnf24', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I243754102']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Marta Kerr Pontes', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Universidade Federal do Ceará―'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Universidade Federal do Ceará―', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I243754102']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034618129', 'display_name': 'Lisa G. Johnston', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-3638'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114832834', 'display_name': 'Tulane University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04vmvtb21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114832834']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lisa G. Johnston', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114832834']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089470336', 'display_name': 'Keith Sabin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-8621'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1289490764', 'display_name': 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/042twtr12', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1289490764', 'https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Keith Sabin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Global AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Global AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1289490764']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080874249', 'display_name': 'Willi McFarland', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-5660'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2803209242', 'display_name': 'University of California System', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00pjdza24', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2803209242']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Willi McFarland', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of California'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2803209242']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 6, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3190, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 4190, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 9.166, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 253, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.950309, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '12', 'issue': 'S1', 'first_page': '97', 'last_page': '104'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11860', 'display_name': 'HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11860', 'display_name': 'HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10082', 'display_name': 'HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11819', 'display_name': 'Data-Driven Disease Surveillance', 'score': 0.9946, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/snowball-sampling', 'display_name': 'Snowball sampling', 'score': 0.97963464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/health-psychology', 'display_name': 'Health psychology', 'score': 0.61803776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sample', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'score': 0.52270305}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106399304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868123', 'display_name': 'Snowball sampling', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.97963464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776939746', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853451', 'display_name': 'Men who have sex with men', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7384144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776640315', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315941', 'display_name': 'Respondent', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70904744}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C140779682', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868', 'display_name': 'Sampling (signal processing)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6410669}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155164915', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1403186', 'display_name': 'Health psychology', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.61803776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C198531522', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52270305}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149923435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732', 'display_name': 'Demography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4722345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138816342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603', 'display_name': 'Public health', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47038546}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45842424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3732157}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.36735493}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3572009}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33880058}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3013748606', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787', 'display_name': 'Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2970938}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09816456}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08538735}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08165282}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159110408', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176', 'display_name': 'Nursing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776983459', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41083', 'display_name': 'Syphilis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C512399662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712', 'display_name': 'Family medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106131492', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260', 'display_name': 'Filter (signal processing)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31972630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240', 'display_name': 'Computer vision', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003625', 'descriptor_name': 'Data Collection', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015658', 'descriptor_name': 'HIV Infections', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000453', 'qualifier_name': 'epidemiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018451', 'descriptor_name': 'Homosexuality, Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018571', 'descriptor_name': 'Sentinel Surveillance', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012725', 'descriptor_name': 'Sexual Behavior', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001938', 'descriptor_name': 'Brazil', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000453', 'qualifier_name': 'epidemiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001938', 'descriptor_name': 'Brazil', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003625', 'descriptor_name': 'Data Collection', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015658', 'descriptor_name': 'HIV Infections', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015658', 'descriptor_name': 'HIV Infections', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000635', 'qualifier_name': 'transmission', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015658', 'descriptor_name': 'HIV Infections', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012309', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk-Taking', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012494', 'descriptor_name': 'Sampling Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012923', 'descriptor_name': 'Social Class', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-008-9390-4', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S6142729', 'display_name': 'AIDS and Behavior', 'issn_l': '1090-7165', 'issn': ['1090-7165', '1573-3254'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18389357', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.41, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 11, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1977765995', 'https://openalex.org/W2008823692', 'https://openalex.org/W2056062595', 'https://openalex.org/W2060008194', 'https://openalex.org/W2070516890', 'https://openalex.org/W2097158654', 'https://openalex.org/W2099264698', 'https://openalex.org/W2117740169', 'https://openalex.org/W2149236908', 'https://openalex.org/W2164713644', 'https://openalex.org/W2169032724'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4386164500', 'https://openalex.org/W3192895292', 'https://openalex.org/W2804661401', 'https://openalex.org/W2558322854', 'https://openalex.org/W2526145264', 'https://openalex.org/W2202340127', 'https://openalex.org/W2111112325', 'https://openalex.org/W1967170474', 'https://openalex.org/W1644951373', 'https://openalex.org/W1492264985'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2094159667', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 28}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 13}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-07T06:32:07.389459', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}