Title: Binary regulation of interleukin(IL)‐6 production by EP<sub>1</sub> and EP<sub>2</sub>/EP<sub>4</sub> subtypes of PGE<sub>2</sub> receptors in IL‐1β‐stimulated human gingival fibroblasts
Abstract: Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) exerts its biological actions via EP receptors, which are divided into four subtypes of EP 1 , EP 2 , EP 3 and EP 4 . In the present study, we investigated whether PGE 2 regulated interleukin(IL)‐6 production in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) stimulated with IL‐1β and if so, which subtype(s) of PGE 2 receptors were involved. Indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, significantly enhanced IL‐1β‐induced IL‐6 production by HGF, although it completely inhibited IL‐1β‐induced PGE 2 production. Exogenous PGE 2 suppressed the IL‐1β‐induced IL‐6 production. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that mRNA of EP 1 , EP 2 and EP 4 , but not EP 3 mRNA, was expressed in unstimulated and IL‐1β‐stimulated HGF. 11‐deoxy‐PGE 1 , a selective EP 2 /EP 3 /EP 4 agonist, and butaprost, a selective EP 2 agonist, inhibited IL‐1β‐induced IL‐6 production, although butaprost was less potent than 11‐deoxy‐PGE 1 . 17‐phenyl‐ω‐trinor PGE 2 , an EP 1 agonist, enhanced IL‐1β‐induced IL‐6 production. Based on these data, we suggest that PGE 2 can up‐ or downregulate IL‐1β‐induced IL‐6 production via EP 1 receptors or via EP 2 /EP 4 receptors in HGF, respectively. Expression and function of EP 1 , EP 2 and EP 4 receptors in HGF may play critical roles in controlling inflammatory jreiodontal conditions.
Publication Year: 2002
Publication Date: 2002-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref', 'pubmed']
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Cited By Count: 39
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