Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2092430667', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.112.036801', 'title': 'Full Counting Statistics of Andreev Tunneling', 'display_name': 'Full Counting Statistics of Andreev Tunneling', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-01-23', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2092430667', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.112.036801', 'mag': '2092430667', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24484157'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.112.036801', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S24807848', 'display_name': 'Physical Review Letters', 'issn_l': '0031-9007', 'issn': ['0031-9007', '1079-7114', '1092-0145'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['arxiv', 'crossref', 'datacite', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1307.4176', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008861565', 'display_name': 'V. F. Maisi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4723-7091'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9927081', 'display_name': 'Aalto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/020hwjq30', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9927081']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I133698016', 'display_name': 'National metrology institute VTT MIKES', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0398a1r53', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I133698016', 'https://openalex.org/I4210089493', 'https://openalex.org/I87653560']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ville F. Maisi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Metrology and Accreditation (MIKES), P.O. Box 9, 02151 Espoo, Finland', 'Low Temperature Laboratory (OVLL), Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076 Aalto, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Low Temperature Laboratory (OVLL), Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076 Aalto, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9927081']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Metrology and Accreditation (MIKES), P.O. Box 9, 02151 Espoo, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I133698016']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044724454', 'display_name': 'Dania Kambly', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114457229', 'display_name': 'University of Geneva', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01swzsf04', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114457229']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dania Kambly', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departement de Physique Theorique, Universite de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departement de Physique Theorique, Universite de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114457229']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015879999', 'display_name': 'Christian Flindt', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-8400'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114457229', 'display_name': 'University of Geneva', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01swzsf04', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114457229']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Christian Flindt', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departement de Physique Theorique, Universite de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departement de Physique Theorique, Universite de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114457229']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046283458', 'display_name': 'J. P. Pekola', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0984-1829'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9927081', 'display_name': 'Aalto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/020hwjq30', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9927081']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jukka P. Pekola', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Low Temperature Laboratory (OVLL), Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076 Aalto, Finland.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Low Temperature Laboratory (OVLL), Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076 Aalto, Finland.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9927081']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3750, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3750, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.319, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 61, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999952, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '112', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10382', 'display_name': 'Quantum and electron transport phenomena', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10382', 'display_name': 'Quantum and electron transport phenomena', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11804', 'display_name': 'Quantum many-body systems', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10425', 'display_name': 'Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates', 'score': 0.9989, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/andreev-reflection', 'display_name': 'Andreev reflection', 'score': 0.80312276}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-counting', 'display_name': 'Electron counting', 'score': 0.57882696}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cooper-pair', 'display_name': 'Cooper pair', 'score': 0.49893594}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C184423171', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501629', 'display_name': 'Andreev reflection', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.80312276}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120398109', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175751', 'display_name': 'Quantum tunnelling', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7819574}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.74181575}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54101563', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124131', 'display_name': 'Superconductivity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63993955}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780740876', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5358168', 'display_name': 'Electron counting', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.57882696}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147120987', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225', 'display_name': 'Electron', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5223904}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188082385', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73792', 'display_name': 'Charge (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5215937}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26873012', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781', 'display_name': 'Condensed matter physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5076796}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94715708', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620057', 'display_name': 'Cooper pair', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.49893594}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780009758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172', 'display_name': 'Measure (data warehouse)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46851063}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36260986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2898112}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77088390', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513', 'display_name': 'Database', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 6, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.112.036801', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S24807848', 'display_name': 'Physical Review Letters', 'issn_l': '0031-9007', 'issn': ['0031-9007', '1079-7114', '1092-0145'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.4176', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1307.4176', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/31108', 'pdf_url': 'https://research.aalto.fi/files/13437137/PhysRevLett.112.036801.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401662', 'display_name': 'Aaltodoc (Aalto University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I9927081', 'host_organization_name': 'Aalto University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9927081'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Aalto University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/16123', 'pdf_url': 'https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi:443/bitstream/123456789/16123/1/A1_maisi_ville_f_2014.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401662', 'display_name': 'Aaltodoc (Aalto University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I9927081', 'host_organization_name': 'Aalto University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9927081'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Aalto University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24484157', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.1307.4176', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.4176', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1307.4176', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W2092430667'], 'referenced_works_count': 41, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1870912220', 'https://openalex.org/W1965467104', 'https://openalex.org/W1970415298', 'https://openalex.org/W1977548657', 'https://openalex.org/W1980430771', 'https://openalex.org/W1984404759', 'https://openalex.org/W1987339932', 'https://openalex.org/W1987436902', 'https://openalex.org/W1988220296', 'https://openalex.org/W1989815606', 'https://openalex.org/W1992656825', 'https://openalex.org/W2000559995', 'https://openalex.org/W2003378896', 'https://openalex.org/W2017469906', 'https://openalex.org/W2021540436', 'https://openalex.org/W2028637409', 'https://openalex.org/W2037824828', 'https://openalex.org/W2038674886', 'https://openalex.org/W2041422382', 'https://openalex.org/W2045387375', 'https://openalex.org/W2051013792', 'https://openalex.org/W2052091736', 'https://openalex.org/W2066430793', 'https://openalex.org/W2069418964', 'https://openalex.org/W2073830395', 'https://openalex.org/W2077677837', 'https://openalex.org/W2078703293', 'https://openalex.org/W2082702006', 'https://openalex.org/W2092198374', 'https://openalex.org/W2113629425', 'https://openalex.org/W2122920119', 'https://openalex.org/W2123946945', 'https://openalex.org/W2125574330', 'https://openalex.org/W2151627477', 'https://openalex.org/W2160695824', 'https://openalex.org/W2170934207', 'https://openalex.org/W2245207240', 'https://openalex.org/W2585473575', 'https://openalex.org/W3104641789', 'https://openalex.org/W3147767241', 'https://openalex.org/W4256466929'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W780631063', 'https://openalex.org/W4389116252', 'https://openalex.org/W4247926058', 'https://openalex.org/W4212810643', 'https://openalex.org/W3085365878', 'https://openalex.org/W2419252913', 'https://openalex.org/W2024351957', 'https://openalex.org/W2016731736', 'https://openalex.org/W2011388750', 'https://openalex.org/W2008391507'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'We': [0], 'employ': [1], 'a': [2, 30, 56], 'single-charge': [3], 'counting': [4, 10, 41], 'technique': [5], 'to': [6, 68], 'measure': [7], 'the': [8, 36, 53], 'full': [9, 40], 'statistics': [11, 42], 'of': [12, 44, 55, 63], 'Andreev': [13, 49, 64], 'events': [14, 65], 'in': [15, 35], 'which': [16], 'Cooper': [17], 'pairs': [18], 'are': [19, 25], 'either': [20], 'produced': [21], 'from': [22], 'electrons': [23], 'that': [24, 59], 'reflected': [26], 'as': [27], 'holes': [28], 'at': [29], 'superconductor--normal-metal': [31], 'interface': [32], 'or': [33], 'annihilated': [34], 'reverse': [37], 'process.': [38], 'The': [39], 'consists': [43], 'quiet': [45], 'periods': [46], 'with': [47], 'no': [48], 'processes,': [50], 'interrupted': [51], 'by': [52], 'tunneling': [54], 'single': [57], 'electron': [58], 'triggers': [60], 'an': [61], 'avalanche': [62], 'giving': [66], 'rise': [67], 'strongly': [69], 'super-Poissonian': [70], 'distributions.': [71]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2092430667', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-11T14:33:18.022906', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}