Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2091807989', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6386(199810/12)9:4<48::aid-cir8>3.0.co;2-w', 'title': 'The economics of information and the internet', 'display_name': 'The economics of information and the internet', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2091807989', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6386(199810/12)9:4<48::aid-cir8>3.0.co;2-w', 'mag': '2091807989'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6386(199810/12)9:4<48::aid-cir8>3.0.co;2-w', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S184882483', 'display_name': 'Competitive Intelligence Review', 'issn_l': '1058-0247', 'issn': ['1058-0247', '1520-6386'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5000904873', 'display_name': 'William C. Lisse', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210089612', 'display_name': 'United States Air Force', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/006gmme17', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330347796', 'https://openalex.org/I4210089612', 'https://openalex.org/I4210102105']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'William C. Lisse', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['U.S. Air Force Office of Special Investigations'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'U.S. Air Force Office of Special Investigations', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210089612']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5000904873'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210089612'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 6, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.774595, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 73, 'max': 75}, 'biblio': {'volume': '9', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '48', 'last_page': '55'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13204', 'display_name': 'Impact and Practices of Competitive Intelligence', 'score': 0.9751, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13204', 'display_name': 'Impact and Practices of Competitive Intelligence', 'score': 0.9751, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/value', 'display_name': 'Value (mathematics)', 'score': 0.58458084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-intelligence', 'display_name': 'Competitive Intelligence', 'score': 0.547627}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/information-management', 'display_name': 'Information Management', 'score': 0.536323}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-decision-making', 'display_name': 'Strategic Decision Making', 'score': 0.528104}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/market-intelligence', 'display_name': 'Market Intelligence', 'score': 0.525829}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/information-economics', 'display_name': 'Information economics', 'score': 0.47497457}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/value-of-information', 'display_name': 'Value of information', 'score': 0.47154787}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-value', 'display_name': 'Marginal value', 'score': 0.46006644}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-utility', 'display_name': 'Marginal utility', 'score': 0.4530085}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776291640', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517', 'display_name': 'Value (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58458084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C110875604', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75', 'display_name': 'The Internet', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54319906}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66887028', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382444', 'display_name': 'Marginal cost', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5259711}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90673727', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718', 'display_name': 'Product (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5166076}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5144294}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C103423482', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552515', 'display_name': 'Competitive intelligence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5109898}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779960059', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681', 'display_name': 'Overhead (engineering)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48167336}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119982944', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394203', 'display_name': 'Information economics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47497457}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C92424840', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7912772', 'display_name': 'Value of information', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47154787}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162853370', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809', 'display_name': 'Marketing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4661008}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C117410459', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1895266', 'display_name': 'Marginal value', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46006644}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138551086', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842271', 'display_name': 'Marginal utility', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4530085}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133462117', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239', 'display_name': 'Data collection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43726352}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127454912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942582', 'display_name': 'Cost–benefit analysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41240048}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.30320367}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.29049337}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.25248858}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119857082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539', 'display_name': 'Machine learning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466', 'display_name': 'World Wide Web', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144237770', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534', 'display_name': 'Mathematical economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6386(199810/12)9:4<48::aid-cir8>3.0.co;2-w', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S184882483', 'display_name': 'Competitive Intelligence Review', 'issn_l': '1058-0247', 'issn': ['1058-0247', '1520-6386'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.44, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9', 'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3031716830', 'https://openalex.org/W2389079633', 'https://openalex.org/W2382266774', 'https://openalex.org/W2257503052', 'https://openalex.org/W2169169488', 'https://openalex.org/W2050181865', 'https://openalex.org/W1993226559', 'https://openalex.org/W1518015368', 'https://openalex.org/W1516148980', 'https://openalex.org/W1513090133'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'To': [0], 'provide': [1], 'firms': [2], 'with': [3], 'the': [4, 14, 42, 57, 68, 92, 110, 119], 'maximum': [5], 'value,': [6], 'competitive': [7], 'intelligence': [8], 'professionals': [9], 'must': [10, 94], 'understand': [11], 'and': [12, 22, 31, 51, 90, 116], 'identify': [13], 'costs': [15], 'involved': [16], 'in': [17], 'information': [18, 33, 49], 'acquisition,': [19], 'both': [20], 'quantitative': [21], 'qualitative,': [23], 'as': [24, 26, 37], 'well': [25], 'specific': [27], 'benefits.': [28, 103], 'CI': [29], 'overhead,': [30], 'new': [32], 'processing': [34], 'systems': [35], 'such': [36], 'data': [38, 64, 82], 'mining,': [39], 'contribute': [40], 'to': [41, 67, 78, 108], 'overall': [43], 'costs.': [44], 'Like': [45], 'other': [46], 'allocation': [47], 'decisions,': [48], 'collection': [50], 'analysis': [52], 'efforts': [53], 'should': [54, 106, 122], 'continue': [55], 'until': [56, 85], 'marginal': [58, 69], 'cost': [59], 'of': [60, 63, 71, 113], 'each': [61], 'piece': [62], 'is': [65, 76], 'equal': [66], 'benefit': [70], 'that': [72, 125], 'data.': [73], 'Since': [74], 'it': [75, 86], 'impossible': [77], 'know': [79], 'how': [80], 'useful': [81], 'will': [83], 'be': [84, 95, 107, 123], 'has': [87], 'been': [88], 'collected': [89], 'analyzed,': [91], 'value': [93], 'evaluated': [96], 'based': [97], 'on': [98], 'its': [99], 'expected': [100], 'or': [101], 'anticipated': [102], 'The': [104], 'goal': [105], 'answer': [109], 'priority': [111], 'needs': [112], 'corporate': [114], 'managers': [115], 'strategic': [117], 'planners;': [118], 'end': [120], 'product': [121], 'decisions': [124], 'cause': [126], 'actions.': [127], '©': [128], '1998': [129], 'John': [130], 'Wiley': [131], '&': [132], 'Sons,': [133], 'Inc.': [134]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2091807989', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T06:46:05.133117', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}