Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2091695392', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040891', 'title': 'Toward empirical behavior laws: I. Positive reinforcement.', 'display_name': 'Toward empirical behavior laws: I. Positive reinforcement.', 'publication_year': 1959, 'publication_date': '1959-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2091695392', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040891', 'mag': '2091695392', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13668003'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040891', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35223124', 'display_name': 'Psychological Review', 'issn_l': '0033-295X', 'issn': ['0033-295X', '1939-1471'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320262', 'host_organization_name': 'American Psychological Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320262'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Psychological Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076052091', 'display_name': 'David Premack', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'David Premack', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5076052091'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.2, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 569, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.994326, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '66', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '219', 'last_page': '233'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10826', 'display_name': 'Behavioral and Psychological Studies', 'score': 0.9292, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3204', 'display_name': 'Developmental and Educational Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10826', 'display_name': 'Behavioral and Psychological Studies', 'score': 0.9292, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3204', 'display_name': 'Developmental and Educational Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11577', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Abilities and Testing', 'score': 0.9247, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3205', 'display_name': 'Experimental and Cognitive Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67203356', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905', 'display_name': 'Reinforcement', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.75597227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.58954054}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77805123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272', 'display_name': 'Social psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43635112}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180747234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373', 'display_name': 'Cognitive psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38300174}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D007858', 'descriptor_name': 'Learning', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012054', 'descriptor_name': 'Reinforcement, Psychology', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040891', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35223124', 'display_name': 'Psychological Review', 'issn_l': '0033-295X', 'issn': ['0033-295X', '1939-1471'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320262', 'host_organization_name': 'American Psychological Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320262'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Psychological Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13668003', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 11, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1967083915', 'https://openalex.org/W2021211956', 'https://openalex.org/W2025035797', 'https://openalex.org/W2027388956', 'https://openalex.org/W2049301036', 'https://openalex.org/W2084581379', 'https://openalex.org/W2097224458', 'https://openalex.org/W2109645528', 'https://openalex.org/W2321460163', 'https://openalex.org/W2331490268', 'https://openalex.org/W2566786139'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4310083477', 'https://openalex.org/W2920061524', 'https://openalex.org/W2899084033', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2107890255', 'https://openalex.org/W2106552856', 'https://openalex.org/W2089013912', 'https://openalex.org/W2076061571', 'https://openalex.org/W1981237115', 'https://openalex.org/W1977959518'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2091695392', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 11}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-30T13:20:08.460907', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}