Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2090999958', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2197523', 'title': 'Experimental Characterization of Wheel-Rail Contact Patch Evolution', 'display_name': 'Experimental Characterization of Wheel-Rail Contact Patch Evolution', 'publication_year': 2006, 'publication_date': '2006-03-21', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2090999958', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2197523', 'mag': '2090999958'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2197523', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210169712', 'display_name': 'Journal of Tribology', 'issn_l': '0742-4787', 'issn': ['0742-4787', '1528-8897'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316053', 'host_organization_name': 'ASM International', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316053'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ASM International'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/9268/2/JTQ000493%5B1%5D.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022158271', 'display_name': 'Matthew Marshall', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-4626'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I91136226', 'display_name': 'University of Sheffield', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05krs5044', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. B. Marshall', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056574965', 'display_name': 'Roger Lewis', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4300-0540'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I91136226', 'display_name': 'University of Sheffield', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05krs5044', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Lewis', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024827533', 'display_name': 'R.S. Dwyer-Joyce', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-2708'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I91136226', 'display_name': 'University of Sheffield', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05krs5044', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. S. Dwyer-Joyce', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111495387', 'display_name': 'Ulf Olofsson', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147696', 'display_name': 'Tekniska Högskolans Studentkår', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0519hrc61', 'country_code': 'SE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147696']}], 'countries': ['SE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'U. Olofsson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Machine Design, KTH, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Machine Design, KTH, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147696']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040535187', 'display_name': 'Sebastian Björklund', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6254-8539'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147696', 'display_name': 'Tekniska Högskolans Studentkår', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0519hrc61', 'country_code': 'SE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147696']}], 'countries': ['SE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Björklund', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Machine Design, KTH, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Machine Design, KTH, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147696']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 6.565, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 73, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.951791, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '128', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '493', 'last_page': '504'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10842', 'display_name': 'Railway Engineering and Dynamics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10842', 'display_name': 'Railway Engineering and Dynamics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11799', 'display_name': 'Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2211', 'display_name': 'Mechanics of Materials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12252', 'display_name': 'Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2211', 'display_name': 'Mechanics of Materials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-patch', 'display_name': 'Contact patch', 'score': 0.7050962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-mechanics', 'display_name': 'Contact Mechanics', 'score': 0.6710926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-area', 'display_name': 'Contact area', 'score': 0.6150192}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/quasistatic-process', 'display_name': 'Quasistatic process', 'score': 0.55171716}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-force', 'display_name': 'Contact force', 'score': 0.5234289}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.72844976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41708705', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2139959', 'display_name': 'Contact patch', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7050962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779372316', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057', 'display_name': 'Stiffness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.68922985}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C179909247', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783143', 'display_name': 'Contact mechanics', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6710926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33373654', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164821', 'display_name': 'Contact area', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6150192}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81288441', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125', 'display_name': 'Ultrasonic sensor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5569774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4708273', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900222', 'display_name': 'Quasistatic process', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.55171716}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71039073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3439090', 'display_name': 'Surface finish', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52484465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81302111', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916417', 'display_name': 'Contact force', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5234289}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107365816', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114817', 'display_name': 'Surface roughness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50705147}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C21036866', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767', 'display_name': 'Stress (linguistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46499506}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42681873}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66938386', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538', 'display_name': 'Structural engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4047193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24890656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811', 'display_name': 'Acoustics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37471652}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C135628077', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184', 'display_name': 'Finite element method', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.26660576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155296804', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30329684', 'display_name': 'Tread', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.25838172}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19536296}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C176933379', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131877', 'display_name': 'Natural rubber', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2197523', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210169712', 'display_name': 'Journal of Tribology', 'issn_l': '0742-4787', 'issn': ['0742-4787', '1528-8897'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316053', 'host_organization_name': 'ASM International', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316053'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ASM International'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/9268/2/JTQ000493%5B1%5D.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/9268/2/JTQ000493%5B1%5D.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196101', 'display_name': 'White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130828816', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Leeds', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130828816'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Leeds'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/9268/2/JTQ000493%5B1%5D.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/9268/2/JTQ000493%5B1%5D.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196101', 'display_name': 'White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130828816', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Leeds', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130828816'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Leeds'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 20, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1505798421', 'https://openalex.org/W1507046447', 'https://openalex.org/W1546762838', 'https://openalex.org/W179372779', 'https://openalex.org/W1979479376', 'https://openalex.org/W1980754019', 'https://openalex.org/W2001342607', 'https://openalex.org/W2020141257', 'https://openalex.org/W2046599964', 'https://openalex.org/W2055192619', 'https://openalex.org/W2069990337', 'https://openalex.org/W2078995590', 'https://openalex.org/W2092962161', 'https://openalex.org/W2121263659', 'https://openalex.org/W2143922509', 'https://openalex.org/W2171789101', 'https://openalex.org/W3099726494', 'https://openalex.org/W3207774407', 'https://openalex.org/W4299809655', 'https://openalex.org/W4388374270'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W851819269', 'https://openalex.org/W4224243538', 'https://openalex.org/W3132290768', 'https://openalex.org/W2995155574', 'https://openalex.org/W2090999958', 'https://openalex.org/W2084176448', 'https://openalex.org/W2076123197', 'https://openalex.org/W2064219101', 'https://openalex.org/W2019010422', 'https://openalex.org/W1992938112'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 55, 77, 225], 'contact': [1, 9, 39, 53, 95, 143, 177, 194, 198, 208, 237, 241, 254, 259], 'area': [2], 'and': [3, 25, 42, 73, 108, 126, 169, 173, 188, 230, 239, 249, 256], 'pressure': [4, 96, 119, 178], 'distribution': [5, 69], 'in': [6, 14, 70, 234, 251], 'a': [7, 49, 80, 91, 155, 235], 'wheel/rail': [8, 81, 146], 'is': [10, 97, 101, 120, 124, 131], 'essential': [11], 'information': [12], 'required': [13], 'any': [15], 'fatigue': [16], 'or': [17, 30, 33], 'wear': [18, 32], 'calculations': [19], 'to': [20, 48, 61, 64, 83, 139, 182, 200], 'determine': [21, 140], 'design': [22], 'life,': [23], 're-grinding,': [24], 'maintenance': [26], 'schedules.': [27], 'As': [28], 'wheel': [29, 172], 'rail': [31, 174], 'surface': [34, 222], 'damage': [35], 'takes': [36], 'place': [37], 'the': [38, 52, 67, 94, 99, 110, 118, 129, 207, 210, 215], 'patch': [40, 238], 'size': [41], 'shape': [43], 'will': [44], 'change.': [45], 'This': [46], 'leads': [47], 'redistribution': [50], 'of': [51, 57, 79, 112, 142], 'stresses.': [54], 'aim': [56], 'this': [58], 'work': [59], 'was': [60, 137, 151], 'use': [62], 'ultrasound': [63, 130], 'nondestructively': [65], 'quantify': [66], 'stress': [68, 216], 'new,': [71], 'worn,': [72, 168], 'damaged': [74, 171, 244], 'wheel-rail': [75], 'contacts.': [76], 'response': [78], 'interface': [82, 100], 'an': [84, 113], 'ultrasonic': [85, 114, 147], 'wave': [86], 'can': [87], 'be': [88], 'modeled': [89], 'as': [90, 218], 'spring.': [92], 'If': [93, 117], 'high': [98, 257], 'very': [102], 'stiff,': [103], 'with': [104], 'few': [105], 'air': [106], 'gaps,': [107], 'allows': [109], 'transmission': [111], 'sound': [115], 'wave.': [116], 'low,': [121], 'interfacial': [122], 'stiffness': [123, 144], 'lower': [125, 240], 'almost': [127], 'all': [128], 'reflected.': [132], 'A': [133], 'quasistatic': [134], 'spring': [135], 'model': [136], 'used': [138], 'maps': [141], 'from': [145, 166], 'reflection': [148], 'data.': [149], 'Pressure': [150], 'then': [152], 'determined': [153, 184], 'using': [154, 185], 'parallel': [156], 'calibration': [157], 'experiment.': [158], 'Three': [159], 'different': [160], 'contacts': [161], 'were': [162, 228, 246], 'investigated;': [163], 'those': [164, 183], 'resulting': [165, 233], 'unused,': [167], 'sand': [170], 'specimens.': [175], 'Measured': [176], 'distributions': [179], 'are': [180], 'compared': [181], 'elastic': [186, 202], 'analytical': [187], 'numerical': [189, 211], 'elastic-plastic': [190], 'solutions.': [191, 204], 'Unused': [192], 'as-machined': [193], 'surfaces': [195, 227, 245], 'had': [196], 'similar': [197], 'areas': [199], 'predicted': [201], 'Hertzian': [203], 'However,': [205], 'within': [206], 'patch,': [209], 'models': [212], 'better': [213], 'reproduced': [214], 'distribution,': [217], 'they': [219], 'incorporated': [220], 'real': [221], 'roughness': [223], 'effects.': [224], 'worn': [226], 'smoother': [229], 'more': [231], 'conformal,': [232], 'larger': [236], 'stress.': [242, 260], 'Sand': [243], 'extremely': [247], 'rough': [248], 'resulted': [250], 'highly': [252], 'fragmented': [253], 'regions': [255], 'local': [258]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2090999958', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T22:10:08.589680', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}