Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2090660414', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2002.6704', 'title': 'Efficiency of de Novo Centromere Formation in Human Artificial Chromosomes', 'display_name': 'Efficiency of de Novo Centromere Formation in Human Artificial Chromosomes', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2090660414', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2002.6704', 'mag': '2090660414', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11863359'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2002.6704', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S146035217', 'display_name': 'Genomics', 'issn_l': '0888-7543', 'issn': ['0888-7543', '1089-8646'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015707587', 'display_name': 'José Enrique Mejía', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-8870'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'display_name': 'MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01q496a73', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087105', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I90344618']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'display_name': 'University of Oxford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'José E Mejı́a', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I40120149']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016557941', 'display_name': 'Anas M. Alazami', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5625-5585'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'display_name': 'MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01q496a73', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087105', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I90344618']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'display_name': 'University of Oxford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anas Alazami', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I40120149']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067240012', 'display_name': 'Adrian Willmott', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'display_name': 'MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01q496a73', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087105', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I90344618']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'display_name': 'University of Oxford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Adrian Willmott', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I40120149']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5003910166', 'display_name': 'P Marschall', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'display_name': 'MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01q496a73', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087105', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I90344618']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'display_name': 'University of Oxford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter Marschall', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I40120149']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080529453', 'display_name': 'Elaine R. Levy', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1336263701', 'display_name': 'Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01rjnta51', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1336263701', 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'https://openalex.org/I87048295']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'display_name': 'University of Oxford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Elaine Levy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1336263701', 'https://openalex.org/I40120149']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5047873642', 'display_name': 'William C. Earnshaw', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7191-0621'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98677209', 'display_name': 'University of Edinburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01nrxwf90', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98677209']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'William C Earnshaw', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JR, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JR, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I98677209']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034180687', 'display_name': 'Zoia Larin', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'display_name': 'MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01q496a73', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087105', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I90344618']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'display_name': 'University of Oxford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zoia Larin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110594', 'https://openalex.org/I40120149']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2410, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2410, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 12.728, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 74, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.933579, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 94, 'max': 95}, 'biblio': {'volume': '79', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '297', 'last_page': '304'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10434', 'display_name': 'Genome Evolution and Polyploidy in Plants', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10434', 'display_name': 'Genome Evolution and Polyploidy in Plants', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10878', 'display_name': 'Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10494', 'display_name': 'Viral RNA Silencing and Plant Immunity', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/human-artificial-chromosome', 'display_name': 'Human artificial chromosome', 'score': 0.9178071}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/chromosome-duplication', 'display_name': 'Chromosome Duplication', 'score': 0.47442}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132144397', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2966744', 'display_name': 'Human artificial chromosome', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9178071}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.82430875}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C63491729', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14762596', 'display_name': 'Centromere', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6004421}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.56463075}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552990157', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430', 'display_name': 'DNA', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5188559}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C30481170', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748', 'display_name': 'Chromosome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.49715474}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45709673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C92087593', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427389', 'display_name': 'Vector (molecular biology)', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.44506383}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84597430', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106227', 'display_name': 'Locus (genetics)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43761507}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4190693}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40767141', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697', 'display_name': 'Recombinant DNA', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002503', 'descriptor_name': 'Centromere', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D022222', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Artificial, Human', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002886', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014998', 'descriptor_name': 'Y Chromosome', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002460', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Line', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002503', 'descriptor_name': 'Centromere', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D022222', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Artificial, Human', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002886', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005822', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Vectors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007041', 'descriptor_name': 'Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007041', 'descriptor_name': 'Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014998', 'descriptor_name': 'Y Chromosome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2002.6704', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S146035217', 'display_name': 'Genomics', 'issn_l': '0888-7543', 'issn': ['0888-7543', '1089-8646'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11863359', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 35, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1541417296', 'https://openalex.org/W1545110015', 'https://openalex.org/W1770659658', 'https://openalex.org/W1967317736', 'https://openalex.org/W1972485008', 'https://openalex.org/W1973953038', 'https://openalex.org/W1986395573', 'https://openalex.org/W1993002815', 'https://openalex.org/W1995004188', 'https://openalex.org/W1999837153', 'https://openalex.org/W2009362775', 'https://openalex.org/W2010655741', 'https://openalex.org/W2014200281', 'https://openalex.org/W2023972660', 'https://openalex.org/W2033338722', 'https://openalex.org/W2036627966', 'https://openalex.org/W2043363977', 'https://openalex.org/W2043542212', 'https://openalex.org/W2044403261', 'https://openalex.org/W2050252789', 'https://openalex.org/W2066884699', 'https://openalex.org/W2069089403', 'https://openalex.org/W2077003408', 'https://openalex.org/W2091035877', 'https://openalex.org/W2091477263', 'https://openalex.org/W2093673239', 'https://openalex.org/W2129876916', 'https://openalex.org/W2135159992', 'https://openalex.org/W2143084318', 'https://openalex.org/W2145921551', 'https://openalex.org/W2157027464', 'https://openalex.org/W2163542193', 'https://openalex.org/W2318761112', 'https://openalex.org/W4240624574', 'https://openalex.org/W4388243125'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4386219590', 'https://openalex.org/W315443641', 'https://openalex.org/W3014208429', 'https://openalex.org/W2731919256', 'https://openalex.org/W2157027464', 'https://openalex.org/W2136841854', 'https://openalex.org/W2105915717', 'https://openalex.org/W2014200281', 'https://openalex.org/W1908751848', 'https://openalex.org/W142844813'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0], 'a': [1, 92], 'comparative': [2], 'study,': [3], 'we': [4], 'show': [5], 'that': [6, 86], 'human': [7, 30], 'artificial': [8, 67], 'chromosome': [9, 18, 24, 41], '(HAC)': [10], 'vectors': [11, 65, 99], 'based': [12], 'on': [13], 'α-satellite': [14], '(alphoid)': [15], 'DNA': [16, 46], 'from': [17], '17': [19, 42], 'but': [20], 'not': [21], 'the': [22, 56, 72, 81, 134], 'Y': [23, 44], 'regularly': [25], 'form': [26], 'HACs': [27, 103, 120], 'in': [28, 69], 'HT1080': [29, 73], 'cells.': [31], 'We': [32], 'constructed': [33], 'four': [34], 'structurally': [35], 'similar': [36], 'HAC': [37, 64, 83, 98, 138], 'vectors,': [38, 84], 'two': [39, 50], 'with': [40, 51, 77, 113, 126], 'or': [43, 53, 116], 'alphoid': [45, 108], '(17α,': [47], 'Yα)': [48], 'and': [49, 55, 129], '17α': [52, 63, 97, 127], 'Yα': [54, 82, 87], 'hypoxanthine': [57], 'guanine': [58], 'phosphoribosyltransferase': [59], 'locus': [60], '(HPRT1).': [61], 'The': [62, 96], 'generated': [66], 'minichromosomes': [68], '32–79%': [70], 'of': [71, 107, 136], 'clones': [74], 'screened,': [75], 'compared': [76], 'only': [78], '∼4%': [79], 'for': [80], 'indicating': [85], 'is': [88], 'inefficient': [89], 'at': [90], 'forming': [91], 'de': [93], 'novo': [94], 'centromere.': [95], 'produced': [100], 'megabase-sized,': [101], 'circular': [102], 'containing': [104], 'multiple': [105], 'copies': [106], 'fragments': [109], '(60–250': [110], 'kb)': [111], 'interspersed': [112], 'either': [114], 'vector': [115], 'HPRT1': [117], 'DNA.The': [118], '17α-HPRT1': [119], 'were': [121], 'less': [122], 'stable': [123], 'than': [124], 'those': [125], 'only,': [128], 'these': [130], 'results': [131], 'may': [132], 'influence': [133], 'design': [135], 'new': [137], 'gene': [139], 'transfer': [140], 'vectors.': [141]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2090660414', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-14T04:05:02.881286', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}