Title: The role of user models in cooperative interactive systems
Abstract: International Journal of Intelligent SystemsVolume 4, Issue 1 p. 81-112 Article The role of user models in cooperative interactive systems Robert Kass, Robert Kass Center for Machine Intelligence, Ann Arbor, MlSearch for more papers by this authorTim Finin, Tim Finin Paoli Research Center, Unisys Corporation, Paoli, PASearch for more papers by this author Robert Kass, Robert Kass Center for Machine Intelligence, Ann Arbor, MlSearch for more papers by this authorTim Finin, Tim Finin Paoli Research Center, Unisys Corporation, Paoli, PASearch for more papers by this author First published: Spring 1989 https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550040106Citations: 25AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract For interactive systems to communicate in a cooperative manner, they must have knowledge about their users. This article explores the role of user models in such systems, with the goal of identifying when and how user models may be useful in a cooperative interactive system. User models are classified by the types of knowledge they contain, several user modelling characteristics that serve as dimension for an additional classification of user models are presented, and user model representations are discussed. These topics help to characterize the space of user modelling in cooperative interactive systems-addressing how they can be used-but do not fully address when it is appropriate to include a user model in an interactive system. Thus, a set of design considerations for user models is presented, while a final example illustrates how these topics influence the user model for a hypothetical investment consulting system. References 1 Elaine Rich, "Users as individuals: individualizing user models," International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 18: 199–214 (1983). 2 J. W. Wallis and Edward H. Shortliffe, " Customizing Explanations Using Causal Knowledge," In Rule-Based Expert Systems, Bruce G. Buchanan and Edward H. 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