Title: Quantifying the resource of sharing a reference frame
Abstract: We define a quantity called a refbit, which allows one to quantify the resource of sharing a reference frame in quantum communication protocols. By considering both asymptotic and nonasymptotic protocols we find relations between refbits and other communication resources. We also consider the same resources in encoded, reference-frame-independent, form. This allows one to rephrase and unify previous work on phase references, reference frames, and superselection rules.