Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2087985833', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80084-7', 'title': 'Direct Evidence of a Role for Heterochromatin in Meiotic Chromosome Segregation', 'display_name': 'Direct Evidence of a Role for Heterochromatin in Meiotic Chromosome Segregation', 'publication_year': 1996, 'publication_date': '1996-07-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2087985833', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80084-7', 'mag': '2087985833', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8689681'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80084-7', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.cell.com/article/S0092867400800847/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110447773', 'display_name': 'Cell', 'issn_l': '0092-8674', 'issn': ['0092-8674', '1097-4172'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315673', 'host_organization_name': 'Cell Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'https://openalex.org/P4310315673'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV', 'Cell Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'http://www.cell.com/article/S0092867400800847/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5013509513', 'display_name': 'Abby F. Dernburg', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8037-1079'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Abby F. Dernburg', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California 94143-0554 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California 94143-0554 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5033698515', 'display_name': 'John W. Sedat', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'John W. Sedat', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California 94143-0554 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California 94143-0554 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021108399', 'display_name': 'R. Scott Hawley', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6478-0494'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84218800', 'display_name': 'University of California, Davis', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05rrcem69', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84218800']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R.Scott Hawley', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Genetics, Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Genetics, Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84218800']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 10100, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 10100, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 10100, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 10100, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 6.953, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 381, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999773, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '86', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '135', 'last_page': '146'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10492', 'display_name': 'Regulation and Function of Microtubules in Cell Division', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10492', 'display_name': 'Regulation and Function of Microtubules in Cell Division', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10123', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of DNA Damage Response', 'score': 0.9982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10222', 'display_name': 'Regulation of Chromatin Structure and Function', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/synapsis', 'display_name': 'Synapsis', 'score': 0.93935883}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/chiasma', 'display_name': 'Chiasma', 'score': 0.8100141}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/euchromatin', 'display_name': 'Euchromatin', 'score': 0.6854537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bivalent', 'display_name': 'Bivalent (engine)', 'score': 0.49857903}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptonemal-complex', 'display_name': 'Synaptonemal complex', 'score': 0.48909432}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleosome-positioning', 'display_name': 'Nucleosome Positioning', 'score': 0.45516}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C201437064', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3175967', 'display_name': 'Synapsis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.93935883}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.90558475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C64894306', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849622', 'display_name': 'Homologous chromosome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8399261}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C125832826', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2065460', 'display_name': 'Chiasma', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8100141}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C148196450', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21100485', 'display_name': 'Meiosis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7924048}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C103435993', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837783', 'display_name': 'Heterochromatin', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7374759}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7129029}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100924687', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910324', 'display_name': 'Euchromatin', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6854537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45413362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6013254', 'display_name': 'Prophase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6029941}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776620830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4919211', 'display_name': 'Bivalent (engine)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.49857903}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54059333', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2064069', 'display_name': 'Synaptonemal complex', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.48909432}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70278784', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574427', 'display_name': 'Metaphase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.42282182}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C30481170', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748', 'display_name': 'Chromosome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41191158}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.07860291}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C544153396', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426', 'display_name': 'Metal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D006570', 'descriptor_name': 'Heterochromatin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008540', 'descriptor_name': 'Meiosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014960', 'descriptor_name': 'X Chromosome', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002503', 'descriptor_name': 'Centromere', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002503', 'descriptor_name': 'Centromere', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002843', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromatin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002843', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromatin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004330', 'descriptor_name': 'Drosophila', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D022041', 'descriptor_name': 'Euchromatin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006570', 'descriptor_name': 'Heterochromatin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017403', 'descriptor_name': 'In Situ Hybridization', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008540', 'descriptor_name': 'Meiosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008856', 'descriptor_name': 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009154', 'descriptor_name': 'Mutation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009154', 'descriptor_name': 'Mutation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009865', 'descriptor_name': 'Oocytes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009865', 'descriptor_name': 'Oocytes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011418', 'descriptor_name': 'Prophase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011418', 'descriptor_name': 'Prophase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014960', 'descriptor_name': 'X Chromosome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014960', 'descriptor_name': 'X Chromosome', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000648', 'qualifier_name': 'ultrastructure', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80084-7', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.cell.com/article/S0092867400800847/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110447773', 'display_name': 'Cell', 'issn_l': '0092-8674', 'issn': ['0092-8674', '1097-4172'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315673', 'host_organization_name': 'Cell Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'https://openalex.org/P4310315673'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV', 'Cell Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8689681', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80084-7', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.cell.com/article/S0092867400800847/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110447773', 'display_name': 'Cell', 'issn_l': '0092-8674', 'issn': ['0092-8674', '1097-4172'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315673', 'host_organization_name': 'Cell Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'https://openalex.org/P4310315673'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV', 'Cell Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 52, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1511582654', 'https://openalex.org/W1545962441', 'https://openalex.org/W1551315794', 'https://openalex.org/W1583804290', 'https://openalex.org/W1605923556', 'https://openalex.org/W1694256054', 'https://openalex.org/W1867101489', 'https://openalex.org/W1906789565', 'https://openalex.org/W1911150297', 'https://openalex.org/W1954382257', 'https://openalex.org/W1976121220', 'https://openalex.org/W1994776594', 'https://openalex.org/W1999399127', 'https://openalex.org/W2000338094', 'https://openalex.org/W2005210974', 'https://openalex.org/W2026033647', 'https://openalex.org/W2026906513', 'https://openalex.org/W2028960428', 'https://openalex.org/W2032297400', 'https://openalex.org/W2038837735', 'https://openalex.org/W2047636749', 'https://openalex.org/W2058338279', 'https://openalex.org/W2067765717', 'https://openalex.org/W2067918695', 'https://openalex.org/W2070944436', 'https://openalex.org/W2071578071', 'https://openalex.org/W2073882445', 'https://openalex.org/W2078852136', 'https://openalex.org/W2091373076', 'https://openalex.org/W2094247207', 'https://openalex.org/W2095191110', 'https://openalex.org/W2100082977', 'https://openalex.org/W2124225756', 'https://openalex.org/W2129494790', 'https://openalex.org/W2137027357', 'https://openalex.org/W2148690960', 'https://openalex.org/W2149636652', 'https://openalex.org/W2157002105', 'https://openalex.org/W2158169016', 'https://openalex.org/W2160969163', 'https://openalex.org/W2162543361', 'https://openalex.org/W2165068796', 'https://openalex.org/W2179227716', 'https://openalex.org/W2186384090', 'https://openalex.org/W2219114457', 'https://openalex.org/W2295355433', 'https://openalex.org/W2319532902', 'https://openalex.org/W2339284245', 'https://openalex.org/W2473182580', 'https://openalex.org/W569951484', 'https://openalex.org/W75871853', 'https://openalex.org/W8936523'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4221137677', 'https://openalex.org/W4213170036', 'https://openalex.org/W3141348665', 'https://openalex.org/W2472632686', 'https://openalex.org/W2399979170', 'https://openalex.org/W2326690187', 'https://openalex.org/W2154224472', 'https://openalex.org/W2092745930', 'https://openalex.org/W1984134923', 'https://openalex.org/W1512190746'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'<h2>Abstract</h2>': [0], 'We': [1], 'have': [2], 'investigated': [3], 'the': [4, 40, 68, 115], 'mechanism': [5], 'that': [6, 39, 59, 97], 'enables': [7], 'achiasmate': [8, 101], 'chromosomes': [9, 30, 44, 74, 118], 'to': [10, 34, 64, 81], 'segregate': [11], 'from': [12], 'each': [13], 'other': [14], 'at': [15], 'meiosis': [16], 'I': [17, 51], 'in': [18, 67, 113], 'D.': [19], 'melanogaster': [20], 'oocytes.': [21], 'Using': [22], 'novel': [23], 'cytological': [24], 'methods,': [25], 'we': [26], 'asked': [27], 'whether': [28, 54], 'nonexchange': [29], 'are': [31], 'paired': [32], 'prior': [33, 80], 'disjunction.': [35, 82], 'Our': [36], 'results': [37], 'show': [38], 'heterochromatin': [41, 112], 'of': [42, 53, 70, 117], 'homologous': [43, 60, 98], 'remains': [45], 'associated': [46], 'throughout': [47, 89], 'prophase': [48], 'until': [49], 'metaphase': [50], 'regardless': [52], 'they': [55], 'undergo': [56], 'exchange,': [57], 'suggesting': [58], 'recognition': [61], 'can': [62], 'lead': [63], 'segregation': [65], 'even': [66], 'absence': [69], 'chiasmata.': [71], 'However,': [72], 'partner': [73], 'lacking': [75], 'homology': [76], 'do': [77], 'not': [78, 87], 'pair': [79], 'Furthermore,': [83], 'euchromatic': [84], 'synapsis': [85], 'is': [86], 'maintained': [88], 'prophase.': [90], 'These': [91], 'observations': [92], 'provide': [93], 'a': [94, 109], 'physical': [95], 'demonstration': [96], 'and': [99, 107], 'heterologous': [100], 'segregations': [102], 'occur': [103], 'by': [104], 'different': [105], 'mechanisms': [106], 'establish': [108], 'role': [110], 'for': [111], 'maintaining': [114], 'alignment': [116], 'during': [119], 'meiosis.': [120]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2087985833', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 15}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-13T04:06:04.050187', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}