Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2087693488', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0b013e3182a1ddef', 'title': 'Does Lumbar Disk Degeneration Increase Segmental Mobility In Vivo?', 'display_name': 'Does Lumbar Disk Degeneration Increase Segmental Mobility In Vivo?', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-02-05', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2087693488', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0b013e3182a1ddef', 'mag': '2087693488', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24795947'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0b013e3182a1ddef', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S26391302', 'display_name': 'Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques', 'issn_l': '1536-0652', 'issn': ['1536-0652', '1539-2465'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100405640', 'display_name': 'Sang Hun Lee', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9538-446X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I35928602', 'display_name': 'Kyung Hee University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01zqcg218', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I35928602']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sang-Hun Lee', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Kyung Hee University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Kyung Hee University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I35928602']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5047422743', 'display_name': 'Scott D. Daffner', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5312-0899'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I12097938', 'display_name': 'West Virginia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/011vxgd24', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I12097938']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Scott D. Daffner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['West Virginia University ,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'West Virginia University ,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I12097938']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108079543', 'display_name': 'Jeffrey C. Wang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161318765', 'display_name': 'University of California, Los Angeles', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/046rm7j60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jeffrey C. Wang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of California at Los Angeles**'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California at Los Angeles**', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.136, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 16, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.855001, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '27', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '111', 'last_page': '116'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10238', 'display_name': 'Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2734', 'display_name': 'Pathology and Forensic Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10238', 'display_name': 'Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2734', 'display_name': 'Pathology and Forensic Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10084', 'display_name': 'Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14510', 'display_name': 'Medical Imaging and Analysis', 'score': 0.9954, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cadaveric-spasm', 'display_name': 'Cadaveric spasm', 'score': 0.821423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/degeneration', 'display_name': 'Degeneration (medical)', 'score': 0.7181935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-bearing', 'display_name': 'Weight-bearing', 'score': 0.43761227}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8784398}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44575665', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405', 'display_name': 'Lumbar', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.85106325}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175696284', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986524', 'display_name': 'Cadaveric spasm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.821423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779354088', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15467261', 'display_name': 'Degeneration (medical)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7181935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60465272', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494478', 'display_name': 'Range of motion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6649915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143409427', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238', 'display_name': 'Magnetic resonance imaging', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57953775}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48685282}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780204347', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126173', 'display_name': 'Weight-bearing', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43761227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2989005', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963', 'display_name': 'Nuclear medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3611632}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126838900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604', 'display_name': 'Radiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28527164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15266144}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D055959', 'descriptor_name': 'Intervertebral Disc Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055959', 'descriptor_name': 'Intervertebral Disc Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008159', 'descriptor_name': 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008159', 'descriptor_name': 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008279', 'descriptor_name': 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009038', 'descriptor_name': 'Motion', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016059', 'descriptor_name': 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001696', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055959', 'descriptor_name': 'Intervertebral Disc Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008159', 'descriptor_name': 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055815', 'descriptor_name': 'Young Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0b013e3182a1ddef', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S26391302', 'display_name': 'Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques', 'issn_l': '1536-0652', 'issn': ['1536-0652', '1539-2465'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24795947', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 7, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1984683772', 'https://openalex.org/W2025528234', 'https://openalex.org/W2046543724', 'https://openalex.org/W2082763973', 'https://openalex.org/W2086839429', 'https://openalex.org/W2331206592', 'https://openalex.org/W2417148710'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4241190861', 'https://openalex.org/W2989817448', 'https://openalex.org/W2399658651', 'https://openalex.org/W2365114912', 'https://openalex.org/W2353849487', 'https://openalex.org/W2321427832', 'https://openalex.org/W2036277705', 'https://openalex.org/W1999262506', 'https://openalex.org/W1992838326', 'https://openalex.org/W1979602586'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'is': [1], 'a': [2], 'retrospective': [3], 'analysis': [4], 'of': [5, 15, 37, 54, 68, 80, 101, 106, 143, 218, 227, 257, 271], 'lumbar': [6, 21, 38, 42, 58, 139, 151, 158, 184, 195, 222, 259, 264, 283], 'segmental': [7, 22, 43, 72, 246], 'motion': [8, 23, 73, 81, 144, 223, 247, 265], 'using': [9, 47], 'Kinetic': [10], 'magnetic': [11], 'resonance': [12], 'imaging(KMRI).The': [13], 'aim': [14], 'the': [16, 35, 52, 61, 66, 75, 157, 161, 174, 188, 203, 207, 213, 225, 262, 272, 279], 'study': [17], 'was': [18, 83, 88, 164, 197, 224, 234, 253, 266], 'to': [19, 137, 220, 261], 'investigate': [20], 'in': [24, 74, 90, 96, 160, 193, 202, 206, 212, 282], 'functional': [25, 239], '(ie,': [26], 'standing': [27], 'weight-bearing': [28, 97], 'flexion': [29], 'and': [30, 33, 85, 103, 141, 148, 173, 210, 230], 'extension)': [31], 'positions': [32, 240], 'examine': [34], 'effects': [36, 53], 'disk': [39, 55, 69, 86], 'degeneration': [40, 56, 70, 87, 118, 127, 169, 176, 214], 'on': [41, 57, 71], 'motion.Various': [44], 'biomechanical': [45], 'studies': [46, 62], 'cadaveric': [48], 'specimens': [49], 'have': [50], 'demonstrated': [51], 'motion.': [59, 284], 'However,': [60], 'did': [63], 'not': [64, 267], 'determine': [65], 'effect': [67], 'functional,': [76], 'living': [77], 'spine.Segmental': [78], 'range': [79], '(ROM)': [82], 'calculated': [84], 'graded': [89], 'patients': [91], 'who': [92], 'had': [93], 'undergone': [94], 'KMRI': [95], 'neutral,': [98], '60': [99], 'degrees': [100, 105], 'flexion,': [102], '20': [104], 'extension.': [107], 'Patients': [108], '(n=262)': [109], 'were': [110, 153], 'categorized': [111], 'as': [112], 'having': [113], 'normal': [114, 162, 189, 208], 'disks': [115, 252], '(n=94),': [116], 'single-level': [117], 'at': [119, 128, 248], 'L4–L5': [120, 168], '(n=28)': [121], 'or': [122, 125], 'L5–S1': [123, 219, 276], '(N=71),': [124], 'double-level': [126], 'L4–L5–S1': [129, 175], '(N=69).': [130], 'Angular': [131], 'ROM,': [132], 'contribution': [133, 142, 217, 256], '(%)of': [134], 'each': [135], 'segment': [136], 'total': [138, 183, 221, 263], 'motion,': [140], 'from': [145], 'upper': [146, 194, 258], '(L1–L3)': [147], 'lower': [149, 204, 273], '(L4–S1)': [150], 'levels': [152, 249], 'compared.Mean': [154], 'ROMo': [155], 'f': [156], 'spine': [159], 'group': [163, 170, 177, 209], '41.3±13.3': [165], 'degrees.': [166], 'The': [167, 191, 216, 255, 275], '(36.1±12.4': [171], 'degrees)': [172, 179], '(37.1±12.5': [178], 'showed': [180, 278], 'significantly': [181, 198], 'decreased': [182], 'ROM': [185, 192, 281], 'compared': [186], 'with': [187, 250], 'group.': [190], 'segments': [196, 205, 260], 'larger': [199], 'than': [200, 269], 'that': [201, 270], 'similar': [211], 'groups.': [215], 'smallest': [226, 280], 'all': [228, 237], 'segments,': [229], 'no': [231], 'significant': [232], 'difference': [233], 'found': [235], 'between': [236], 'groups.In': [238], 'assessed': [241], 'utilizing': [242], 'weight': [243], 'bearing': [244], 'KMRI,': [245], 'degenerated': [251], 'decreased.': [254], 'smaller': [268], 'segments.': [274], 'level': [277]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2087693488', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T04:30:28.903867', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}