Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2086683080', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2010.534321', 'title': 'Behavioural defences of anurans: an overview', 'display_name': 'Behavioural defences of anurans: an overview', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-01-14', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2086683080', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2010.534321', 'mag': '2086683080'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2010.534321', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S150560568', 'display_name': 'Ethology Ecology & Evolution', 'issn_l': '0394-9370', 'issn': ['0394-9370', '1828-7131'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089891566', 'display_name': 'Luı́s Felipe Toledo', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-9598'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I181391015', 'display_name': 'Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04wffgt70', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I181391015']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'L.F. Toledo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Museu de Zoologia “Prof. Adão José Cardoso” , Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Caixa Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Museu de Zoologia “Prof. Adão José Cardoso” , Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Caixa Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I181391015']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5014938881', 'display_name': 'Iván Sazima', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0362-1756'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I181391015', 'display_name': 'Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04wffgt70', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I181391015']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'I. Sazima', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Museu de Zoologia “Prof. Adão José Cardoso” , Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Caixa Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Museu de Zoologia “Prof. Adão José Cardoso” , Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Caixa Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I181391015']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5084003640', 'display_name': 'C. F. B. Haddad', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I879563668', 'display_name': 'Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00987cb86', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I879563668']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C.F.B. Haddad', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Zoologia , Instituto de Biociências, Unesp , Caixa Postal 199, CEP 13506-970, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Zoologia , Instituto de Biociências, Unesp , Caixa Postal 199, CEP 13506-970, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I879563668']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.281, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 165, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999936, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '23', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '25'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10332', 'display_name': 'Amphibian and Reptile Biology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10332', 'display_name': 'Amphibian and Reptile Biology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10174', 'display_name': 'Animal Behavior and Reproduction', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1105', 'display_name': 'Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10699', 'display_name': 'Primate Behavior and Ecology', 'score': 0.9926, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3207', 'display_name': 'Social Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/scope', 'display_name': 'Scope (computer science)', 'score': 0.5486562}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7305871}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C547195049', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664', 'display_name': 'Terminology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5582014}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778012447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415', 'display_name': 'Scope (computer science)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5486562}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.53273135}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78458016', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400', 'display_name': 'Evolutionary biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36487857}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.06303415}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2010.534321', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S150560568', 'display_name': 'Ethology Ecology & Evolution', 'issn_l': '0394-9370', 'issn': ['0394-9370', '1828-7131'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 76, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W126490476', 'https://openalex.org/W1486180449', 'https://openalex.org/W1486210610', 'https://openalex.org/W1532023965', 'https://openalex.org/W1538528852', 'https://openalex.org/W1748179110', 'https://openalex.org/W1931052673', 'https://openalex.org/W1974749135', 'https://openalex.org/W1990341911', 'https://openalex.org/W1996541234', 'https://openalex.org/W2002384662', 'https://openalex.org/W2020961912', 'https://openalex.org/W2034162222', 'https://openalex.org/W2037479228', 'https://openalex.org/W2043107329', 'https://openalex.org/W2045556969', 'https://openalex.org/W2060788786', 'https://openalex.org/W2068423777', 'https://openalex.org/W2068560675', 'https://openalex.org/W2071083751', 'https://openalex.org/W2076245642', 'https://openalex.org/W2091889784', 'https://openalex.org/W2101559996', 'https://openalex.org/W2109598794', 'https://openalex.org/W2113722763', 'https://openalex.org/W2115746975', 'https://openalex.org/W2116578320', 'https://openalex.org/W2117280460', 'https://openalex.org/W2119420068', 'https://openalex.org/W2123184930', 'https://openalex.org/W2138488751', 'https://openalex.org/W2139152880', 'https://openalex.org/W2144368058', 'https://openalex.org/W2153898224', 'https://openalex.org/W2157260024', 'https://openalex.org/W2159105410', 'https://openalex.org/W2168690835', 'https://openalex.org/W2174796428', 'https://openalex.org/W2180421563', 'https://openalex.org/W2231533300', 'https://openalex.org/W2275663101', 'https://openalex.org/W2286959103', 'https://openalex.org/W2312239193', 'https://openalex.org/W2312270508', 'https://openalex.org/W2315046788', 'https://openalex.org/W2319437088', 'https://openalex.org/W2319593354', 'https://openalex.org/W2319697479', 'https://openalex.org/W2321607763', 'https://openalex.org/W2323331119', 'https://openalex.org/W2326112538', 'https://openalex.org/W2326122225', 'https://openalex.org/W2326706298', 'https://openalex.org/W2327345164', 'https://openalex.org/W2328180305', 'https://openalex.org/W2328612524', 'https://openalex.org/W2335124674', 'https://openalex.org/W2346623892', 'https://openalex.org/W2464677993', 'https://openalex.org/W2469965867', 'https://openalex.org/W2470292755', 'https://openalex.org/W249544573', 'https://openalex.org/W2529493556', 'https://openalex.org/W2574654660', 'https://openalex.org/W2605067025', 'https://openalex.org/W2743922851', 'https://openalex.org/W2779544124', 'https://openalex.org/W2990177697', 'https://openalex.org/W3088869772', 'https://openalex.org/W3147660427', 'https://openalex.org/W344560501', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W592430008', 'https://openalex.org/W616039799', 'https://openalex.org/W657485465', 'https://openalex.org/W812632242'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2921208823', 'https://openalex.org/W2390350206', 'https://openalex.org/W2350593162', 'https://openalex.org/W2131808775', 'https://openalex.org/W2130076355', 'https://openalex.org/W2082860237', 'https://openalex.org/W2061542922', 'https://openalex.org/W1993764875', 'https://openalex.org/W1990804418', 'https://openalex.org/W1969477129'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Among': [0], 'vertebrates,': [1], 'defensive': [2, 22, 58, 98, 123, 176], 'behaviours': [3, 124, 148, 177], 'have': [4, 24, 153, 160], 'been': [5, 25], 'reviewed': [6], 'for': [7, 17, 27, 67], 'fishes,': [8], 'salamanders,': [9], 'reptiles,': [10], 'birds,': [11], 'and': [12, 39, 70, 80, 89, 114, 140, 165, 183, 191], 'mammals,': [13], 'but': [14], 'not': [15], 'yet': [16], 'anuran': [18], 'amphibians.': [19], 'Although': [20], 'several': [21], 'strategies': [23, 59], 'reported': [26, 109], 'anurans,': [28, 61, 103], 'with': [29, 126], 'a': [30, 53, 65, 127], 'few': [31, 128], 'exceptions': [32], 'these': [33, 78], 'reports': [34], 'are': [35, 130, 143], 'limited': [36], 'in': [37, 41, 172], 'scope': [38], 'scattered': [40], 'the': [42, 50, 57, 73, 94, 147, 173], 'literature.': [43], 'This': [44], 'fact': [45], 'may': [46], 'be': [47], 'due': [48], 'to': [49, 83, 152, 188], 'lack': [51], 'of': [52, 60, 86, 121, 146, 170, 175], 'comprehensive': [54], 'review': [55, 93], 'on': [56, 72, 97, 107], 'which': [62], 'could': [63, 159], 'offer': [64], 'basis': [66], 'further': [68], 'studies': [69], 'insights': [71], 'basic': [74], 'mechanisms': [75], 'that': [76], 'underlie': [77], 'strategies,': [79], 'thus': [81], 'lead': [82], 'theoretical': [84], 'assumptions': [85], 'their': [87, 117], 'efficacy': [88], 'evolution.': [90], 'Here': [91], 'we': [92], 'present': [95], 'knowledge': [96], 'behavioural': [99, 166], 'tactics': [100], 'employed': [101], 'by': [102], 'add': [104], 'new': [105, 112], 'data': [106, 187], 'already': [108, 135], 'behaviours,': [110, 113], 'describe': [111], 'speculate': [115], 'about': [116], 'origins.': [118], 'A': [119], 'total': [120], '30': [122], '(some': [125], 'sub-categories)': [129], 'here': [131, 138, 149], 'recognised.': [132], 'The': [133, 168], 'terminology': [134], 'adopted': [136], 'is': [137, 178], 'organised': [139], 'some': [141], 'neologies': [142], 'proposed.': [144], 'Some': [145], 'treated': [150], 'seem': [151], 'an': [154], 'independent': [155], 'origin,': [156], 'whereas': [157], 'others': [158], 'evolved': [161], 'from': [162], 'pre-existent': [163], 'physiological': [164], 'features.': [167], 'role': [169], 'predators': [171], 'evolution': [174], 'still': [179], 'scarcely': [180], 'touched': [181], 'upon': [182], 'this': [184, 190], 'overview': [185], 'adds': [186], 'explore': [189], 'other': [192], 'evolutionary': [193], 'unsolved': [194], 'questions.': [195]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2086683080', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T03:14:05.098953', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}