Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2084381294', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871152', 'title': 'Spatial and morphological change on Eliot Glacier, Mount Hood, Oregon, USA', 'display_name': 'Spatial and morphological change on Eliot Glacier, Mount Hood, Oregon, USA', 'publication_year': 2007, 'publication_date': '2007-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2084381294', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871152', 'mag': '2084381294'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871152', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/42D67DE57236DA741E6EE7A4C0A93BAE/S0260305500254141a.pdf/div-class-title-spatial-and-morphological-change-on-eliot-glacier-mount-hood-oregon-usa-div.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S206570889', 'display_name': 'Annals of Glaciology', 'issn_l': '0260-3055', 'issn': ['0260-3055', '1727-5644'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'host_organization_name': 'Cambridge University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cambridge University Press', 'University of Cambridge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/42D67DE57236DA741E6EE7A4C0A93BAE/S0260305500254141a.pdf/div-class-title-spatial-and-morphological-change-on-eliot-glacier-mount-hood-oregon-usa-div.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111871071', 'display_name': 'Keith Jackson', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'display_name': 'Portland State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00yn2fy02', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Keith M. Jackson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039126089', 'display_name': 'Andrew G. Fountain', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5299-2273'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'display_name': 'Portland State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00yn2fy02', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andrew G. Fountain', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 1200, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 1471, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.525, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 35, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.907928, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '46', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '222', 'last_page': '226'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10644', 'display_name': 'Cryospheric studies and observations', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10644', 'display_name': 'Cryospheric studies and observations', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13176', 'display_name': 'Winter Sports Injuries and Performance', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12180', 'display_name': 'Polar Research and Ecology', 'score': 0.9805, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/accumulation-zone', 'display_name': 'Accumulation zone', 'score': 0.7767404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-ice-accumulation', 'display_name': 'Glacier ice accumulation', 'score': 0.675699}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-terminus', 'display_name': 'Glacier terminus', 'score': 0.6551652}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-mass-balance', 'display_name': 'Glacier mass balance', 'score': 0.6267914}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/tidewater-glacier-cycle', 'display_name': 'Tidewater glacier cycle', 'score': 0.60104483}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cirque-glacier', 'display_name': 'Cirque glacier', 'score': 0.56659544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-morphology', 'display_name': 'Glacier morphology', 'score': 0.5643196}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rock-glacier', 'display_name': 'Rock glacier', 'score': 0.51206976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/thinning', 'display_name': 'Thinning', 'score': 0.48996654}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ablation-zone', 'display_name': 'Ablation zone', 'score': 0.47490227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mount', 'display_name': 'Mount', 'score': 0.4548966}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100834320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666', 'display_name': 'Glacier', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8996101}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8667314}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C193091731', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3428388', 'display_name': 'Accumulation zone', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.7767404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776023875', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637703', 'display_name': 'Debris', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7674099}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171289182', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690578', 'display_name': 'Glacier ice accumulation', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.675699}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84548589', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556920', 'display_name': 'Glacier terminus', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6551652}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127045886', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3528741', 'display_name': 'Glacier mass balance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6267914}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114793014', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109', 'display_name': 'Geomorphology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6030902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169511391', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7800892', 'display_name': 'Tidewater glacier cycle', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.60104483}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17241749', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23579772', 'display_name': 'Cirque glacier', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.56659544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104932425', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2116384', 'display_name': 'Glacier morphology', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5643196}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169556411', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884736', 'display_name': 'Rock glacier', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.51206976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781353100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266974', 'display_name': 'Thinning', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48996654}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779559920', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911138', 'display_name': 'Thickening', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48743847}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76856502', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322152', 'display_name': 'Ablation zone', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47490227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778091609', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14713', 'display_name': 'Mount', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4548966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100970517', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107', 'display_name': 'Physical geography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40028453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81820708', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540532', 'display_name': 'Ice stream', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.31206077}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49204034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139', 'display_name': 'Climatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2318039}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.11058304}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197435368', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109', 'display_name': 'Cryosphere', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0974803}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.07649097}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136894858', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926', 'display_name': 'Sea ice', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776659692', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426', 'display_name': 'Lactation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126348684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3456979', 'display_name': 'Polymer science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97137747', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112', 'display_name': 'Forestry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22641795', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868757', 'display_name': 'Ice calving', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779234561', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995', 'display_name': 'Pregnancy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871152', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/42D67DE57236DA741E6EE7A4C0A93BAE/S0260305500254141a.pdf/div-class-title-spatial-and-morphological-change-on-eliot-glacier-mount-hood-oregon-usa-div.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S206570889', 'display_name': 'Annals of Glaciology', 'issn_l': '0260-3055', 'issn': ['0260-3055', '1727-5644'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'host_organization_name': 'Cambridge University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cambridge University Press', 'University of Cambridge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871152', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/42D67DE57236DA741E6EE7A4C0A93BAE/S0260305500254141a.pdf/div-class-title-spatial-and-morphological-change-on-eliot-glacier-mount-hood-oregon-usa-div.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S206570889', 'display_name': 'Annals of Glaciology', 'issn_l': '0260-3055', 'issn': ['0260-3055', '1727-5644'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'host_organization_name': 'Cambridge University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cambridge University Press', 'University of Cambridge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 15, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1587524417', 'https://openalex.org/W1631337899', 'https://openalex.org/W1971400458', 'https://openalex.org/W1982496333', 'https://openalex.org/W2070611029', 'https://openalex.org/W2084381294', 'https://openalex.org/W2245073334', 'https://openalex.org/W2273520013', 'https://openalex.org/W2460651243', 'https://openalex.org/W2469399188', 'https://openalex.org/W2496348587', 'https://openalex.org/W41139122', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W625986344', 'https://openalex.org/W810510008'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4322002808', 'https://openalex.org/W4210371505', 'https://openalex.org/W3097216428', 'https://openalex.org/W3038069662', 'https://openalex.org/W289471092', 'https://openalex.org/W2460245973', 'https://openalex.org/W2401514164', 'https://openalex.org/W2347971294', 'https://openalex.org/W2084381294', 'https://openalex.org/W2065648982'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Eliot': [1, 140], 'Glacier': [2], 'is': [3, 20, 105, 186, 190], 'a': [4, 93, 98, 120, 191], 'small': [5], '(1.6': [6], 'km': [7], '2': [8], ')': [9], 'glacier': [10, 53, 72, 116], 'on': [11, 126, 155], 'Mount': [12, 127, 156], 'Hood,': [13], 'Oregon,': [14], 'USA,': [15], 'and': [16, 36, 63, 89, 104, 146, 189, 200], 'its': [17, 61, 148], 'ablation': [18, 32, 137], 'zone': [19, 138], 'largely': [21], 'covered': [22], 'with': [23], 'rock': [24, 133], 'debris.': [25], 'We': [26, 129], 'examine': [27], 'the': [28, 41, 52, 70, 75, 102, 108, 115, 132, 136, 164, 180, 194, 204], 'interrelated': [29], 'processes': [30], 'of': [31, 44, 60, 176, 182, 193, 197], 'rates,': [33], 'ice': [34], 'thickness': [35, 110, 162, 178], 'surface': [37], 'velocities': [38], 'to': [39, 92, 143, 152], 'understand': [40], 'retreat': [42, 149], 'rate': [43, 122, 150, 181], 'this': [45], 'glacier.': [46], 'Since': [47], 'measurements': [48], 'began': [49], 'in': [50, 112, 160, 167, 171], '1901,': [51], 'has': [54, 86, 117], 'retreated': [55, 77, 118], '680': [56], 'm,': [57], 'lost': [58], '19%': [59], 'area': [62], 'thinned': [64], 'by': [65], 'about': [66, 107], '50': [67], 'm': [68], 'at': [69, 119], 'lower': [71], 'profile': [73], 'before': [74], 'terminus': [76], 'past': [78], 'that': [79, 131], 'point.': [80], 'The': [81], 'upper': [82], 'profile,': [83], '800m': [84], 'up-glacier,': [85], 'shown': [87], 'thinning': [88], 'thickening': [90, 184, 199], 'due': [91], 'kinematic': [94], 'wave': [95], 'resulting': [96], 'from': [97, 203], 'cool': [99], 'period': [100], 'during': [101], '1940s–70s,': [103], 'currently': [106], 'same': [109], 'as': [111], '1940.': [113], 'Overall,': [114], 'slower': [121], 'than': [123], 'other': [124, 153], 'glaciers': [125, 154], 'Hood.': [128, 157], 'hypothesize': [130], 'debris': [134, 161, 177, 183, 201], 'covering': [135], 'reduces': [139], 'Glacier’s': [141], 'sensitivity': [142], 'global': [144], 'warming': [145], 'slows': [147], 'compared': [151], 'Spatial': [158], 'variations': [159, 170], 'are': [163], 'primary': [165], 'factor': [166], 'controlling': [168], 'spatial': [169], 'melt.': [172], 'A': [173], 'continuity': [174], 'model': [175], 'shows': [179], 'down-glacier': [185], 'roughly': [187], 'constant': [188], 'result': [192], 'compensating': [195], 'effects': [196], 'strain': [198], 'melt-out': [202], 'ice.': [205]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2084381294', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-11T00:17:24.573475', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}