Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2083901133', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(73)90071-3', 'title': 'Streptozotocin diabetes—further studies on the mechanism of depression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentrations in mouse pancreatic islets and liver', 'display_name': 'Streptozotocin diabetes—further studies on the mechanism of depression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentrations in mouse pancreatic islets and liver', 'publication_year': 1973, 'publication_date': '1973-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2083901133', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(73)90071-3', 'mag': '2083901133', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4357891'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(73)90071-3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185534594', 'display_name': 'Biochemical Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '0006-2952', 'issn': ['0006-2952', '1873-2968'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062682753', 'display_name': 'Philip S. Schein', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'display_name': 'National Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/040gcmg81', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Philip S. Schein', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5071909644', 'display_name': 'David A. Cooney', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'display_name': 'National Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/040gcmg81', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David A. Cooney', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110052960', 'display_name': 'Mary G. McMenamin', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'display_name': 'National Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/040gcmg81', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mary G. McMenamin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089941984', 'display_name': 'Tom Anderson', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'display_name': 'National Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/040gcmg81', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Tom Anderson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medicine Branch and Laboratory of Toxicology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20014, U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3700, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3700, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.77, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 92, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.97399, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '22', 'issue': '20', 'first_page': '2625', 'last_page': '2631'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10839', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic function and diabetes', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10839', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic function and diabetes', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12964', 'display_name': 'Diet, Metabolism, and Disease', 'score': 0.9755, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13415', 'display_name': 'Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism', 'score': 0.9672, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1314', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-islets', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic Islets', 'score': 0.7584096}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/intraperitoneal-injection', 'display_name': 'Intraperitoneal injection', 'score': 0.44708896}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C75520062', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15321392', 'display_name': 'NAD+ kinase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9367327}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779280383', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q257331', 'display_name': 'Streptozotocin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.93054354}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779728014', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192423', 'display_name': 'Nicotinamide', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.85236937}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779855799', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728309', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic islets', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7584096}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.74230516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7210781}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5835167}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776901170', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12499775', 'display_name': 'Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.56815493}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555293320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206', 'display_name': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5211894}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780159080', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400536', 'display_name': 'Intraperitoneal injection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44708896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165220095', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207524', 'display_name': 'Islet', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44650933}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.28447115}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.25544342}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16621703}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.14529693}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003920', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007515', 'descriptor_name': 'Islets of Langerhans', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007515', 'descriptor_name': 'Islets of Langerhans', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008099', 'descriptor_name': 'Liver', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008099', 'descriptor_name': 'Liver', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009243', 'descriptor_name': 'NAD', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009243', 'descriptor_name': 'NAD', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000037', 'qualifier_name': 'antagonists & inhibitors', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013311', 'descriptor_name': 'Streptozocin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002250', 'descriptor_name': 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003920', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003920', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003920', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D066298', 'descriptor_name': 'In Vitro Techniques', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007515', 'descriptor_name': 'Islets of Langerhans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008099', 'descriptor_name': 'Liver', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009243', 'descriptor_name': 'NAD', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009243', 'descriptor_name': 'NAD', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009243', 'descriptor_name': 'NAD', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009536', 'descriptor_name': 'Niacinamide', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009536', 'descriptor_name': 'Niacinamide', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009536', 'descriptor_name': 'Niacinamide', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011874', 'descriptor_name': 'Radiometry', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012265', 'descriptor_name': 'Ribonucleotides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012265', 'descriptor_name': 'Ribonucleotides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012265', 'descriptor_name': 'Ribonucleotides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013311', 'descriptor_name': 'Streptozocin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013997', 'descriptor_name': 'Time Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014316', 'descriptor_name': 'Tritium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(73)90071-3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185534594', 'display_name': 'Biochemical Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '0006-2952', 'issn': ['0006-2952', '1873-2968'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4357891', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.6}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 15, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1497983863', 'https://openalex.org/W1498928656', 'https://openalex.org/W1604445711', 'https://openalex.org/W1706803842', 'https://openalex.org/W183985036', 'https://openalex.org/W1980292660', 'https://openalex.org/W2025105061', 'https://openalex.org/W2053844674', 'https://openalex.org/W2106351911', 'https://openalex.org/W2122420921', 'https://openalex.org/W2151716122', 'https://openalex.org/W2164574288', 'https://openalex.org/W2226892380', 'https://openalex.org/W2315088565', 'https://openalex.org/W87318414'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2464329594', 'https://openalex.org/W2417058099', 'https://openalex.org/W2366253291', 'https://openalex.org/W2334312056', 'https://openalex.org/W2327891080', 'https://openalex.org/W2114227454', 'https://openalex.org/W2037171804', 'https://openalex.org/W1978358780', 'https://openalex.org/W1968121519', 'https://openalex.org/W1706803842'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2083901133', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T23:03:26.537295', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}