Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2082811260', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1079/pns19790015', 'title': 'The nutritional toxicity of phaseolus vulgarls lectins', 'display_name': 'The nutritional toxicity of phaseolus vulgarls lectins', 'publication_year': 1979, 'publication_date': '1979-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2082811260', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1079/pns19790015', 'mag': '2082811260', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/461432'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1079/pns19790015', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/7C72FD3202127016E8F54230F8259FC2/S0029665179000185a.pdf/div-class-title-the-nutritional-toxicity-of-phaseolus-vulgarls-lectins-div.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210187764', 'display_name': 'Proceedings of The Nutrition Society', 'issn_l': '0029-6651', 'issn': ['0029-6651', '1475-2719'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'host_organization_name': 'Cambridge University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cambridge University Press', 'University of Cambridge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/7C72FD3202127016E8F54230F8259FC2/S0029665179000185a.pdf/div-class-title-the-nutritional-toxicity-of-phaseolus-vulgarls-lectins-div.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5081016660', 'display_name': 'Árpád Pusztai', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Pusztai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen. AB2 9SB'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen. AB2 9SB', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049758955', 'display_name': 'Eileen M. W. Clarke', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Eileen M. W. Clarke', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen. AB2 9SB'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen. AB2 9SB', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017500681', 'display_name': 'T. P. King', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T. P. King', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen. AB2 9SB'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen. AB2 9SB', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 7.858, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 128, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.975835, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '38', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '115', 'last_page': '121'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10411', 'display_name': 'Formation and Application of Food Nanoemulsions', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1106', 'display_name': 'Food Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10411', 'display_name': 'Formation and Application of Food Nanoemulsions', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1106', 'display_name': 'Food Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11584', 'display_name': "Sweeteners' Taste and Impact on Health", 'score': 0.9933, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2916', 'display_name': 'Nutrition and Dietetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/29', 'display_name': 'Nursing'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10602', 'display_name': 'Glycosylation in Health and Disease', 'score': 0.9923, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/catabolism', 'display_name': 'Catabolism', 'score': 0.598066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/brush-border', 'display_name': 'Brush border', 'score': 0.5774274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/lectins', 'display_name': 'Lectins', 'score': 0.507518}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/digestion', 'display_name': 'Digestion', 'score': 0.505818}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/enterocyte', 'display_name': 'Enterocyte', 'score': 0.4676805}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780758401', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408693', 'display_name': 'Lectin', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.81917584}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776286235', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310438', 'display_name': 'Phaseolus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8009448}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29730261', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160', 'display_name': 'Toxicity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7207707}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C96942376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21130714', 'display_name': 'Catabolism', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.598066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C5426402', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462753', 'display_name': 'Brush border', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5774274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777882243', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11090', 'display_name': 'Small intestine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53374064}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C125287762', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948', 'display_name': 'Absorption (acoustics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.514169}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.48302087}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779604457', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340349', 'display_name': 'Enterocyte', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4676805}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41104624}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207001950', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124', 'display_name': 'In vivo', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41051763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.36859834}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.30171657}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62231903', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057', 'display_name': 'Metabolism', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.29177877}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C59822182', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441', 'display_name': 'Botany', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1534633}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150903083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108', 'display_name': 'Biotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08744264}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08467731}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C130316041', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189206', 'display_name': 'Vesicle', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41625074', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088', 'display_name': 'Membrane', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24890656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811', 'display_name': 'Acoustics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D007887', 'descriptor_name': 'Fabaceae', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007421', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestine, Small', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010835', 'descriptor_name': 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010946', 'descriptor_name': 'Plants, Medicinal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001835', 'descriptor_name': 'Body Weight', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004305', 'descriptor_name': 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007887', 'descriptor_name': 'Fabaceae', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007408', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestinal Absorption', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007408', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestinal Absorption', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007421', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestine, Small', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007421', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestine, Small', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008871', 'descriptor_name': 'Microvilli', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008871', 'descriptor_name': 'Microvilli', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008871', 'descriptor_name': 'Microvilli', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009584', 'descriptor_name': 'Nitrogen', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009584', 'descriptor_name': 'Nitrogen', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010835', 'descriptor_name': 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010835', 'descriptor_name': 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010835', 'descriptor_name': 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D037121', 'descriptor_name': 'Plant Lectins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011506', 'descriptor_name': 'Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011506', 'descriptor_name': 'Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1079/pns19790015', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/7C72FD3202127016E8F54230F8259FC2/S0029665179000185a.pdf/div-class-title-the-nutritional-toxicity-of-phaseolus-vulgarls-lectins-div.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210187764', 'display_name': 'Proceedings of The Nutrition Society', 'issn_l': '0029-6651', 'issn': ['0029-6651', '1475-2719'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'host_organization_name': 'Cambridge University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cambridge University Press', 'University of Cambridge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/461432', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1079/pns19790015', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/7C72FD3202127016E8F54230F8259FC2/S0029665179000185a.pdf/div-class-title-the-nutritional-toxicity-of-phaseolus-vulgarls-lectins-div.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210187764', 'display_name': 'Proceedings of The Nutrition Society', 'issn_l': '0029-6651', 'issn': ['0029-6651', '1475-2719'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'host_organization_name': 'Cambridge University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311721', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cambridge University Press', 'University of Cambridge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Zero hunger', 'score': 0.82, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 14, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1672062731', 'https://openalex.org/W1963760786', 'https://openalex.org/W1983966210', 'https://openalex.org/W1996878758', 'https://openalex.org/W2010118632', 'https://openalex.org/W2020730132', 'https://openalex.org/W2057340503', 'https://openalex.org/W2090341083', 'https://openalex.org/W2094343302', 'https://openalex.org/W2094985221', 'https://openalex.org/W2153787758', 'https://openalex.org/W2337402515', 'https://openalex.org/W2609686862', 'https://openalex.org/W3023824374'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2401722219', 'https://openalex.org/W2395251756', 'https://openalex.org/W2189382505', 'https://openalex.org/W2147666051', 'https://openalex.org/W2123022068', 'https://openalex.org/W2111032891', 'https://openalex.org/W2045360537', 'https://openalex.org/W1964529572', 'https://openalex.org/W1600167165', 'https://openalex.org/W1516916006'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0, 54], 'rats': [1], 'fed': [2], 'on': [3, 82], 'beans': [4], '(Phaseolus': [5], 'vulgaris)': [6], 'the': [7, 28, 47, 51, 76, 80, 83, 91, 101], 'poorly': [8], 'digestible': [9], 'lectins': [10, 81], 'were': [11], 'shown': [12], 'to': [13, 21, 38], 'react': [14], 'with': [15], 'intestinal': [16], 'cells': [17, 49], 'in': [18], 'vivo': [19], 'and': [20, 33], 'cause': [22], 'a': [23, 39, 72], 'disruption': [24, 77], 'of': [25, 27, 31, 50, 58, 64, 75, 93], 'many': [26], 'brush': [29], 'borders': [30], 'duodenal': [32], 'jejunal': [34], 'enterocytes.': [35, 84], 'Although': [36], 'depressed': [37], 'certain': [40], 'extent,': [41], 'absorption': [42, 57], 'still': [43], 'occurred,': [44], 'probably': [45], 'through': [46, 107], 'non-disrupted': [48], 'small': [52], 'intestine.': [53], 'addition,': [55], 'abnormal': [56], 'potentially': [59], 'harmful': [60], 'substances,': [61], 'lectin-related': [62], 'or': [63], 'bacterial': [65], 'origin,': [66], 'could': [67], 'also': [68], 'occur,': [69], 'possibly': [70, 106], 'as': [71, 98], 'direct': [73], 'effect': [74], 'caused': [78], 'by': [79], 'It': [85], 'is': [86], 'suggested': [87], 'that': [88], 'toxicity': [89], 'was': [90], 'result': [92], 'ensuing': [94], 'systemic': [95], 'effects,': [96], 'such': [97], 'for': [99], 'example': [100], 'observed': [102], 'high': [103], 'N': [104], 'excretion': [105], 'increased': [108], 'tissue': [109], 'catabolism.': [110]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2082811260', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T12:16:02.303701', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}