Cilia-like Structures and Polycystin-1 in Osteoblasts/Osteocytes and Associated Abnormalities in Skeletogenesis and Runx2 Expression

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Zhousheng Xiao; Shiqin Zhang; Josh Mahlios; Gan Zhou; Brenda S. Magenheimer; Dayong Guo; Sarah L. Dallas; Robin L. Maser; James P. Calvet; Lynda F. Bonewald; L. Darryl Quarles
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'https://openalex.org/W1988944924', 'https://openalex.org/W1970727713'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'We': [0, 27, 216, 243, 2324], 'examined': [1, 217, 2249], 'the': [2, 18, 41, 116, 218, 234, 257, 332, 436, 456, 463, 467, 706, 891, 1170, 1355, 1378, 1463, 1513, 1538, 1843, 2000, 2006, 2013, 2037, 2245, 2270, 2283, 2316, 2329, 2372, 2377, 2445, 2536, 2543, 2630, 2638, 2647, 2684, 2719, 2742, 2816, 3001, 3022, 3100, 3113, 3130, 3141, 3158, 3169, 3188, 3211, 3214, 3216, 3259, 3343, 3354, 3415, 3427, 3430, 3468, 3586, 3604, 3623, 3670, 3682, 3718, 3822, 3858, 3861, 3893, 3906, 4061, 4064, 4116, 4119, 4135, 4176, 4185, 4207, 4359, 4365, 4381, 4387], 'osteoblast/osteocyte': [3, 219, 2345], 'expression': [4, 117, 147, 220, 333, 363, 1844, 2620], 'and': [5, 32, 40, 45, 55, 65, 88, 105, 120, 144, 174, 209, 221, 248, 256, 261, 271, 281, 304, 321, 336, 360, 390, 425, 435, 532, 702, 711, 853, 975, 979, 986, 1395, 1473, 1509, 1562, 1659, 1807, 1853, 1902, 1908, 1910, 1917, 2005, 2052, 2217, 2226, 2254, 2256, 2314, 2334, 2424, 2444, 2501, 2511, 2516, 2569, 2577, 2595, 2602, 2676, 2710, 2782, 2802, 2889, 2912, 2936, 2944, 2990, 3074, 3168, 3193, 3201, 3238, 3301, 3433, 3448, 3585, 3754, 3848, 3856, 3866, 3884, 3903, 3941, 3962, 3980, 3986, 4004, 4045, 4057, 4067, 4112, 4145, 4167, 4234, 4249, 4293, 4296, 4340], 'function': [6, 222, 2317], 'of': [7, 17, 75, 118, 126, 180, 207, 223, 233, 291, 334, 342, 396, 423, 438, 440, 455, 458, 462, 469, 661, 699, 1169, 1377, 1465, 1540, 1845, 2002, 2008, 2151, 2318, 2331, 2344, 2366, 2376, 2417, 2505, 2653, 2656, 2667, 2673, 2679, 2713, 2733, 2745, 2777, 2798, 2818, 2903, 2917, 3063, 3213, 3329, 3346, 3396, 3410, 3414, 3435, 3462, 3784, 3860, 3882, 3958, 4063, 4115, 4148, 4179, 4184, 4251, 4334, 4367, 4377], 'polycystin-1': [8, 224, 665], '(PC1),': [9, 225], 'a': [10, 15, 111, 203, 226, 231, 327, 419, 470, 823, 830, 885, 967, 1093, 1167, 1174, 1360, 1643, 2427, 2738, 2883, 2901, 2909, 2915, 2984, 3185, 3325, 3411, 3423, 3592, 3674, 3727, 3779, 3800, 3898, 4104, 4139, 4146, 4283], 'transmembrane': [11, 227, 836, 2374], 'protein': [12, 228, 827, 2379, 3350], 'that': [13, 29, 78, 229, 245, 294, 828, 959, 970, 1389, 1519, 1998, 2023, 2039, 2209, 2221, 2276, 2338, 2740], 'is': [14, 230, 656, 822, 884, 956, 1382, 1652, 1813, 2034, 2155, 3442], 'component': [16, 232], 'polycystin-2': [19, 235, 671], '(PC2)-ciliary': [20, 236], 'mechano-sensor': [21, 237, 1094], 'complex': [22, 238, 969, 1172, 1357], 'in': [23, 52, 115, 132, 136, 139, 153, 168, 211, 214, 239, 268, 331, 348, 352, 355, 369, 384, 427, 430, 977, 983, 1095, 1185, 1257, 1260, 1364, 1387, 1517, 1534, 1662, 1815, 1891, 2029, 2031, 2146, 2153, 2202, 2266, 2273, 2282, 2320, 2336, 2356, 2371, 2555, 2585, 2705, 2786, 2805, 2908, 2922, 3110, 3251, 3276, 3290, 3305, 3446, 3465, 3471, 3603, 3606, 3615, 3630, 3638, 3654, 3710, 3716, 3735, 3752, 3762, 3781, 3879, 3969, 3978, 3990, 4006, 4042, 4048, 4071, 4125, 4189, 4303, 4312, 4361], 'renal': [24, 240, 1096], 'epithelial': [25, 241, 1097, 1187], 'cells.': [26, 242], 'found': [28, 244, 2326], 'MC3T3-E1': [30, 53, 133, 246, 269, 349, 2537, 2551, 2611, 2734, 2769], 'osteoblasts': [31, 66, 134, 158, 189, 247, 282, 350, 374, 405, 1511, 1663, 2321, 2747, 2819, 2879, 2897, 3192], 'MLO-Y4': [33, 56, 249, 272, 2581, 2613, 3194, 3849], 'osteocytes': [34, 64, 250, 280, 3195, 3447, 3463], 'express': [35, 251, 2252], 'transcripts': [36, 252], 'for': [37, 253, 2328, 2369, 2574, 2599, 2661, 2815, 2914, 2949, 3053, 3066, 3071, 3077, 3080, 3090, 3187, 3205, 3232, 3248, 3266, 3295, 3338, 3460, 3617, 3627, 3643, 3700, 3723, 3764, 3871, 3888, 3964, 3975, 4138, 4309, 4327, 4337, 4343, 4389], 'PC1,': [38, 254, 493], 'PC2,': [39, 255, 496], 'ciliary': [42, 258, 707], 'proteins': [43, 259, 708], 'Tg737': [44, 260, 3153], 'Kif3a.': [46, 262], 'Immunohistochemical': [47, 263], 'analysis': [48, 264, 4153], 'detected': [49, 265], 'cilia-like': [50, 266, 2141], 'structures': [51, 267, 2142], 'osteoblastic': [54, 102, 172, 270, 318, 388, 1393, 1649], 'osteocyte-like': [57, 273, 2521], 'cell': [58, 274, 1526, 2714, 2875, 3472], 'lines': [59, 275], 'as': [60, 62, 148, 150, 276, 278, 364, 366, 1092, 1173, 1369, 1468, 1544, 1848, 1913, 1915, 2644, 2683, 2748, 2824, 2953, 3184, 3791, 4256], 'well': [61, 149, 277, 365, 1914], 'primary': [63, 279, 1888, 2878, 3260, 3671, 3707], 'from': [67, 160, 283, 376, 2410, 2641, 2809, 3007, 3578, 3811, 3951, 4034, 4245, 4380], 'calvaria.': [68, 284], 'Pkd1m1Bei': [69, 81, 94, 107, 161, 187, 285, 297, 310, 323, 377, 403, 2274, 2810], 'mice': [70, 84, 96, 109, 164, 286, 300, 312, 325, 380, 1818, 2042, 2275, 2421, 2431, 3341, 3387, 3440, 3582, 4253], 'have': [71, 287, 1893, 2043, 2143, 2277, 2325], 'inactivating': [72, 288, 659, 2279, 2353], 'missense': [73, 289, 2280], 'mutations': [74, 290, 660, 698, 1256], 'Pkd1': [76, 292, 2040, 2253, 2284, 2357, 2484, 3096], 'gene': [77, 112, 293, 328, 485, 491, 2285, 2358], 'encode': [79, 295, 705], 'PC1.': [80, 296], 'homozygous': [82, 106, 162, 188, 298, 322, 378, 404], 'mutant': [83, 95, 108, 163, 299, 311, 324, 379, 2411, 2460], 'demonstrated': [85, 301], 'delayed': [86, 302, 2490], 'endochondral': [87, 303], 'intramembranous': [89, 305], 'bone': [90, 306, 514, 1388, 1479, 1518, 1531, 1535, 1808, 1892, 2147, 2203, 2215, 3336, 4068, 4158, 4172], 'formation,': [91, 307], 'whereas': [92, 308, 882, 1253, 1462, 2535, 2580], 'heterozygous': [93, 309, 1816, 2348], 'had': [97, 165, 313, 381], 'osteopenia': [98, 314], 'caused': [99, 315, 657, 2359, 4363], 'by': [100, 316, 658, 1380, 1654, 1860, 2036, 2048, 2360, 2489, 2503, 2636, 2646, 2692, 2737, 2784, 2820, 3084, 3391, 3634, 3664, 3768, 3821, 4199, 4331, 4357, 4364], 'reduced': [101, 317], 'function.': [103, 319, 2346], 'Heterozygous': [104, 320], 'displayed': [110, 326], 'dose-dependent': [113, 329], 'decrease': [114, 330], 'Runx2': [119, 140, 146, 170, 194, 335, 356, 362, 386, 410, 1639, 1840], 'osteoblast-related': [121, 337], 'genes.': [122, 338], 'In': [123, 339, 1177, 2244, 3438], 'addition,': [124, 340], 'overexpression': [125, 341], 'constitutively': [127, 181, 343, 397], 'active': [128, 182, 344, 398], 'PC1': [129, 183, 210, 345, 399, 426, 821, 960, 2225, 2319, 2378, 2625, 2668, 2778], 'C-terminal': [130, 184, 346, 400, 859], 'constructs': [131, 347, 2627], 'resulted': [135, 351], 'an': [137, 151, 353, 367, 834, 854, 1267, 1383, 2278, 2352, 2367, 2726, 3456, 3792, 3816, 4313, 4321], 'increase': [138, 152, 354, 368, 4360], 'P1': [141, 195, 357, 411], 'promoter': [142, 196, 358, 412, 3420], 'activity': [143, 359, 2689, 2695, 2943], 'endogenous': [145, 169, 361, 385, 3693], 'osteoblast': [154, 370, 2874], 'differentiation': [155, 175, 371, 391, 2743], 'markers.': [156, 372], 'Conversely,': [157, 373], 'derived': [159, 375], 'significant': [166, 382], 'reductions': [167, 383], 'expression,': [171, 387], 'markers,': [173, 389], 'capacity': [176, 392], 'ex': [177, 393, 2322], 'vivo.': [178, 394, 2323], 'Co-expression': [179, 395], 'construct': [185, 401, 2635, 2781], 'into': [186, 402, 1524, 3019], 'was': [190, 406, 2487, 2659, 2690, 2716, 2735, 2981, 2998, 3017, 3048, 3057, 3155, 3182, 3406, 3588, 3648, 3673, 3685, 4154, 4173, 4197, 4254, 4349, 4384], 'sufficient': [191, 407], 'to': [192, 408, 466, 890, 965, 1391, 1475, 1529, 1537, 1641, 1811, 2012, 2341, 2364, 2919, 3353, 3688, 3691, 3954, 4059, 4156, 4370, 4386], 'normalize': [193, 409], 'activity.': [197, 413], 'These': [198, 414, 2420, 3386], 'findings': [199, 415], 'are': [200, 416, 1512, 1857, 2264, 2339], 'consistent': [201, 417], 'with': [202, 418, 963, 972, 1082, 1255, 1266, 1470, 2529, 2565, 2590, 2617, 2629, 2664, 2718, 2774, 2932, 2983, 3021, 3059, 3112, 3140, 3222, 3226, 3240, 3258, 3281, 3309, 3319, 3327, 3422, 3620, 3667, 3706, 3726, 3756, 3864, 3868, 3876, 3901, 3905, 3983, 3999, 4055, 4320], 'possible': [204, 420], 'functional': [205, 421], 'role': [206, 422, 1168, 1363], 'cilia': [208, 424, 2152, 2227, 2258, 2263, 2335], 'anabolic': [212, 428, 1385, 1525], 'signaling': [213, 429, 1274], 'osteoblasts/osteocytes.': [215, 431], 'Correction:': [432], 'Peter': [433], 'Reichard': [434], 'reduction': [437], 'ribonucleosides.Journal': [439], 'Biological': [441], 'ChemistryVol.': [442], '293Issue': [443], '48PreviewVOLUME': [444], '281': [445], '(2006)': [446], 'PAGE': [447], 'e13': [448], 'Full-Text': [449], 'PDF': [450, 588, 631, 876, 1633, 1688, 1716, 1988, 2843, 2972, 3534, 3570, 4027, 4089, 4226, 4274], 'Open': [451], 'Access': [452], 'The': [453, 1075, 1994, 2021, 2430, 2483, 2700, 3044, 3151, 3244, 3403, 3595, 3609, 3696, 3745, 3773, 3795, 3993, 4129, 4193, 4373], 'study': [454], 'genetics': [457], 'hereditary': [459], 'cystic': [460], 'diseases': [461], 'kidney': [464, 483, 489, 654, 717, 3846], 'led': [465], 'recognition': [468], 'novel': [471], 'mechano-sensing': [472, 1365, 1889, 1996, 2030], 'mechanism': [473], 'involving': [474], 'cilia,': [475], 'PKD1,': [476, 481], '2The': [477], 'abbreviations': [478], 'used': [479, 2660, 2717, 2814, 3099, 3129, 3357, 3686], 'are:': [480], 'polycystic': [482, 488, 653, 716], 'disease': [484, 490, 655, 718], '1;': [486, 495], 'PKD2,': [487], '2;': [492, 498, 503], 'polycystin': [494, 497, 968, 1076, 1171, 2024, 2332], 'Runx2,': [499], 'Runt-related': [500], 'transcription': [501, 1650, 3046], 'factor': [502, 1553, 1557, 1651], 'OPG,': [504], 'osteoprotegerin;': [505], 'RANKL,': [506], 'Rank': [507], 'ligand;': [508], 'TRAP,': [509], 'tartrate-resistant': [510], 'acid': [511, 825, 857, 2573], 'phosphatase;': [512], 'BMD,': [513], 'mineral': [515], 'density;': [516], 'μCT,': [517], 'microcomputed': [518], 'tomography;': [519], 'RT,': [520], 'reverse': [521, 2473, 3023, 3045, 3114, 3142, 3170, 4294], 'transcription;': [522], 'PBS,': [523, 3223, 3277, 3655, 3717, 3877], 'phosphate-buffered': [524, 4049], 'saline;': [525], 'GFP,': [526], 'green': [527, 3348], 'fluorescent': [528, 3349], 'protein;': [529], 'Bis-Tris,': [530], '2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol.': [531], 'PKD2': [533, 668], '(1Delmas': [534, 673, 989], 'P.': [535, 599, 674, 776, 805, 924, 990, 1040, 1123, 1198, 1284, 1761, 1784, 3507, 3519, 4396], 'Padilla': [536, 675, 991], 'F.': [537, 676, 793, 899, 992, 1028, 1149, 1792], 'Osorio': [538, 677, 993], 'N.': [539, 639, 678, 839, 994, 1015, 2189], 'Coste': [540, 679, 995], 'B.': [541, 680, 996], 'Raoux': [542, 681, 997], 'M.': [543, 545, 561, 574, 605, 607, 682, 684, 768, 862, 939, 998, 1000, 1238, 1324, 1399, 1410, 1566, 1577, 1733, 1786, 1830, 1864, 1921, 1932, 2088, 2158, 2187, 3369, 3485, 3553], 'Crest': [544, 683, 999], 'Biochem.': [546, 685, 1001, 1411, 1437, 1578, 1604, 1749, 1878, 1933, 1959, 2177, 2759, 3035], 'Biophys.': [547, 686, 1002, 1065, 1412, 1579, 1934], 'Res.': [548, 687, 1003, 1413, 1485, 1580, 1935, 2164, 2862, 3924], 'Commun.': [549, 688, 1004, 1414, 1581, 1936], '2004;': [550, 624, 643, 689, 1005, 1019, 1155, 1403, 1570, 1738, 1868, 1925, 2195, 2836, 2965, 3378, 3494, 3527, 4020, 4082, 4219, 4267], '322:': [551, 690, 1006], '1374-1383Crossref': [552, 691, 1007], 'PubMed': [553, 568, 589, 632, 646, 692, 742, 760, 787, 816, 848, 877, 918, 933, 950, 1008, 1022, 1051, 1070, 1109, 1143, 1158, 1218, 1248, 1304, 1334, 1349, 1418, 1441, 1457, 1489, 1501, 1585, 1608, 1634, 1689, 1717, 1753, 1774, 1802, 1835, 1882, 1940, 1963, 1989, 2076, 2107, 2135, 2168, 2181, 2239, 2309, 2403, 2763, 2844, 2866, 2973, 3039, 3381, 3497, 3535, 3571, 3929, 4028, 4090, 4227, 4275, 4405], 'Scopus': [554, 569, 590, 633, 647, 693, 743, 761, 788, 817, 849, 878, 919, 934, 951, 1009, 1023, 1052, 1071, 1110, 1144, 1159, 1219, 1249, 1305, 1335, 1350, 1419, 1442, 1458, 1490, 1502, 1586, 1609, 1635, 1690, 1718, 1754, 1775, 1803, 1836, 1883, 1941, 1964, 1990, 2077, 2108, 2136, 2169, 2182, 2240, 2310, 2404, 2764, 2845, 2867, 2974, 3040, 3382, 3498, 3536, 3572, 3930, 4029, 4091, 4228, 4276, 4406], '(89)': [555, 694, 1010], 'Google': [556, 571, 592, 635, 649, 695, 745, 763, 790, 819, 851, 880, 921, 936, 953, 1011, 1025, 1054, 1073, 1112, 1146, 1161, 1221, 1251, 1307, 1337, 1352, 1421, 1444, 1460, 1492, 1504, 1588, 1611, 1637, 1692, 1720, 1741, 1756, 1777, 1805, 1838, 1885, 1943, 1966, 1992, 2079, 2110, 2138, 2171, 2184, 2198, 2242, 2312, 2406, 2766, 2847, 2869, 2976, 3042, 3384, 3500, 3538, 3574, 3932, 4031, 4093, 4230, 4278, 4408], 'Scholar,': [557, 572, 593, 636, 746, 764, 791, 922, 937, 1012, 1026, 1055, 1113, 1147, 1222, 1308, 1338, 1406, 1422, 1445, 1493, 1573, 1589, 1612, 1693, 1721, 1742, 1757, 1778, 1871, 1928, 1944, 1967, 2080, 2111, 2172, 2185, 2848, 3501, 3539], '2Al-Bhalal': [558], 'L.': [559, 724, 907, 1057, 1790, 1794, 2092, 3515], 'Akhtar': [560], 'Adv.': [562, 1483], 'Anat.': [563], 'Pathol.': [564], '2005;': [565, 930, 947, 1415, 1582, 1626, 1771, 1799, 1937, 1981, 3563], '12:': [566], '126-133Crossref': [567], '(39)': [570, 1837], '3Sutters': [573], 'Germino': [575, 863, 912], 'G.G.': [576, 864, 913], 'J.': [577, 621, 641, 735, 753, 781, 865, 928, 945, 1017, 1102, 1137, 1212, 1240, 1241, 1298, 1326, 1327, 1343, 1408, 1435, 1447, 1496, 1575, 1602, 1614, 1623, 1678, 1706, 1734, 1747, 1876, 1930, 1957, 1969, 1978, 2100, 2175, 2191, 2229, 2757, 2833, 2859, 2962, 3033, 3560, 4017, 4079, 4216, 4264, 4399], 'Lab.': [578, 866], 'Clin.': [579, 782, 867], 'Med.': [580, 642, 868, 1018, 1735], '2003;': [581, 813, 845, 869, 1048, 1106, 1140, 1215, 1301, 1346, 1438, 1605, 1750, 1879, 1960, 2178, 3036, 4402], '141:': [582, 870], '91-101Abstract': [583, 871], 'Full': [584, 586, 627, 629, 872, 874, 1629, 1631, 1684, 1686, 1712, 1714, 1984, 1986, 2839, 2841, 2968, 2970, 3530, 3532, 3566, 3568, 4023, 4025, 4085, 4087, 4222, 4224, 4270, 4272], 'Text': [585, 587, 628, 630, 873, 875, 1630, 1632, 1685, 1687, 1713, 1715, 1985, 1987, 2840, 2842, 2969, 2971, 3531, 3533, 3567, 3569, 4024, 4026, 4086, 4088, 4223, 4225, 4271, 4273], '(114)': [591, 879], '4Le': [594], 'N.H.': [595], 'van': [596, 602, 616], 'der': [597], 'Bent': [598], 'Huls': [600], 'G.': [601, 774, 941, 1788, 1796, 1875, 2161, 3525, 3541, 3557], 'de': [603], 'Wetering': [604], 'Loghman-Adham': [606, 1237, 1323], 'Ong': [608], 'A.C.': [609], 'Calvet': [610], 'J.P.': [611, 1434, 1601, 1956, 2852], 'Clevers': [612], 'H.': [613, 618, 2121, 2295, 2389, 3551], 'Breuning': [614], 'M.H.': [615], 'Dam': [617], 'Peters': [619, 2120, 2294, 2388], 'D.J.': [620, 1759], 'Biol.': [622, 1345, 1624, 1679, 1707, 1770, 1979, 2192, 2834, 2963, 3561, 4018, 4080, 4217, 4265], 'Chem.': [623, 1625, 1680, 1708, 1980, 2835, 2964, 3562, 4019, 4081, 4218, 4266], '279:': [625, 2837, 2966, 4021, 4083, 4220, 4268], '27472-27481Abstract': [626], '(40)': [634], '5Wilson': [637, 1013], 'P.D.': [638, 1014, 1063], 'Engl.': [640, 1016], '350:': [644, 1020], '151-164Crossref': [645, 1021], '(617)': [648, 1024], 'Scholar).': [650, 696, 820, 954, 1074, 1162, 1353, 1505, 1638, 1839, 1886, 1993, 2139, 2199, 2243, 2767, 2870, 2977, 3043, 3385, 3575, 3933, 4032, 4094, 4231, 4279, 4409], 'Autosomal': [651], 'dominant': [652], 'PKD1': [662, 1258], '(which': [663, 669], 'produces': [664, 670], '(PC1))': [666], 'or': [667, 1084, 1086, 1259, 1522, 2518, 2612, 2623, 3470, 4287], '(PC2))': [672], 'Also,': [697], 'Tg737,': [700, 973], 'kif3a,': [701], 'cpk,': [703], 'which': [704, 1261, 1856, 2350], 'polaris,': [709], 'Kif3a,': [710, 974], 'cystin,': [712], 'cause': [713], 'autosomal': [714], 'recessive': [715], '(6Yoder': [719], 'B.K.': [720, 748, 770], 'Tousson': [721], 'A.': [722, 812, 901, 1047, 1727, 1780, 1782, 2072, 2086, 3361, 3477, 3523, 3916], 'Millican': [723], 'Wu': [725], 'J.H.': [726, 4394], 'Bugg': [727], 'Jr.,': [728, 2160], 'C.E.': [729], 'Schafer': [730], 'J.A.': [731], 'Balkovetz': [732], 'D.F.': [733], 'Am.': [734, 754, 1101, 1242, 1328], 'Physiol.': [736, 738, 929, 946, 1103, 1105], 'Renal': [737, 1104], '2002;': [739, 757, 784, 1681, 1709, 2132, 2306, 2400], '282:': [740], '541-552Crossref': [741], '(205)': [744], '7Yoder': [747], 'Hou': [749], 'X.': [750, 766, 1125, 1200, 1286, 2084, 3365, 3481, 3503, 3555], 'Guay-Woodford': [751, 779], 'L.M.': [752, 780, 1100, 1151], 'Soc.': [755, 1243, 1329], 'Nephrol.': [756, 1244, 1330], '13:': [758], '2508-2516Crossref': [759], '(730)': [762], '8Hou': [765], 'Mrug': [767], 'Yoder': [769], 'Lefkowitz': [771], 'E.J.': [772], 'Kremmidiotis': [773], "D'Eustachio": [775], 'Beier': [777, 2128, 2302, 2396], 'D.R.': [778, 2096, 2129, 2303, 2397], 'Investig.': [783], '109:': [785], '533-540Crossref': [786], '(210)': [789, 1443, 1610, 1965], '9Lin': [792, 1027], 'Hiesberger': [794, 1029], 'T.': [795, 1030, 1669, 1729, 1763, 1824, 3513], 'Cordes': [796, 1031], 'K.': [797, 897, 905, 1032, 1725, 1731, 1822, 1826, 2063, 3505], 'Sinclair': [798, 1033], 'A.M.': [799, 1034], 'Goldstein': [800, 1035], 'L.S.': [801, 1036], 'Somlo': [802, 1037], 'S.': [803, 811, 1038, 1046, 1226, 1312, 2057, 2059, 2061, 2071, 2119, 2293, 2387, 2756, 3509, 3517, 3918], 'Igarashi': [804, 1039], 'Proc.': [806, 1041, 2066], 'Natl.': [807, 1042, 2067], 'Acad.': [808, 1043, 2068], 'Sci.': [809, 1044, 1400, 1567, 1737, 1865, 1922, 2069, 2193], 'U.': [810, 1045, 2070], '100:': [814, 1049], '5286-5291Crossref': [815, 1050], '(466)': [818, 1053], '4303-amino': [824], 'cell-surface-expressed': [826], 'has': [829, 1089, 1263, 1371, 2017, 2351], 'multidomain': [831], 'extracellular': [832, 1657], 'region,': [833], '11': [835], 'region': [837, 3425, 4178], '(10Nims': [838], 'Vassmer': [840], 'D.': [841, 1616, 1673, 1971, 3363, 3479, 3543], 'Maser': [842], 'R.L.': [843, 1432, 1599, 1620, 1954, 1975], 'Biochemistry.': [844], '42:': [846], '13035-13048Crossref': [847], '(70)': [850], 'Scholar),': [852, 881, 1252, 1461, 1806, 2313, 2407], '∼200': [855], 'amino': [856], 'cytoplasmic': [858], 'tail': [860, 2531], '(3Sutters': [861], 'PC2': [883, 964, 1262], 'Ca2+-permeable': [886], 'cation': [887], 'channel': [888], 'belonging': [889], 'transient': [892, 2606], 'receptor': [893], 'potential': [894, 2744], 'family': [895], '(11Hanaoka': [896], 'Qian': [898], 'Boletta': [900], 'Bhunia': [902], 'A.K.': [903], 'Piontek': [904], 'Tsiokas': [906], 'Sukhatme': [908], 'V.P.': [909], 'Guggino': [910], 'W.B.': [911], 'Nature.': [914], '2000;': [915, 1067], '408:': [916], '990-994Crossref': [917], '(669)': [920], '12Delmas': [923], 'Pfluegers': [925, 942], 'Arch.': [926, 943], 'Eur.': [927, 944], '451:': [931, 948], '264-276Crossref': [932], '(103)': [935], '13Kottgen': [938], 'Walz': [940], '286-293Crossref': [949], '(60)': [952], 'There': [955], 'compelling': [957], 'evidence': [958, 2327], 'forms': [961], 'heterodimers': [962], 'create': [966], 'localizes': [971], 'Cpk': [976], 'cilium': [978, 1083], 'may': [980, 2026], 'be': [981, 1642, 2027], 'involved': [982, 2028], 'cell-matrix': [984], 'interfaces': [985], 'cell-cell': [987], 'contacts': [988], '14Geng': [1056], 'Burrow': [1058], 'C.R.': [1059, 1451, 1723, 2233], 'Li': [1060, 1124, 1199, 1285, 3514], 'H.P.': [1061], 'Wilson': [1062], 'Biochim.': [1064], 'Acta.': [1066], '1535:': [1068], '21-35Crossref': [1069], '(88)': [1072], 'complex,': [1077], 'either': [1078, 2618, 3464], 'through': [1079], 'its': [1080], 'association': [1081], 'cell-to-cell': [1085, 1916], 'cell-to-matrix': [1087, 1918], 'interactions,': [1088], 'been': [1090, 1264, 1373, 1894, 2019, 2144], 'implicated': [1091], 'cells': [1098, 1188, 1254, 1516, 2216, 2538, 2552, 2582, 2614, 2701, 2770, 3217, 3847, 3850], '(15Guay-Woodford': [1099], '285:': [1107], '1034-1049Crossref': [1108], '(169)': [1111], '16Nauli': [1114], 'S.M.': [1115, 1190, 1224, 1276, 1310, 1426, 1593, 1699, 1948], 'Alenghat': [1116, 1191, 1229, 1277, 1315], 'F.J.': [1117, 1192, 1230, 1278, 1316], 'Luo': [1118, 1193, 1279], 'Y.': [1119, 1194, 1280, 1828, 3549, 3920], 'Williams': [1120, 1195, 1281], 'E.': [1121, 1196, 1282, 1482], 'Vassilev': [1122, 1197, 1283], 'Elia': [1126, 1201, 1287], 'A.E.': [1127, 1202, 1288], 'Lu': [1128, 1203, 1289, 2114, 2288, 2382], 'W.': [1129, 1204, 1290, 2082, 2115, 2289, 2383], 'Brown': [1130, 1205, 1291], 'E.M.': [1131, 1206, 1292], 'Quinn': [1132, 1207, 1293], 'S.J.': [1133, 1208, 1294], 'Ingber': [1134, 1209, 1235, 1295, 1321], 'D.E.': [1135, 1210, 1236, 1296, 1322], 'Zhou': [1136, 1211, 1239, 1297, 1325, 2099], 'Nat.': [1138, 1213, 1299, 2130, 2304, 2398], 'Genet.': [1139, 1214, 1300, 2103, 2131, 2305, 2399], '33:': [1141, 1216, 1302, 3927], '129-137Crossref': [1142, 1217, 1303], '(1627)': [1145, 1220, 1306], '17Lina': [1148], 'Satlinb': [1150], 'Curr.': [1152], 'Opin.': [1153], 'Pediatr.': [1154], '16:': [1156, 2864], '171-176Crossref': [1157], '(28)': [1160], 'Emerging': [1163], 'data,': [1164], 'however,': [1165, 2016, 2033, 2220], 'favor': [1166], 'flow': [1175, 2208], 'sensor.': [1176], 'this': [1178, 1647, 3838], 'regard,': [1179], 'fluid': [1180, 2207, 2211], 'shear': [1181, 2212], 'increases': [1182], 'intracellular': [1183], 'Ca2+': [1184, 1273], 'wild-type': [1186, 2448], '(16Nauli': [1189, 1275], '18Nauli': [1223, 1309], 'Rossetti': [1225, 1311], 'Kolb': [1227, 1313], 'R.J.': [1228, 1314], 'Consugar': [1231, 1317], 'M.B.': [1232, 1318, 2854], 'Harris': [1233, 1319, 2093, 3370, 3372, 3486, 3488], 'P.C.': [1234, 1320, 2094], '2006;': [1245, 1331, 1454, 1832, 2236], '17:': [1246, 1332, 2166], '1015-1025Crossref': [1247, 1333], '(141)': [1250, 1336], 'inactivated': [1265], 'antibody': [1268, 3263, 3672, 3708, 3732], 'do': [1269], 'not': [1270, 1372, 2018], 'activate': [1271, 2224], 'flow-induced': [1272], '19Praetorius': [1339], 'H.A.': [1340], 'Spring': [1341], 'K.R.': [1342], 'Membr.': [1344], '191:': [1347], '69-76Crossref': [1348], '(273)': [1351], 'Whether': [1354], 'cilia-PC1/PC2': [1356], 'might': [1358], 'play': [1359], 'more': [1361, 3965], 'generalized': [1362], 'other': [1366, 2257], 'tissues,': [1367], 'such': [1368, 1543, 1847], 'bone,': [1370], 'examined.': [1374], 'Mechanical': [1375, 2200], 'stimulation': [1376], 'skeleton': [1379, 3995], 'exercise': [1381], 'important': [1384], 'signal': [1386, 2491], 'leads': [1390, 1536], 'increased': [1392], 'proliferation': [1394], 'matrix': [1396, 3417], 'deposition': [1397], '(20Hughes-Fulford': [1398, 1565, 1863, 1920], 'STKE': [1401, 1568, 1866, 1923], '2004.': [1402, 1569, 1867, 1924], ':': [1404, 1571, 1869, 1926], 'RE12Google': [1405, 1572, 1870, 1927], '21Iqbal': [1407, 1574, 1929], 'Zaidi': [1409, 1576, 1931], '328:': [1416, 1583, 1938], '751-755Crossref': [1417, 1584, 1939], '(183)': [1420, 1587, 1942], '22Pavalko': [1423, 1590, 1945], 'F.M.': [1424, 1591, 1946], 'Norvell': [1425, 1592, 1947], 'Burr': [1427, 1594, 1949], 'D.B.': [1428, 1595, 1950], 'Turner': [1429, 1596, 1621, 1951, 1976], 'C.H.': [1430, 1597, 1622, 1952, 1977], 'Duncan': [1431, 1598, 1619, 1953, 1974], 'Bidwell': [1433, 1600, 1955], 'Cell.': [1436, 1603, 1748, 1877, 1958, 2176, 2758, 3034, 3526], '88:': [1439, 1606, 1751, 1880, 1961, 3037], '104-112Crossref': [1440, 1607, 1962], '23Rubin': [1446], 'Rubin': [1448, 2230], 'C.': [1449, 1744, 2055, 2117, 2231, 2291, 2385, 3545], 'Jacobs': [1450, 2232], 'Gene': [1452, 2234], '(Amst.).': [1453, 2235], '367:': [1455, 2237], '1-16Crossref': [1456, 2238], '(391)': [1459, 2241], 'absence': [1464], 'mechanical': [1466, 1655, 1861], 'stimulation,': [1467], 'occurs': [1469], 'immobilization,': [1471], 'disuse,': [1472], 'exposure': [1474], 'low': [1476], 'gravity,': [1477], 'causes': [1478], 'loss': [1480, 1809], '(24Zerath': [1481], 'Space': [1484], '1998;': [1486], '21:': [1487], '1049-1058Crossref': [1488], '(31)': [1491], '25Lanyon': [1494], 'L.E.': [1495], 'Biomech.': [1497], '1987;': [1498], '20:': [1499], '1083-1093Crossref': [1500], '(335)': [1503], 'Osteocytes,': [1506], 'lining': [1507], 'cells,': [1508, 2148, 2268, 2522], 'potentially': [1510, 2223], 'key': [1514], 'mechanosensitive': [1515], 'transduce': [1520], 'force': [1521], 'load': [1523], 'signals': [1527], 'leading': [1528, 2011, 2363], 'new': [1530], 'formation.': [1532], 'Mechano-sensing': [1533], 'release': [1539, 2001], 'autocrine': [1541], 'factors': [1542, 2004], 'prostaglandin': [1545, 1901], 'E2,': [1546], 'prostacyclin': [1547], 'I2,': [1548], 'ATP,': [1549], 'UTP,': [1550], 'transforming': [1551], 'growth': [1552, 1556, 1560, 4065, 4120], 'β,': [1554], 'fibroblast': [1555], '2,': [1558], 'insulin-like': [1559], 'factors,': [1561], 'nitric': [1563], 'oxide': [1564], '26Li': [1613, 1968], 'Liu': [1615, 1970, 2118, 2292, 2386], 'Ke': [1617, 1972], 'H.Z.': [1618, 1973], '280:': [1627, 1982, 3564], '42952-42959Abstract': [1628, 1983], '(223)': [1636, 1991], 'appears': [1640], 'downstream': [1644], 'target,': [1645], 'since': [1646], 'essential': [1648, 2557, 2587, 2924], 'up-regulated': [1653], 'strain,': [1656], 'nucleotides,': [1658], 'oxidative': [1660], 'stress': [1661, 2213], '(27Ziros': [1664], 'P.G.': [1665], 'Gil': [1666], 'A.P.': [1667], 'Georgakopoulos': [1668], 'Habeos': [1670], 'I.': [1671, 3359, 3475], 'Kletsas': [1672], 'Basdra': [1674, 1766], 'E.K.': [1675, 1767], 'Papavassiliou': [1676, 1764], 'A.G.': [1677, 1765], '277:': [1682, 1710], '23934-23941Abstract': [1683], '(214)': [1691], '28Wang': [1694], 'F.S.': [1695], 'Wang': [1696, 2855], 'C.J.': [1697, 2090], 'Sheen-Chen': [1698], 'Kuo': [1700], 'Y.R.': [1701], 'Chen': [1702], 'R.F.': [1703], 'Yang': [1704, 3554], 'K.D.': [1705], '10931-10937Abstract': [1711], '(157)': [1719], '29Chung': [1722], 'Tsuji': [1724, 1821], 'Nifuji': [1726], 'Komori': [1728, 1823], 'Soma': [1730], 'Noda': [1732, 1829], 'Dent.': [1736], '51:': [1739], '105-113PubMed': [1740], '30Ontiveros': [1743], 'McCabe': [1745], 'L.R.': [1746], '427-437Crossref': [1752], '(87)': [1755, 2846, 2975, 4030, 4092, 4229, 4277], '31Papachristou': [1758], 'Pirttiniemi': [1760], 'Kantomaa': [1762], 'Histochem.': [1768], 'Cell': [1769, 2514], '124:': [1772], '215-223Crossref': [1773], '(34)': [1776], '32Costessi': [1779], 'Pines': [1781], "D'Andrea": [1783], 'Romanello': [1785], 'Damante': [1787], 'Cesaratto': [1789], 'Quadrifoglio': [1791], 'Moro': [1793], 'Tell': [1795], 'Bone': [1797, 2860, 3376, 3492], '(NY).': [1798, 3377, 3493], '36:': [1800], '418-432Crossref': [1801], '(77)': [1804], 'due': [1810], 'unloading': [1812], 'exacerbated': [1814], 'Runx2-deficient': [1817], '(33Salingcarnboriboon': [1819], 'R.': [1820, 2065], 'Nakashima': [1825], 'Ezura': [1827], 'Endocrinology.': [1831], '147:': [1833], '2296-2305Crossref': [1834], 'also': [1841], 'regulates': [1842], 'genes,': [1846, 2259], 'cyclooxygenase-2,': [1849], 'osteopontin,': [1850], 'osterix,': [1851], 'osteocalcin,': [1852], 'α1(I)': [1854], 'procollagen,': [1855], 'all': [1858], 'induced': [1859], 'strain': [1862, 2201], '34Franceschi': [1872], 'R.T.': [1873, 2123, 2297, 2391, 3559], 'Xiao': [1874], '446-454Crossref': [1881], '(460)': [1884], 'Several': [1887], 'molecules': [1890], 'proposed,': [1895], 'including': [1896], 'several': [1897], 'G-protein-coupled': [1898], 'receptors': [1899], '(e.g.': [1900], 'purinergic': [1903, 1911], 'receptors),': [1904], 'integrin': [1905], 'receptors,': [1906], 'connexins/gap-junctions,': [1907], 'stretch-activated': [1909], 'channels': [1912], 'interactions': [1919], 'initial': [1995, 4322], 'event': [1997], 'stimulates': [1999], 'osteogenic': [2003], 'activation': [2007], 'second': [2009, 3731], 'messengers': [2010], 'osteo-inductive': [2014], 'response,': [2015], 'established.': [2020], 'possibility': [2022], '1': [2025, 2608, 2904, 3267, 3296, 3628, 4344], 'osteoblasts/osteocytes,': [2032], 'suggested': [2035], 'observation': [2038], 'null': [2041], 'abnormal': [2044], 'skeletal': [2045, 2271], 'development': [2046], 'characterized': [2047], 'spina': [2049], 'bifida': [2050], 'occulta': [2051], 'osteochondrodysplasia': [2053], '(35Boulter': [2054], 'Mulroy': [2056], 'Webb': [2058], 'Fleming': [2060], 'Brindle': [2062], 'Sandford': [2064], '2001;': [2073, 2104, 2863], '98:': [2074], '12174-12179Crossref': [2075], '(252)': [2078], '36Lu': [2081], 'Shen': [2083], 'Pavlova': [2085], 'Lakkis': [2087], 'Ward': [2089], 'Pritchard': [2091], 'Genest': [2095], 'Perez-Atayde': [2097], 'A.R.': [2098], 'Hum.': [2101], 'Mol.': [2102], '10:': [2105], '2385-2396Crossref': [2106], '(159)': [2109], '37Herron': [2112], 'B.J.': [2113, 2287, 2381], 'Rao': [2116, 2290, 2384], 'Bronson': [2122, 2296, 2390], 'Justice': [2124, 2298, 2392], 'M.J.': [2125, 2299, 2393], 'McDonald': [2126, 2300, 2394], 'J.D.': [2127, 2301, 2395], '30:': [2133, 2307, 2401], '185-189Crossref': [2134, 2308, 2402], '(164)': [2137, 2311, 2405], 'Although': [2140], 'reported': [2145], 'definitive': [2149], 'proof': [2150], 'osteoblasts/osteocytes': [2154, 2251, 2337], 'lacking': [2156], '(38Federman': [2157], 'Nichols': [2159], 'Calcif.': [2162], 'Tissue': [2163], '1974;': [2165], '81-85Crossref': [2167], '(44)': [2170], '39Whitfield': [2173], 'J.F.': [2174], '89:': [2179], '233-237Crossref': [2180], '(78)': [2183], '40Takaoki': [2186], 'Murakami': [2188], 'Gyotoku': [2190], 'Space.': [2194], '18:': [2196], '181-182PubMed': [2197], 'can': [2204], 'generate': [2205], 'interstitial': [2206], 'exerts': [2210], 'on': [2214, 2426, 2492, 3198, 3799, 3853, 3897, 4175, 4206], 'stretches': [2218], 'tissues;': [2219], 'could': [2222], '(23Rubin': [2228], 'current': [2246], 'study,': [2247], 'we': [2248, 3098, 3128], 'whether': [2250, 2261], 'Pkd2': [2255, 3126], 'determined': [2260, 2488, 4198], 'mono': [2262], 'present': [2265], 'these': [2267, 2746, 3439], 'assessed': [2269, 2691], 'phenotype': [2272], 'mutation': [2281, 2355], '(37Herron': [2286, 2380], 'evaluated': [2315], 'presence': [2330], 'complexes': [2333], 'coupled': [2340], 'Runx2-dependent': [2342], 'regulation': [2343], 'Mice—Pkd1m1Bei': [2347], 'mice,': [2349], 'point': [2354], 'ENU': [2361], 'mutagenesis': [2362], 'substitution': [2365], 'arginine': [2368], 'methionine': [2370], 'first': [2373, 3428, 3431], 'domain': [2375], 'were': [2408, 2422, 2432, 2497, 2523, 2539, 2553, 2583, 2615, 2702, 2771, 2813, 2880, 2898, 2951, 3196, 3218, 3246, 3279, 3317, 3322, 3356, 3388, 3583, 3597, 3611, 3625, 3698, 3720, 3747, 3776, 3797, 3809, 3835, 3851, 3895, 3960, 3973, 3997, 4037, 4053, 4101, 4127, 4132, 4191, 4307, 4412], 'obtained': [2409], 'Mouse': [2412, 3179], 'Regional': [2413], 'Resource': [2414], 'Center': [2415], '(University': [2416, 3395], 'North': [2418], 'Carolina).': [2419], 'bred': [2423], 'maintained': [2425], 'C57BL/6J': [2428], 'background.': [2429], 'genotyped': [2433], 'using': [2434, 2637, 2725, 2882, 3000, 3157, 3815, 3837, 3886, 4103, 4134, 4414], 'SYBR®': [2435, 4299], 'Green': [2436, 4300], '(Bio-Rad)': [2437, 4302], 'real-time': [2438, 4316], 'PCR': [2439, 3056, 4280, 4317, 4346], 'reagents,': [2440], 'extracted': [2441], 'genomic': [2442], 'DNA,': [2443], 'following': [2446, 4136], 'primers:': [2447], '(T': [2449], 'allele)': [2450, 2462], 'forward': [2451, 2463, 3101, 3131, 3159, 4292], 'primer,': [2452, 2464, 2474, 4295], '5′-CTG': [2453, 2465], 'GTG': [2454, 2457, 2466, 2469], 'ACC': [2455, 2467, 3105], 'TAT': [2456, 2468], 'GTC': [2458, 2470, 3117, 3175], 'AT-3′;': [2459], '(G': [2461], 'AG-3′;': [2471], 'common': [2472], '5′-AGC': [2475], 'CGG': [2476], 'TCT': [2477, 3138], 'TAA': [2478], 'CAA': [2479], 'GTA': [2480], 'TTT': [2481], 'C-3′.': [2482], 'allele': [2485], 'discrimination': [2486], 'one': [2493], 'mismatch.': [2494], 'Animal': [2495, 2509], 'experiments': [2496], 'performed': [2498, 2736, 2952, 3058, 3649], 'after': [2499, 2698, 2795], 'review': [2500], 'approval': [2502], 'University': [2504], 'Kansas': [2506], 'Medical': [2507, 4108], "Center's": [2508], 'Care': [2510], 'Use': [2512], 'Committee.': [2513], 'Cultures': [2515], 'Transient': [2517], 'Stable': [2519, 2731], 'Transfections—MLO-Y4,': [2520], 'plated': [2524, 2540, 2899], 'onto': [2525, 2542], 'culture': [2526, 2545, 3215, 3862], 'dishes': [2527], 'coated': [2528], 'rat': [2530], 'type': [2532], 'I': [2533, 4369], 'collagen,': [2534], 'directly': [2541], 'plastic': [2544], 'dish.': [2546], 'For': [2547, 2605], 'total': [2548, 2652, 3013, 4242], 'RNA': [2549, 3014, 4243], 'isolation,': [2550], 'cultured': [2554, 2584, 3852], 'α-minimal': [2556, 2586, 2923], 'medium': [2558, 2588, 2925], 'containing': [2559, 2788, 2926, 3426, 3787], '10%': [2560, 2927, 3631, 3869], 'fetal': [2561, 2592, 2928], 'calf': [2562, 2597, 2929], 'serum': [2563, 2594, 2598, 2930, 3254, 3293], 'supplemented': [2564, 2589, 2931], '5': [2566, 2933, 3889], 'mm': [2567, 2934, 4124, 4188], 'β-glycerophosphate': [2568, 2935], '25': [2570, 2937], 'μg/ml': [2571, 2790, 2938, 3761], 'ascorbic': [2572, 2939], '4,': [2575, 2600], '7,': [2576, 2601], '14': [2578, 2603, 2920], 'days,': [2579], '5%': [2591, 2596, 3788], 'bovine': [2593, 3253, 3292], 'days.': [2604, 3209], 'transfections,': [2607], '×': [2609, 2905], '106': [2610], 'transfected': [2616, 2773], 'control': [2619, 2686, 3186, 3409], 'vector,': [2621], 'gain-of-function,': [2622], 'loss-of-function': [2624], 'C-tail': [2626, 2669, 2779], 'along': [2628], 'Runx2-P1': [2631], 'luciferase': [2632, 2694, 2721], 'reporter': [2633, 3405], '(p1.4Runx2-P1-Luc)': [2634], 'electroporation': [2639], 'protocol': [2640, 2739], 'Amaxas': [2642], 'Biosystems': [2643], 'described': [2645, 2750, 2826, 2955, 3025, 4257], 'manufacturer': [2648], '(Amaxa,': [2649], 'Inc.).': [2650], 'A': [2651, 4150], '6.6': [2654], 'μg': [2655, 2666, 2672, 2678, 2776, 4241], 'plasmid': [2657], 'DNA': [2658, 2979, 2987], 'each': [2662, 4291, 4355], 'electroporation,': [2663], '3.6': [2665], 'construct,': [2670], '2.4': [2671], 'p1.4Runx2-P1-Luc': [2674], 'reporter,': [2675], '0.6': [2677], 'Renilla': [2680], 'luciferase-null': [2681], '(RL-null)': [2682], 'internal': [2685], 'plasmid.': [2687], 'Promoter': [2688], 'measuring': [2693, 4358], '48': [2696, 2793], 'h': [2697, 2794, 3268, 3297, 3702, 3725], 'transfection.': [2699, 2796], 'then': [2703, 3224, 3612, 3721, 3748], 'lysed': [2704], 'Passive': [2706], 'lysis': [2707], 'buffer': [2708], '(Promega),': [2709], '20': [2711, 3872], 'μl': [2712], 'lysate': [2715], 'dual': [2720], 'assay': [2722], 'kit': [2723, 2991, 3006, 3684], '(Promega)': [2724], 'EG&G': [2727], 'Berthold': [2728], '9507': [2729], 'luminometer.': [2730], 'transfection': [2732], 'maintains': [2741], 'previously': [2749, 2825, 2954], '(41Quarles': [2751], 'L.D.': [2752, 2832, 2961, 3032, 4016, 4078, 4215, 4263], 'Siddhanti': [2753], 'S.R.': [2754], 'Medda': [2755], '1997;': [2760], '65:': [2761], '11-24Crossref': [2762], '(19)': [2765], 'Briefly,': [2768], 'only': [2772], '6.0': [2775], 'fusion': [2780], 'selected': [2783], 'incubation': [2785, 3257], 'media': [2787], '500': [2789], 'G418': [2791], '(Invitrogen)': [2792], 'Measurement': [2797], 'Alkaline': [2799, 2941], 'Phosphatase': [2800], 'Activity': [2801], 'Mineralization': [2803], 'Assays': [2804], 'Immortalized': [2806], 'Osteoblast': [2807], 'Cultures—Calvaria': [2808], 'E15.5': [2811, 4035, 4247], 'embryos': [2812, 4036, 4248], 'isolation': [2817], 'sequential': [2821], 'collagenase': [2822], 'digestion': [2823], '(42Xiao': [2827, 2956, 4011, 4073, 4210, 4258], 'Z.S.': [2828, 2957, 3028, 4012, 4074, 4211, 4259], 'Hjelmeland': [2829, 2958, 4013, 4075, 4212, 4260], 'A.B.': [2830, 2959, 4014, 4076, 4213, 4261], 'Quarles': [2831, 2960, 3031, 4015, 4077, 4214, 4262], '20307-20313Abstract': [2838, 2967, 4022, 4084, 4221, 4269], '43Borton': [2849], 'A.J.': [2850], 'Frederick': [2851], 'Datto': [2853], 'X.F.': [2856], 'Weinstein': [2857], 'R.S.': [2858], 'Miner.': [2861], '1754-1764Crossref': [2865], '(131)': [2868], 'To': [2871, 2893, 3093, 3123], 'engineer': [2872], 'immortal': [2873], 'lines,': [2876], 'isolated': [2877, 4244], 'infected': [2881], 'retroviral': [2884], 'vector': [2885], 'carrying': [2886], 'SV40': [2887], 'large': [2888], 'small': [2890], 'T': [2891, 3680], 'antigen.': [2892], 'induce': [2894], 'differentiation,': [2895], 'immortalized': [2896], 'at': [2900, 3050, 3087, 3203, 3206, 3235, 3269, 3298, 3600, 3640, 3651, 3703, 3857, 4039, 4202, 4324, 4351], 'density': [2902], '105': [2906], 'cells/well': [2907], '6-well': [2910], 'plate': [2911, 4066], 'grown': [2913, 3197], 'period': [2916], 'up': [2918], 'days': [2921, 3957, 3968, 3977], 'acid.': [2940], 'phosphatase': [2942], 'alizarin': [2945, 3987], 'red-S': [2946], 'histochemical': [2947], 'staining': [2948], 'mineralization': [2950], 'Total': [2978], 'content': [2980], 'measured': [2982, 4174], 'PicoGreen®': [2985], 'double-stranded': [2986, 4371], 'quantitation': [2988], 'reagent': [2989, 3313], '(Molecular': [2992], 'Probes,': [2993], 'Eugene,': [2994], 'OR).': [2995], 'RT-PCR': [2996, 3005, 3189, 4233], 'Analysis—RT-PCR': [2997], 'done': [2999, 4155], 'Titan™': [3002], 'One': [3003], 'tube': [3004], 'Roche': [3008], 'Applied': [3009], 'Science.': [3010], 'DNase': [3011], 'I-treated': [3012], '(1.0': [3015], 'μg)': [3016], 'reverse-transcribed': [3018, 4255], 'cDNA': [3020], 'primer': [3024, 3102, 3115, 3132, 3143, 3160, 3171], 'before': [3026, 3256, 3307], '(44Xiao': [3027], 'Simpson': [3029], 'L.G.': [3030], '493-505Crossref': [3038], '(45)': [3041], 'reaction': [3047], 'incubated': [3049, 3247, 3699, 3722], '50': [3051, 4182, 4304], '°C': [3052, 3065, 3070, 3076, 3089, 3602, 3642, 3653, 4041, 4326, 4336, 4342], '30': [3054, 3067, 3072, 3078, 3249, 3765], 'min.': [3055, 3092, 3645, 3890, 4345], 'thermal': [3060], 'cycling': [3061], 'parameters': [3062], '94': [3064], 's,': [3068, 3073], '60': [3069, 4341], '68': [3075, 3088], 's': [3079, 3766, 4339], '35': [3081], 'cycles': [3082, 4311, 4333], 'followed': [3083, 3633, 3663, 3767, 4330], 'final': [3085, 3770], 'extension': [3086], '7': [3091], 'amplify': [3094, 3124], 'mouse': [3095, 3125, 3152, 3452, 3675, 3694], 'transcript,': [3097, 3127], '(5′-CAT': [3103], 'TGT': [3104], 'CCT': [3106], 'GGA': [3107, 3108], 'GA-3′)': [3109], 'combination': [3111], '(5′-GAT': [3116], 'CAG': [3118], 'GCT': [3119, 3134, 3135], 'GTT': [3120, 3137, 3176], 'TCG': [3121], 'AT-3′).': [3122], '(5′-GGG': [3133], 'ACA': [3136], 'TG-3′)': [3139], '(5′-CCG': [3144], 'GAG': [3145], 'ACT': [3146], 'CTC': [3147], 'TGA': [3148, 3163], 'GAT': [3149], 'GG-3′).': [3150], 'transcript': [3154], 'RT-PCR-amplified': [3156], '(5′-TCC': [3161], 'AAC': [3162], 'TTC': [3164], 'CCA': [3165], 'AGC': [3166], 'TC-3′)': [3167], '(5′-TGG': [3172], 'CAC': [3173, 3177], 'TCA': [3174], 'TC-3′).': [3178], 'glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate': [3180], 'dehydrogenase': [3181], 'amplified': [3183, 4308], 'reactions.': [3190], 'Immunofluorescence—MC3T3-E1': [3191], 'collagen-coated': [3199], 'coverslips': [3200, 3245, 3855, 3894], 'kept': [3202], 'confluence': [3204], 'least': [3207], '3': [3208, 3220, 3242, 3274, 3303, 3636, 3967], 'At': [3210], 'end': [3212, 3859], 'washed': [3219, 3239, 3302, 3613, 3749, 3863, 3874], 'times': [3221, 3275, 3304, 3637, 3751], 'fixed': [3225, 3598, 3867, 3963], 'cold': [3227], '4%': [3228], 'paraformaldehyde,': [3229], '0.2%': [3230], 'Triton': [3231], '10': [3233, 4328], 'min': [3234, 3250, 3619, 4329], 'room': [3236, 3270, 3299, 3704], 'temperature': [3237, 3300, 3705], 'PBS': [3241, 3306, 3616, 3639, 3753, 3771, 3865], 'times.': [3243], '1%': [3252, 3291, 3656, 4000], 'albumin': [3255, 3294], 'acetylated': [3261], 'α-tubulin': [3262, 3678], '(Sigma-Aldrich,': [3264, 3679], 'T6793)': [3265], 'temperature.': [3271], 'After': [3272, 3713, 3891], 'washing': [3273, 3635, 3665], 'they': [3278], 'treated': [3280], 'secondary': [3282], 'Texas': [3283], 'Red-labeled': [3284], 'anti-mouse': [3285, 3730], 'IgG': [3286], '(Jackson': [3287, 3738], 'ImmunoResearch,': [3288], '715-076-150)': [3289], 'mounting': [3308], 'ProLong®': [3310], 'Gold': [3311], 'antifade': [3312], '(Invitrogen,': [3314], 'P36935).': [3315], 'Nuclei': [3316], 'counterstained': [3318, 3755], '4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.': [3320], 'Photographs': [3321], 'taken': [3323], 'under': [3324, 3408, 3591, 3778, 3804, 4118], 'microscope': [3326, 3803, 3914], 'magnifications': [3328], '60×.': [3330], 'Whole': [3331, 3576, 3934], 'Mount': [3332, 3936], 'Calvaria': [3333], 'Immunostaining—For': [3334], 'whole-mount': [3335], 'immunostaining': [3337], 'α-tubulin,': [3339], 'transgenic': [3340, 3451], 'expressing': [3342], 'topaz': [3344], 'variant': [3345], 'enhanced': [3347], '(eGFP-tpz)': [3351], 'targeted': [3352], 'osteocyte': [3355], '(45Kalajzic': [3358, 3474], 'Braut': [3360, 3476], 'Guo': [3362, 3478], 'Jiang': [3364, 3480, 3542], 'Kronenberg': [3366, 3482], 'M.S.': [3367, 3483], 'Mina': [3368, 3484], 'M.A.': [3371, 3487], 'S.E.': [3373, 3489], 'Rowe': [3374, 3394, 3490], 'D.W.': [3375, 3491], '35:': [3379, 3495], '74-82Crossref': [3380, 3496], '(181)': [3383, 3499], 'kindly': [3389], 'provided': [3390], 'Dr.': [3392], 'David': [3393], 'Connecticut': [3397], 'Health': [3398], 'Center,': [3399], 'Farmington,': [3400], 'CT': [3401], '06030).': [3402], 'GFP': [3404, 3441], 'expressed': [3407, 3443], '7892-bp': [3412], 'fragment': [3413], 'dentin': [3416], 'protein-1': [3418], '(Dmp1)': [3419], 'together': [3421], '4439-bp': [3424], 'exon,': [3429], 'intron,': [3432], 'part': [3434], 'exon': [3436], '2.': [3437], 'almost': [3444], 'exclusively': [3445], 'preosteocytes.': [3449], 'This': [3450], 'model,': [3453], 'therefore,': [3454], 'provides': [3455, 3945], 'extremely': [3457], 'useful': [3458], 'tool': [3459], 'imaging': [3461], 'situ': [3466], 'within': [3467], 'bones': [3469, 3596, 3610, 3624, 3697, 3719, 3746, 3775], 'cultures': [3473], '46Yang': [3502], 'Matsuda': [3504], 'Bialek': [3506], 'Jacquot': [3508], 'Masuoka': [3510], 'H.C.': [3511], 'Schinke': [3512], 'Brancorsini': [3516], 'Sassone-Corsi': [3518], 'Townes': [3520], 'T.M.': [3521], 'Hanauer': [3522], 'Karsenty': [3524, 3556], '117:': [3528], '387-398Abstract': [3529], '(675)': [3537], '47Xiao': [3540], 'Ge': [3544], 'Zhao': [3546], 'Z.': [3547], 'Lai': [3548], 'Boules': [3550], 'Phimphilai': [3552], 'Franceschi': [3558], '30689-30696Abstract': [3565], '(200)': [3573], 'calvaria': [3577], '12-day-old': [3579], 'neonatal': [3580], 'Dmp1-GFP': [3581], 'excised,': [3584], 'periostea': [3587], 'carefully': [3589], 'removed': [3590], 'dissection': [3593], 'microscope.': [3594], 'overnight': [3599, 3650], '4': [3601, 3641, 3652, 3701, 3714, 4040], 'dark': [3605], 'neutral-buffered': [3607], 'formalin.': [3608], 'twice': [3614, 3666], '15': [3618, 3644, 4338], 'shaking.': [3621], 'Next,': [3622], 'decalcified': [3626, 4038], 'week': [3629], 'EDTA': [3632, 4044], 'Background': [3646], 'blocking': [3647], 'normal': [3657], 'horse': [3658], 'serum,': [3659], '0.05%': [3660], 'sodium': [3661], 'azide': [3662], 'PBS.': [3668], 'Because': [3669], 'monoclonal': [3676], 'against': [3677], '6793),': [3681], 'Vectastain-Elite': [3683, 3711, 3736], 'according': [3687], "manufacturer's": [3689], 'instructions': [3690], 'block': [3692], 'immunoglobulin.': [3695], 'diluted': [3709, 3733], 'diluent.': [3712], 'washes': [3715], '2': [3724, 3782], 'Cy3-conjugated': [3728], 'donkey': [3729], '1:250': [3734], 'diluent': [3737], 'Immunoresearch': [3739], 'Laboratories': [3740], 'Inc.,': [3741], 'West': [3742], 'Grove,': [3743], 'PA).': [3744], 'four': [3750], '4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole': [3757], 'nuclear': [3758], 'stain': [3759], '(4': [3760], 'PBS)': [3763], 'two': [3769], 'washes.': [3772], 'whole': [3774, 4246], 'mounted': [3777, 3896], 'coverslip': [3780], 'drops': [3783], '9:1': [3785], 'glycerol:PBS': [3786], 'N-propyl': [3789], 'gallate': [3790], 'anti-fade': [3793], 'reagent.': [3794], 'specimens': [3796], 'viewed': [3798, 3904], 'Nikon': [3801], 'E800': [3802], 'epifluorescent': [3805], 'illumination.': [3806], 'Digital': [3807], 'photographs': [3808], 'acquired': [3810], 'multiple': [3812, 4352], 'optical': [3813], 'planes': [3814], 'optronics': [3817], 'CCD': [3818], 'camera': [3819], 'driven': [3820], 'AnalySIS': [3823], 'software': [3824], '(Olympus': [3825], 'Soft': [3826], 'Imaging': [3827], 'Solutions': [3828], 'Corp,': [3829], 'Lakewood,': [3830], 'CO).': [3831], 'Extended': [3832], 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'procedure': [3944], 'information': [3946], 'regarding': [3947], 'developmental': [3948], 'abnormalities.': [3949], 'Embryos': [3950], '13.5': [3952], '(E13.5)': [3953], '15.5': [3955], '(E15.5)': [3956], 'gestation': [3959], 'collected': [3961], 'than': [3966], '95%': [3970], 'ethanol.': [3971], 'Samples': [3972, 4306], 'defatted': [3974], '2-3': [3976], 'acetone': [3979], 'stained': [3981, 3994, 4054], 'sequentially': [3982], 'Alcian': [3984], 'blue': [3985], 'red': [3988], 'S': [3989, 4391], '2%': [3991], 'KOH.': [3992], 'preparations': [3996], 'cleared': [3998], 'KOH,': [4001], '20%': [4002], 'glycerol': [4003, 4010], 'stored': [4005], '50%': [4007, 4009], 'EtOH,': [4008], 'Femurs': [4033], '12.5%': [4043], '2.5%': [4046], 'paraformaldehyde': [4047], 'saline.': [4050], 'Longitudinal': [4051], 'sections': [4052], 'hematoxylin': [4056], 'eosin': [4058], 'assess': [4060], 'histology': [4062], 'marrow': [4069], 'cavity': [4070], 'femurs': [4072, 4250], 'Microcomputed': [4095], 'Tomography': [4096], 'Analysis—The': [4097], 'distal': [4098], 'femoral': [4099], 'metaphyses': [4100, 4117], 'scanned': [4102], 'μCT': [4105], '40': [4106, 4310, 4332], '(Scanco': [4107], 'AG,': [4109], 'Bassersdorf,': [4110], 'Switzerland)': [4111], '167': [4113], 'slices': [4114, 4183], 'plate,': [4121], 'constituting': [4122], '1.0': [4123], 'length,': [4126, 4190], 'selected.': [4128, 4192], 'three-dimensional': [4130, 4151], 'values': [4137], 'gauss': [4140], 'filter': [4141], '(σ0.8,': [4142], 'support': [4143], '1)': [4144], 'threshold': [4147, 4374], '275.': [4149], 'image': [4152], 'determine': [4157], 'volume': [4159], '(BV/TV),': [4160], 'trabecular': [4161, 4164, 4168], 'number': [4162], '(Tb.N),': [4163], 'thickness': [4165, 4196], '(Tb.Th),': [4166], 'separation': [4169], '(Tb.Sp).': [4170], 'Cortical': [4171], 'mid-shaft': [4177], 'cortical': [4180, 4195, 4208], 'bone.': [4181], 'diaphysis,': [4186], '0.3': [4187], 'mean': [4194], 'distance': [4200], 'measurements': 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