Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2082073570', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90028-t', 'title': 'An efficient implementation of vector clocks', 'display_name': 'An efficient implementation of vector clocks', 'publication_year': 1992, 'publication_date': '1992-08-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2082073570', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90028-t', 'mag': '2082073570'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90028-t', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S147953040', 'display_name': 'Information Processing Letters', 'issn_l': '0020-0190', 'issn': ['0020-0190', '1872-6119'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058282709', 'display_name': 'Mukesh Singhal', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0497-1942'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I52357470', 'display_name': 'The Ohio State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00rs6vg23', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I52357470']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mukesh Singhal', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I52357470']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030287525', 'display_name': 'Ajay D. Kshemkalyani', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2451-7306'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I52357470', 'display_name': 'The Ohio State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00rs6vg23', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I52357470']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ajay Kshemkalyani', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I52357470']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2200, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2200, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 6.227, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 158, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999757, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '43', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '47', 'last_page': '52'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10772', 'display_name': 'Distributed systems and fault tolerance', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1705', 'display_name': 'Computer Networks and Communications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10772', 'display_name': 'Distributed systems and fault tolerance', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1705', 'display_name': 'Computer Networks and Communications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10054', 'display_name': 'Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1708', 'display_name': 'Hardware and Architecture'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11181', 'display_name': 'Advanced Data Storage Technologies', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1705', 'display_name': 'Computer Networks and Communications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-clock', 'display_name': 'Vector clock', 'score': 0.5660684}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C113954288', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186885', 'display_name': 'Timestamp', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8964351}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7578068}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777145635', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515636', 'display_name': 'FIFO (computing and electronics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.69780886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52563298', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413349', 'display_name': 'Vector clock', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5660684}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120314980', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634', 'display_name': 'Distributed computing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.554723}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C80444323', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974', 'display_name': 'Theoretical computer science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42409867}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C184720557', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049', 'display_name': 'Topology (electrical circuits)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.35803518}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C173608175', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661', 'display_name': 'Parallel computing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33949438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778562939', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791', 'display_name': 'Synchronization (alternating current)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.29450238}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79403827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988', 'display_name': 'Real-time computing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2841638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129891060', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059', 'display_name': 'Clock synchronization', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.25510675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31258907', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371', 'display_name': 'Computer network', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19887388}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12959298}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.12579602}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127162648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953', 'display_name': 'Channel (broadcasting)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114614502', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592', 'display_name': 'Combinatorics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90028-t', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S147953040', 'display_name': 'Information Processing Letters', 'issn_l': '0020-0190', 'issn': ['0020-0190', '1872-6119'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 16, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1512343371', 'https://openalex.org/W1582044627', 'https://openalex.org/W1652742168', 'https://openalex.org/W1970132052', 'https://openalex.org/W1990986484', 'https://openalex.org/W2007840840', 'https://openalex.org/W2014806070', 'https://openalex.org/W2052915895', 'https://openalex.org/W2071933194', 'https://openalex.org/W2116746874', 'https://openalex.org/W2119182987', 'https://openalex.org/W2119636671', 'https://openalex.org/W2138684507', 'https://openalex.org/W2167065715', 'https://openalex.org/W3137220996', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2774277407', 'https://openalex.org/W2743046373', 'https://openalex.org/W2386940418', 'https://openalex.org/W2354420180', 'https://openalex.org/W2149247301', 'https://openalex.org/W2082073570', 'https://openalex.org/W2015379810', 'https://openalex.org/W2012394975', 'https://openalex.org/W2003535246', 'https://openalex.org/W1983974924'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2082073570', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T23:49:51.716772', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}