Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2077626770', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-5013-00132', 'title': 'PCR amplification and polymorphism analysis of the intergenic spacer region of ribosomal DNA in Tuber borchii', 'display_name': 'PCR amplification and polymorphism analysis of the intergenic spacer region of ribosomal DNA in Tuber borchii', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2077626770', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-5013-00132', 'mag': '2077626770', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11911615'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-5013-00132', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S106450229', 'display_name': 'Microbiological Research', 'issn_l': '0944-5013', 'issn': ['0944-5013', '1618-0623'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-5013-00132', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052110836', 'display_name': 'Pasquapina Ciarmela', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-3786'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I190397597', 'display_name': 'University of Urbino', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04q4kt073', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Pasquapina Ciarmela', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073694807', 'display_name': 'Lucia Potenza', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3619-9413'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I190397597', 'display_name': 'University of Urbino', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04q4kt073', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lucia Potenza', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090890224', 'display_name': 'Luigi Cucchiarini', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I190397597', 'display_name': 'University of Urbino', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04q4kt073', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Luigi Cucchiarini', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040319467', 'display_name': 'Sabrina Donati Zeppa', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-0752'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I190397597', 'display_name': 'University of Urbino', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04q4kt073', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sabrina Zeppa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031713175', 'display_name': 'Vilberto Stocchi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3269-9410'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I190397597', 'display_name': 'University of Urbino', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04q4kt073', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Vilberto Stocchi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Chimica Biologica “Giorgio Fornaini”, Università degli Studi di Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I190397597']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4020, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4020, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.377, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 6, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.423629, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 75, 'max': 77}, 'biblio': {'volume': '157', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '69', 'last_page': '74'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10825', 'display_name': 'Diversity and Evolution of Fungal Pathogens', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10825', 'display_name': 'Diversity and Evolution of Fungal Pathogens', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10451', 'display_name': 'Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10076', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms of Plant Immune Response', 'score': 0.996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/intergenic-region', 'display_name': 'Intergenic region', 'score': 0.6961752}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spacer-dna', 'display_name': 'Spacer DNA', 'score': 0.66097015}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/primer', 'display_name': 'Primer (cosmetics)', 'score': 0.6136698}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogen-diversity', 'display_name': 'Pathogen Diversity', 'score': 0.477283}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/repeated-sequence', 'display_name': 'Repeated sequence', 'score': 0.4164302}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9373845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195139083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3463539', 'display_name': 'Intergenic region', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6961752}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207812311', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426560', 'display_name': 'Ribosomal DNA', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.68516845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C116029586', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4675666', 'display_name': 'Spacer DNA', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.66097015}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C131892835', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770985', 'display_name': 'Intraspecific competition', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62028944}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777563447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7243397', 'display_name': 'Primer (cosmetics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6136698}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67905577', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215980', 'display_name': 'Ribosomal RNA', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.54405016}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49105822', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996', 'display_name': 'Polymerase chain reaction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5413582}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22860579', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7322402', 'display_name': 'Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer analysis', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5277014}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.49240363}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4810091}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169802333', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424473', 'display_name': 'Repeated sequence', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4164302}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155794727', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306414', 'display_name': 'Internal transcribed spacer', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.39525044}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.181164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90132467', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171184', 'display_name': 'Phylogenetics', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.111200005}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141231307', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020', 'display_name': 'Genome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.099714875}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001203', 'descriptor_name': 'Ascomycota', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D021903', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Ribosomal Spacer', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016133', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001203', 'descriptor_name': 'Ascomycota', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004271', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Fungal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004271', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Fungal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D021903', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Ribosomal Spacer', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D025282', 'descriptor_name': 'Mycelium', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D025282', 'descriptor_name': 'Mycelium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016133', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012150', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-5013-00132', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S106450229', 'display_name': 'Microbiological Research', 'issn_l': '0944-5013', 'issn': ['0944-5013', '1618-0623'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11911615', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-5013-00132', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S106450229', 'display_name': 'Microbiological Research', 'issn_l': '0944-5013', 'issn': ['0944-5013', '1618-0623'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Life on land', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15', 'score': 0.46}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 35, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1537628554', 'https://openalex.org/W1791554189', 'https://openalex.org/W1977859092', 'https://openalex.org/W1981081814', 'https://openalex.org/W1983563284', 'https://openalex.org/W2008166564', 'https://openalex.org/W2009543827', 'https://openalex.org/W2011818781', 'https://openalex.org/W2020837394', 'https://openalex.org/W2022570773', 'https://openalex.org/W2036299906', 'https://openalex.org/W2037431220', 'https://openalex.org/W2039440320', 'https://openalex.org/W2040929803', 'https://openalex.org/W2047041185', 'https://openalex.org/W2062564665', 'https://openalex.org/W2065890936', 'https://openalex.org/W2082534621', 'https://openalex.org/W2083167921', 'https://openalex.org/W2109841319', 'https://openalex.org/W2110505198', 'https://openalex.org/W2110533613', 'https://openalex.org/W2114004878', 'https://openalex.org/W2114136095', 'https://openalex.org/W2127331225', 'https://openalex.org/W2144430467', 'https://openalex.org/W2163961971', 'https://openalex.org/W2167319640', 'https://openalex.org/W2216938229', 'https://openalex.org/W2326790918', 'https://openalex.org/W2477002986', 'https://openalex.org/W2509401314', 'https://openalex.org/W4213207070', 'https://openalex.org/W422807684', 'https://openalex.org/W4232202138'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W885294193', 'https://openalex.org/W4230826000', 'https://openalex.org/W4200320036', 'https://openalex.org/W3139725499', 'https://openalex.org/W2356471426', 'https://openalex.org/W2134440787', 'https://openalex.org/W2031846662', 'https://openalex.org/W1992870446', 'https://openalex.org/W1977249437', 'https://openalex.org/W1591281044'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'PCR': [0], 'amplification': [1, 28, 84], 'of': [2, 9, 40], 'the': [3, 10, 41, 50, 59, 72, 75], 'complete': [4], 'intergenic': [5], 'spacer': [6], 'region': [7], '(IGS)': [8], 'Tuber': [11], 'borchii': [12], 'nuclear': [13], 'ribosomal': [14], 'repeat': [15], 'was': [16, 34, 46, 78], 'obtained': [17, 57], 'using': [18], 'universal': [19], 'primers': [20], 'CNL12': [21], 'and': [22, 52, 88, 93], 'NS1rev.': [23], 'In': [24], 'order': [25], 'to': [26], 'improve': [27], 'yield': [29], 'a': [30, 37], 'specific': [31], 'primer,': [32], 'T1,': [33], 'selected': [35], 'from': [36], 'partial': [38], 'sequence': [39], 'IGS': [42, 44, 76], 'product.': [43], 'diversity': [45], 'characterized': [47], 'both': [48], 'at': [49, 58, 71], 'intraindividual': [51, 60], 'intraspecific': [53, 73], 'level.': [54], 'The': [55], 'results': [56], 'level': [61, 74], 'showed': [62], '10%': [63], 'varying': [64], 'repeats': [65], 'on': [66], 'ten': [67], 'screened': [68], 'colonies,': [69], 'while': [70], 'polymorphism': [77], 'evident': [79], 'as': [80], 'difference': [81], 'in': [82], 'length': [83], 'between': [85], 'mycelial': [86], 'strains': [87], 'fruit': [89], 'bodies:': [90], '3.5': [91], 'kb': [92, 95], '2': [94], 'respectively.': [96]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2077626770', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-15T08:26:01.978072', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}