Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2077567580', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(77)90500-8', 'title': 'Cross tolerance between morphine and β-endorphin in vivo', 'display_name': 'Cross tolerance between morphine and β-endorphin in vivo', 'publication_year': 1977, 'publication_date': '1977-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2077567580', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(77)90500-8', 'mag': '2077567580', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/850476'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(77)90500-8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S175775512', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences', 'issn_l': '0024-3205', 'issn': ['0024-3205', '1879-0631'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5087332217', 'display_name': 'József I. Székely', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['HU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'József I. Székely', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5091408930', 'display_name': 'András Z. Rónal', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['HU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'András Z. Rónal', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024125105', 'display_name': 'Zsuzsa Dunai-Kovàcs', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['HU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zsuzsa Dunai-Kovács', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004200696', 'display_name': 'Erzsèbet Miglècz', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['HU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Erzsébet Miglécz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5113637980', 'display_name': 'S. Bajusz', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['HU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sándor Bajusz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109920952', 'display_name': 'László Gráf', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['HU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'László Gráf', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1325 Budapest, P.O. Box 82., Hungary', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3300, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3300, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.904, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 40, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.573614, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '20', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '1259', 'last_page': '1264'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10814', 'display_name': 'Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10814', 'display_name': 'Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11178', 'display_name': 'Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10911', 'display_name': 'Chemical Synthesis and Analysis', 'score': 0.9946, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/endorphins', 'display_name': 'Endorphins', 'score': 0.83196604}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-tolerance', 'display_name': 'Cross-tolerance', 'score': 0.8064859}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-tolerance', 'display_name': 'Drug tolerance', 'score': 0.45659882}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-endorphin', 'display_name': 'beta-Endorphin', 'score': 0.42598855}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777389121', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81225', 'display_name': 'Morphine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9298848}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778680817', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190528', 'display_name': 'Endorphins', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.83196604}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C946728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746408', 'display_name': 'Cross-tolerance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8064859}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C46762472', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178648', 'display_name': 'Peripheral', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6192552}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207001950', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124', 'display_name': 'In vivo', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5934206}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5129311}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.48470688}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780820201', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173235', 'display_name': 'Analgesic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.474664}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779985140', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425425', 'display_name': 'Drug tolerance', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45659882}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777557602', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2993328', 'display_name': 'beta-Endorphin', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42598855}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57992300', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2066956', 'display_name': 'Potency', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41022202}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3398869}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33695972}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.29977056}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202751555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681', 'display_name': 'In vitro', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.19279584}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1292013}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06699026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150903083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108', 'display_name': 'Biotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D004723', 'descriptor_name': 'Endorphins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009020', 'descriptor_name': 'Morphine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010455', 'descriptor_name': 'Peptides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000700', 'descriptor_name': 'Analgesics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004305', 'descriptor_name': 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004361', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Tolerance', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004723', 'descriptor_name': 'Endorphins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007274', 'descriptor_name': 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007276', 'descriptor_name': 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009020', 'descriptor_name': 'Morphine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000008', 'qualifier_name': 'administration & dosage', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009020', 'descriptor_name': 'Morphine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010455', 'descriptor_name': 'Peptides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011930', 'descriptor_name': 'Reaction Time', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011930', 'descriptor_name': 'Reaction Time', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(77)90500-8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S175775512', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences', 'issn_l': '0024-3205', 'issn': ['0024-3205', '1879-0631'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/850476', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 16, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1965401354', 'https://openalex.org/W1965530745', 'https://openalex.org/W1968773017', 'https://openalex.org/W1984959935', 'https://openalex.org/W1984996267', 'https://openalex.org/W1998358289', 'https://openalex.org/W1999331825', 'https://openalex.org/W2010051841', 'https://openalex.org/W2011752826', 'https://openalex.org/W2024808412', 'https://openalex.org/W2026166868', 'https://openalex.org/W2054951528', 'https://openalex.org/W2055834690', 'https://openalex.org/W2074114058', 'https://openalex.org/W2081111271', 'https://openalex.org/W2094797171'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3037926329', 'https://openalex.org/W2407662096', 'https://openalex.org/W2404703847', 'https://openalex.org/W2133591619', 'https://openalex.org/W2091241147', 'https://openalex.org/W2090273960', 'https://openalex.org/W2087626331', 'https://openalex.org/W2032307762', 'https://openalex.org/W1991416166', 'https://openalex.org/W1964192797'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2077567580', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T23:06:12.416553', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}