Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2076018337', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2307/2259818', 'title': 'Competition and Spacing Patterns in Desert Shrubs', 'display_name': 'Competition and Spacing Patterns in Desert Shrubs', 'publication_year': 1981, 'publication_date': '1981-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2076018337', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2307/2259818', 'mag': '2076018337'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2307/2259818', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S11271929', 'display_name': 'Journal of Ecology', 'issn_l': '0022-0477', 'issn': ['0022-0477', '1365-2745'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067571613', 'display_name': 'Donald L. Phillips', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Donald L. Phillips', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032229079', 'display_name': 'James A. MacMahon', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'James A. MacMahon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3400, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3400, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.686, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 261, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.994374, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '69', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '97', 'last_page': '97'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13015', 'display_name': 'Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13015', 'display_name': 'Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13388', 'display_name': 'Rangeland and Wildlife Management', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10005', 'display_name': 'Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2309', 'display_name': 'Nature and Landscape Conservation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91306197', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767', 'display_name': 'Competition (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7490053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6019126}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.49312374}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141282968', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1387972', 'display_name': 'Plant ecology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47874278}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2307/2259818', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S11271929', 'display_name': 'Journal of Ecology', 'issn_l': '0022-0477', 'issn': ['0022-0477', '1365-2745'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15', 'display_name': 'Life on land', 'score': 0.58}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 53, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W102180374', 'https://openalex.org/W1564430264', 'https://openalex.org/W1963918571', 'https://openalex.org/W1971653847', 'https://openalex.org/W1973309618', 'https://openalex.org/W1973729945', 'https://openalex.org/W1974402131', 'https://openalex.org/W1978496584', 'https://openalex.org/W1980044116', 'https://openalex.org/W1996704881', 'https://openalex.org/W2003323937', 'https://openalex.org/W2004952120', 'https://openalex.org/W2005172882', 'https://openalex.org/W2005269848', 'https://openalex.org/W2006179001', 'https://openalex.org/W2016802407', 'https://openalex.org/W2020065064', 'https://openalex.org/W2024650452', 'https://openalex.org/W2039582263', 'https://openalex.org/W20399517', 'https://openalex.org/W2041618425', 'https://openalex.org/W2047367811', 'https://openalex.org/W2049763161', 'https://openalex.org/W2056345477', 'https://openalex.org/W2060705217', 'https://openalex.org/W2069605192', 'https://openalex.org/W2077454220', 'https://openalex.org/W2080315816', 'https://openalex.org/W2147308016', 'https://openalex.org/W2152105290', 'https://openalex.org/W2162857077', 'https://openalex.org/W2313485181', 'https://openalex.org/W2313785565', 'https://openalex.org/W2314725969', 'https://openalex.org/W2317036259', 'https://openalex.org/W2318603080', 'https://openalex.org/W2319223760', 'https://openalex.org/W2322275392', 'https://openalex.org/W2323946667', 'https://openalex.org/W2325593408', 'https://openalex.org/W2326455476', 'https://openalex.org/W2326576116', 'https://openalex.org/W2331122840', 'https://openalex.org/W2334572195', 'https://openalex.org/W2334957632', 'https://openalex.org/W2512097993', 'https://openalex.org/W264285447', 'https://openalex.org/W2795458166', 'https://openalex.org/W2799903922', 'https://openalex.org/W2800048141', 'https://openalex.org/W2802247832', 'https://openalex.org/W2910157817', 'https://openalex.org/W309905267'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2788277189', 'https://openalex.org/W2130076355', 'https://openalex.org/W2119695867', 'https://openalex.org/W2082860237', 'https://openalex.org/W2076098400', 'https://openalex.org/W2046158694', 'https://openalex.org/W2013243191', 'https://openalex.org/W1993764875', 'https://openalex.org/W1990804418', 'https://openalex.org/W1971568933'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'SUMMARY': [0], '(1)': [1], 'Spacing': [2], 'patterns': [3], 'of': [4, 11, 25, 73, 82, 91, 123, 133], 'shrubs': [5, 27, 48, 62], 'were': [6, 28, 103], 'studied': [7], 'on': [8, 137], 'a': [9, 57, 65], 'series': [10], 'sites': [12], 'in': [13, 23, 112], 'the': [14, 70, 76, 89, 95, 113, 124, 140, 145], 'Mojave': [15, 146], 'and': [16, 21, 40, 60, 147], 'Sonoran': [17, 148], 'Deserts.': [18, 149], 'Both': [19], 'aggregation': [20], 'regularity': [22, 41], 'dispersion': [24], 'individual': [26], 'fairly': [29], 'common.': [30], 'Aggregation': [31], 'may': [32], 'result': [33], 'from': [34, 42], 'vegetative': [35], 'reproduction': [36], 'or': [37, 108], 'environmental': [38], 'heterogeneity,': [39], 'competition': [43, 74], 'among': [44], 'plants.': [45], '(2)': [46], 'Small': [47], 'tend': [49, 55, 63], 'to': [50, 56, 64, 97, 106, 120], 'be': [51], 'clumped,': [52], 'medium-sized': [53], 'ones': [54], 'random': [58], 'arrangement,': [59], 'large': [61], 'regular': [66], 'pattern.': [67], 'This': [68], 'suggests': [69], 'increasing': [71], 'importance': [72], 'as': [75], 'plants': [77, 85, 118], 'grow.': [78], '(3)': [79], 'Further': [80], 'evidence': [81], 'interference': [83], 'between': [84], 'was': [86], 'provided': [87], 'by': [88], 'correlations': [90], 'plant': [92], 'size': [93], 'with': [94], 'distance': [96], 'their': [98], 'neighbours.': [99], '(4)': [100], 'Root': [101], 'systems': [102], 'extensive': [104], 'enough': [105], 'abut': [107], 'overlap': [109], 'each': [110], 'other': [111, 129], 'interplant': [114], 'spaces.': [115], '(5)': [116], 'Most': [117], 'tended': [119], 'have': [121], 'neighbours': [122], 'same': [125], 'species': [126], 'rather': [127], 'than': [128], 'species.': [130], '(6)': [131], 'None': [132], 'these': [134], 'results': [135], 'depended': [136], 'position': [138], 'along': [139], 'considerable': [141], 'climatic': [142], 'gradients': [143], 'across': [144]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2076018337', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-11T09:48:39.673633', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}