Investigating the Role of the Little Finger Domain of Y-family DNA Polymerases in Low Fidelity Synthesis and Translesion Replication

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
François Boudsocq; Robert J. Kokoska; Brian S. Plosky; Alexandra Vaisman; Hong Ling; Thomas A. Kunkel; Wei Yang; Roger Woodgate
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'https://openalex.org/W2078734222', 'https://openalex.org/W2079955502', 'https://openalex.org/W2084389829', 'https://openalex.org/W2102334286', 'https://openalex.org/W2106315897', 'https://openalex.org/W2110612352', 'https://openalex.org/W2111233038', 'https://openalex.org/W2119212185', 'https://openalex.org/W2130593161', 'https://openalex.org/W2132005715', 'https://openalex.org/W2135053234', 'https://openalex.org/W2142513910', 'https://openalex.org/W2146648527', 'https://openalex.org/W2150600180'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W909894712', 'https://openalex.org/W4234093616', 'https://openalex.org/W2144168750', 'https://openalex.org/W2126915623', 'https://openalex.org/W2114345540', 'https://openalex.org/W2092998957', 'https://openalex.org/W2074222122', 'https://openalex.org/W2064291905', 'https://openalex.org/W2015471659', 'https://openalex.org/W1996851263'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Dpo4': [0, 29, 51, 112, 228, 257, 279, 340, 929, 984, 1265, 1407, 1469, 1483, 1525, 1537, 1911, 2200, 2356, 2374, 2492, 3107, 3661, 3835, 3891, 3914, 3921, 3955, 4001, 4033, 4113, 4137, 4235, 4297, 4352, 4427, 4450, 4486, 4599], 'and': [1, 101, 113, 157, 163, 188, 194, 220, 229, 329, 341, 385, 391, 416, 422, 448, 549, 599, 687, 807, 809, 833, 837, 911, 923, 932, 943, 946, 990, 1035, 1101, 1114, 1120, 1160, 1205, 1256, 1406, 1472, 1592, 1645, 1718, 1744, 1773, 1891, 1950, 1968, 2033, 2049, 2064, 2066, 2081, 2097, 2132, 2174, 2234, 2248, 2289, 2307, 2320, 2322, 2345, 2350, 2370, 2375, 2410, 2425, 2436, 2438, 2452, 2457, 2462, 2475, 2563, 2632, 2667, 2700, 2720, 2744, 2852, 2863, 2897, 2908, 2927, 2939, 2942, 2964, 2969, 3033, 3076, 3082, 3088, 3094, 3108, 3129, 3137, 3165, 3177, 3183, 3319, 3337, 3358, 3399, 3420, 3457, 3506, 3515, 3537, 3554, 3667, 3706, 3760, 3794, 3887, 3892, 3905, 3910, 3932, 3953, 3956, 4188, 4236, 4287, 4307, 4344, 4449], 'Dbh': [2, 39, 60, 114, 130, 230, 267, 288, 342, 358, 1113, 1116, 1250, 1405, 1625, 1836, 1925, 1967, 2349, 2381, 3116, 3649, 3844, 3896, 3909, 3929, 3957, 4068, 4109, 4141, 4245, 4580], 'are': [3, 69, 86, 142, 231, 297, 314, 370, 543, 597, 600, 820, 914, 1104, 1526, 1724, 2519, 2553, 3110, 3713, 3938, 3970, 4038, 4054, 4228, 4248, 4278, 4370], 'Y-family': [4, 105, 210, 226, 232, 333, 438, 454, 595, 623, 1033, 1058, 1089, 1877, 3748, 3963, 3992, 4362], 'polymerases': [5, 20, 211, 233, 248, 439, 502, 513, 542, 555, 596, 624, 795, 805, 825, 922, 1059, 1415, 1534, 1705, 1878, 2484, 3964, 4581], 'that': [6, 132, 146, 202, 234, 360, 374, 430, 478, 529, 622, 818, 827, 847, 979, 985, 1039, 1078, 1098, 1185, 1536, 1707, 1729, 1865, 1904, 1913, 1928, 1937, 1974, 2488, 2535, 2600, 2640, 2741, 2991, 3105, 3246, 3683, 3738, 3764, 3800, 3968, 3999, 4037, 4111, 4139, 4257, 4292, 4350, 4369, 4376, 4402, 4494], 'originate': [7, 235, 3687], 'from': [8, 236, 796, 1171, 1176, 1243, 1253, 1846, 1914, 1987, 1992, 2396, 2614, 2715, 2794, 3593, 3688, 4149], 'two': [9, 19, 67, 237, 247, 295, 802, 1107, 1414, 1704, 1736, 2017, 3663, 3677, 4274], 'closely': [10, 238, 1108], 'related': [11, 239, 545, 1109, 3689, 4497], 'strains': [12, 240], 'of': [13, 35, 94, 104, 111, 129, 133, 138, 209, 223, 241, 263, 322, 332, 339, 357, 361, 366, 437, 451, 471, 482, 522, 526, 539, 606, 740, 801, 813, 928, 970, 983, 1027, 1088, 1095, 1198, 1274, 1298, 1490, 1524, 1530, 1702, 1721, 1734, 1784, 1876, 1910, 1929, 1953, 1962, 1966, 1969, 1981, 2085, 2108, 2130, 2152, 2169, 2341, 2348, 2354, 2373, 2379, 2392, 2448, 2471, 2515, 2523, 2540, 2547, 2566, 2581, 2604, 2679, 2772, 2780, 2819, 2837, 2859, 2888, 2891, 2936, 2957, 2972, 3018, 3026, 3045, 3053, 3064, 3125, 3170, 3189, 3201, 3217, 3333, 3364, 3394, 3402, 3500, 3511, 3559, 3644, 3659, 3672, 3675, 3709, 3747, 3780, 3806, 3814, 3890, 3895, 3908, 3920, 3947, 3982, 4067, 4079, 4091, 4108, 4112, 4122, 4126, 4136, 4140, 4146, 4193, 4207, 4234, 4262, 4272, 4285, 4296, 4333, 4341, 4360, 4372, 4386, 4390, 4401, 4403, 4426, 4446, 4464, 4485, 4495, 4595], 'Sulfolobaceae.': [14, 242], 'Quite': [15, 243], 'surprisingly,': [16, 244], 'however,': [17, 245, 1786], 'the': [18, 66, 73, 92, 95, 99, 126, 135, 139, 147, 178, 203, 218, 246, 294, 301, 320, 323, 327, 354, 363, 367, 375, 406, 431, 446, 462, 468, 533, 685, 738, 741, 810, 851, 925, 936, 941, 949, 971, 977, 987, 995, 1003, 1020, 1024, 1028, 1032, 1047, 1053, 1056, 1076, 1079, 1084, 1096, 1156, 1177, 1195, 1206, 1240, 1272, 1299, 1381, 1404, 1413, 1520, 1531, 1703, 1715, 1722, 1730, 1735, 1752, 1768, 1771, 1782, 1792, 1795, 1801, 1804, 1810, 1815, 1847, 1852, 1863, 1866, 1873, 1888, 1892, 1907, 1918, 1931, 1938, 1948, 1963, 1970, 2067, 2086, 2090, 2150, 2153, 2189, 2199, 2325, 2342, 2351, 2355, 2367, 2376, 2380, 2390, 2441, 2449, 2463, 2516, 2521, 2529, 2541, 2545, 2550, 2567, 2584, 2596, 2605, 2610, 2641, 2646, 2680, 2685, 2708, 2735, 2778, 2781, 2807, 2811, 2886, 2898, 2940, 2955, 3016, 3019, 3042, 3051, 3059, 3067, 3126, 3130, 3168, 3198, 3218, 3254, 3297, 3392, 3395, 3557, 3602, 3676, 3703, 3710, 3718, 3736, 3739, 3744, 3756, 3761, 3766, 3770, 3781, 3792, 3798, 3803, 3807, 3811, 3839, 3845, 3860, 3870, 3875, 3884, 3893, 3902, 3911, 3928, 3979, 4047, 4070, 4076, 4083, 4088, 4100, 4104, 4120, 4123, 4127, 4132, 4143, 4164, 4205, 4232, 4237, 4258, 4265, 4269, 4273, 4281, 4293, 4301, 4310, 4314, 4357, 4361, 4444, 4447, 4452, 4460, 4465, 4483, 4496, 4593, 4596], 'exhibit': [21, 249, 1416], 'different': [22, 250, 1417, 1731], 'enzymatic': [23, 136, 219, 251, 364, 447, 1086, 1418, 1732, 1874, 1951, 3745, 4367], 'properties': [24, 137, 222, 252, 365, 450, 1050, 1087, 1419, 1523, 1733, 1875, 1952, 3746, 4368], 'in': [25, 78, 98, 115, 145, 185, 216, 253, 306, 326, 343, 373, 413, 444, 461, 466, 491, 602, 628, 666, 684, 733, 747, 826, 919, 924, 1031, 1043, 1052, 1148, 1167, 1271, 1500, 1535, 1708, 1741, 1751, 1794, 1803, 1871, 1879, 1886, 1946, 1960, 2089, 2156, 2198, 2455, 2544, 2556, 2625, 2645, 2674, 2684, 2686, 2777, 2784, 2866, 2954, 3028, 3066, 3167, 3259, 3702, 3743, 3754, 3810, 3843, 4042, 4058, 4119, 4176, 4231, 4298, 4356, 4375], 'vitro.': [26, 254], 'For': [27, 255, 1749, 1835, 3994], 'example,': [28, 256, 1750, 3995], 'can': [30, 152, 258, 380, 1484, 1538, 2570, 3102, 4378, 4600], 'replicate': [31, 259, 3134], 'past': [32, 260, 463], 'a': [33, 43, 158, 213, 261, 271, 386, 441, 479, 523, 830, 844, 980, 1385, 1627, 1640, 1643, 1943, 2047, 2105, 2144, 2182, 2274, 2337, 2393, 2652, 2816, 2980, 2995, 3140, 3145, 3249, 3292, 3313, 3360, 3651, 3786, 3934, 4063, 4116, 4154, 4183, 4189, 4211, 4342, 4387, 4391, 4430, 4457, 4489, 4590, 4602], 'variety': [34, 262, 525], 'DNA': [36, 192, 264, 420, 488, 527, 674, 794, 931, 1165, 2272, 2671, 2791, 2814, 3136, 3482, 3546, 3591, 3986, 4026, 4186, 4306, 4339], 'lesions,': [37, 265], 'yet': [38, 266, 1412], 'does': [40, 268, 4072], 'so': [41, 269], 'with': [42, 131, 270, 359, 608, 793, 930, 1239, 1650, 1779, 1912, 1927, 2016, 2062, 2079, 2276, 2318, 2398, 2434, 2754, 3291, 3296, 3391, 3655, 3724, 3868, 3962, 4110, 4138, 4182, 4280, 4300, 4433], 'much': [44, 272, 999, 1628, 4055], 'lower': [45, 273], 'efficiency.': [46, 274], 'When': [47, 275], 'replicating': [48, 170, 276, 398, 1633, 4023], 'undamaged': [49, 171, 277, 399, 1634, 3135, 3205, 3219, 3343], 'DNA,': [50, 278, 1491, 1635], 'is': [52, 76, 149, 175, 182, 280, 304, 377, 403, 410, 489, 938, 974, 998, 1023, 1037, 1470, 1626, 1636, 1789, 1941, 2775, 2864, 3022, 3195, 3650, 3662, 3700, 3721, 3837, 3848, 3922, 4002, 4223, 4264, 4353, 4491], 'prone': [53, 281, 494], 'to': [54, 190, 282, 418, 515, 518, 546, 743, 823, 1046, 1083, 1189, 1480, 1495, 1638, 1710, 1791, 1814, 1837, 1843, 1850, 1856, 1978, 2142, 2180, 2251, 2480, 2616, 2623, 2704, 2810, 2902, 2920, 2994, 3037, 3040, 3133, 3138, 3543, 3600, 3769, 3784, 3802, 3880, 4030, 4060, 4069, 4095, 4115, 4158, 4167, 4201, 4313, 4397, 4428, 4436, 4455, 4487, 4588], 'make': [55, 283, 1917, 3881], 'base': [56, 166, 284, 394, 1641, 4591], 'pair': [57, 167, 285, 395], 'substitutions,': [58, 286], 'whereas': [59, 287, 731, 3842, 4240], 'predominantly': [61, 164, 289, 392], 'makes': [62, 165, 290, 393], 'single-base': [63, 196, 291, 424], 'deletions.': [64, 292], 'Overall,': [65, 293, 1403], 'proteins': [68, 296, 1408, 1723, 2543, 2552, 2569, 3686, 3753], '54%': [70, 298, 1410, 3694], 'identical,': [71, 299], 'but': [72, 205, 300, 433, 2508], 'greatest': [74, 302], 'divergence': [75, 303, 1041], 'found': [77, 305, 601, 918, 2534, 3701], 'their': [79, 117, 307, 345, 1742], 'respective': [80, 308, 2782, 3757, 4259], 'little': [81, 309, 677, 787, 1774, 1805, 1811, 1853, 4586], 'finger': [82, 310, 912, 950, 1775, 1806, 1812, 1854], '(LF)': [83, 311, 854], 'domains,': [84, 312], 'which': [85, 116, 181, 313, 344, 409, 1887, 2785, 3712, 3755, 4197, 4290, 4584], 'only': [87, 315, 1778, 3693, 3725, 4229], '41%': [88, 316, 3726], 'identical.': [89, 317, 3715], 'To': [90, 318, 1073, 1861, 3734], 'investigate': [91, 319, 1075, 1862, 3735], 'role': [93, 215, 321, 443, 1077, 1864, 3737], 'LF': [96, 118, 127, 207, 324, 346, 355, 435, 944, 996, 1021, 1080, 1747, 1867, 1889, 1908, 1926, 1939, 2154, 2352, 2377, 3719, 3740, 3758, 3767, 3852, 3894, 3912, 3918, 3930, 4101, 4106, 4134, 4260, 4294, 4334], 'domain': [97, 128, 208, 325, 356, 436, 846, 951, 1022, 1081, 1797, 1813, 1849, 1855, 1868, 1909, 1940, 2155, 2259, 2353, 2378, 3720, 3741, 3768, 3772, 3813, 3853, 3919, 4107, 4135, 4261, 4295, 4303], 'fidelity': [100, 328, 501, 535, 921, 3975], 'lesion-bypassing': [102, 330], 'abilities': [103, 331], 'polymerases,': [106, 334, 1034, 1090, 1112, 3711, 3749, 4363], 'we': [107, 335, 1091, 1881, 1916, 2533, 3750, 4255], 'have': [108, 120, 336, 348, 516, 550, 1092, 1882, 1895, 1975, 3965, 4348, 4585], 'generated': [109, 337, 2197, 2257, 3605, 4242], 'chimeras': [110, 338, 1885, 2140, 3132, 3882, 3937], 'domains': [119, 347, 913, 945, 1030, 1720, 1776, 1890, 2347, 2372, 3759, 3889, 3907], 'been': [121, 349, 459, 476, 551, 849, 1203, 1896, 1976, 4395], 'interchanged.': [122, 350], 'Interestingly,': [123, 351, 1019, 3697, 4087], 'by': [124, 352, 496, 976, 1122, 1211, 1905, 1923, 2161, 2258, 2389, 2573, 2651, 2692, 2729, 2746, 2805, 2885, 2932, 3324, 3447, 3521, 3540, 3550, 3951, 4243, 4440], 'replacing': [125, 353, 1906, 1924, 4131], 'Dpo4,': [134, 362, 1930, 2472, 2937, 3085, 3127, 3419, 3439, 4061], 'chimeric': [140, 368, 2338, 2450, 3752, 4238], 'enzyme': [141, 148, 369, 376, 1479, 1919, 1932, 2052, 2147, 2186, 3027, 3065, 3864, 4029, 4166, 4209, 4453], 'more': [143, 150, 183, 371, 378, 411, 499, 613, 1486, 1629, 1740, 1920, 1934, 3112, 4003, 4202], 'Dpo4-like': [144, 372], 'processive,': [151, 379], 'bypass': [153, 191, 381, 419, 1522, 1539, 3139, 4379, 4389, 4429, 4488, 4601], 'an': [154, 382, 492, 933, 1172, 1647, 2524, 3342, 3461, 3656, 3669], 'abasic': [155, 383, 1593, 1648, 2710, 3142, 3208, 3264, 4604], 'site': [156, 384, 1649, 2148, 2187, 2195, 2711, 3143, 3790, 3799, 3847, 4605], 'thymine-thymine': [159, 387, 1540], 'cyclobutane': [160, 388, 680, 1541, 2737, 3147, 4381], 'pyrimidine': [161, 389, 681, 1542, 2738, 3148, 4382], 'dimer,': [162, 390], 'substitutions': [168, 396], 'when': [169, 397, 485, 1632, 4022, 4451], 'DNA.': [172, 400, 1780, 2856, 3213], 'The': [173, 401, 594, 618, 909, 968, 1163, 2056, 2083, 2192, 2313, 2330, 2430, 2446, 2732, 2770, 2857, 2974, 3024, 3062, 3191, 3214, 3238, 3262, 3777, 3851, 3917, 4384, 4423], 'converse': [174, 402], 'true': [176, 404], 'for': [177, 405, 1055, 1106, 1497, 2491, 2673, 2879, 2905, 2951, 2976, 3156, 3355, 3534, 3556], 'Dpo4-LF-Dbh': [179, 407, 2133, 2476, 2943, 3525], 'chimera,': [180, 408], 'Dbh-like': [184, 412], 'its': [186, 414], 'processivity': [187, 415, 4206, 4271], 'ability': [189, 417, 739, 4425, 4484, 4587], 'adducts': [193, 421], 'generate': [195, 423], 'deletion': [197, 425], 'errors.': [198, 426], 'Our': [199, 427, 1901], 'studies': [200, 428, 800, 1169, 1701, 1902, 3997, 4347], 'indicate': [201, 429], 'unique': [204, 432, 845, 2145], 'variable': [206, 434], 'plays': [212, 440, 3742], 'major': [214, 442, 1944, 4266], 'determining': [217, 445, 1872, 1947, 4268], 'biological': [221, 449], 'each': [224, 452, 547, 1954, 2773, 2836, 3202, 3510, 3815, 4208], 'individual': [225, 453], 'member.': [227, 455, 617], 'Remarkable': [456], 'progress': [457], 'has': [458, 475, 848, 1201, 1842, 3668, 4366, 4393], 'made': [460, 2591, 4198], 'few': [464], 'years': [465], 'understanding': [467], 'molecular': [469], 'mechanisms': [470], 'damage-induced': [472], 'mutagenesis.': [473], 'It': [474], 'suggested': [477], 'significant': [480, 2538, 2564, 2602], 'proportion': [481], 'mutations': [483, 732], 'arises': [484], 'damaged': [486], 'genomic': [487, 1164, 1241], 'replicated': [490], 'error': [493], 'manner': [495], 'one': [497, 615, 3101, 3900], 'or': [498, 631, 886, 2876, 3117, 3144, 3161, 3186, 3352, 3440, 3526, 3899, 3913, 4161, 4246, 4579], 'low': [500, 1652], '(1Goodman': [503], 'M.F.': [504, 563, 650, 876, 1825], 'Annu.': [505], 'Rev.': [506], 'Biochem.': [507], '2002;': [508, 641, 660, 1465, 1684, 3587, 3639], '71:': [509], '17-50Google': [510], 'Scholar).': [511, 593, 663, 783, 908, 967, 1018, 1072, 1402, 1468, 1517, 1622, 1699, 1834, 2128, 3590, 3642, 3833, 4020, 4331, 4422, 4481], 'These': [512], 'appear': [514], 'evolved': [517], 'specifically': [519], 'facilitate': [520], 'replication': [521, 536, 2688, 2928, 3046, 3320, 3960, 4035, 4052, 4080, 4092, 4128, 4147, 4226], 'wide': [524], 'lesions': [528], 'might': [530, 1738], 'otherwise': [531], 'block': [532], 'high': [534, 920, 1478, 1712, 3974, 4028], 'machinery.': [537], 'Most': [538], 'these': [540, 2977, 3029, 3099, 4253], 'specialized': [541], 'phylogenetically': [544, 4354], 'other': [548, 797], 'collectively': [552], 'termed': [553, 850], '“Y-family”': [554], '(2Ohmori': [556], 'H.': [557, 856, 956, 1007, 1061, 1561, 1756, 3820, 4320, 4468, 4549], 'Friedberg': [558], 'E.C.': [559, 635], 'Fuchs': [560], 'R.P.P.': [561], 'Goodman': [562, 649, 875, 1824, 4511], 'Hanaoka': [564, 711, 1392, 1424, 1507, 1549, 1583, 1599, 2208, 2497, 4414, 4546, 4610], 'F.': [565, 712, 858, 958, 1009, 1063, 1308, 1389, 1393, 1421, 1425, 1504, 1508, 1546, 1550, 1563, 1584, 1596, 1600, 1758, 2205, 2209, 2494, 2498, 3579, 3631, 3822, 4322, 4415, 4470, 4547, 4559, 4607, 4611], 'Hinkle': [566], 'D.': [567], 'Kunkel': [568, 1585, 1614, 3566, 3582, 3618, 3634, 4012, 4416], 'T.A.': [569, 1586, 1615, 1693, 3567, 3583, 3619, 3635, 4013, 4417], 'Lawrence': [570], 'C.W.': [571, 1364], 'Livneh': [572], 'Z.': [573, 585, 4571], 'Nohmi': [574, 1447, 1666], 'T.': [575, 581, 878, 1358, 1448, 1667, 1827, 4539], 'Prakash': [576, 578, 722, 724, 897, 899, 4521, 4523], 'L.': [577, 725, 900, 4524], 'S.': [579, 658, 708, 723, 898, 1244, 1254, 1258, 1275, 1374, 1391, 1423, 1506, 1548, 1582, 1598, 1982, 1988, 2123, 2207, 2496, 4413, 4522, 4530, 4543, 4609], 'Todo': [580], 'Walker': [582], 'G.C.': [583], 'Wang': [584, 4562, 4570], 'Woodgate': [586, 859, 959, 1010, 1064, 1140, 1229, 1394, 1426, 1509, 1551, 1566, 1601, 1759, 2008, 2116, 2210, 2499, 3580, 3632, 3825, 4323, 4473, 4509], 'R.': [587, 637, 696, 860, 960, 1011, 1065, 1141, 1230, 1395, 1427, 1510, 1552, 1567, 1602, 1760, 2009, 2117, 2211, 2500, 3581, 3633, 3826, 4324, 4474, 4510, 4541], 'Mol.': [588, 760, 903, 1292, 1694], 'Cell.': [589, 761, 863, 904, 963, 1014, 1068, 1695, 1763, 4327], '2001;': [590, 762, 864, 882, 905, 964, 1015, 1069, 1376, 1399, 1431, 1452, 1514, 1556, 1606, 1671, 1696, 1764, 1831, 2215, 2504, 4328], '8:': [591, 883, 906, 1697, 1832], '7-8Google': [592], 'ubiquitous': [598], 'all': [603, 2482, 2514, 2958, 3171], 'three': [604, 2626, 3287], 'kingdoms': [605], 'life': [607], 'many': [609], 'organisms': [610], 'often': [611], 'possessing': [612], 'than': [614, 916, 1002, 1487, 3114, 3927, 3973, 4005, 4493], 'family': [616], 'latter': [619], 'observations': [620, 1959], 'imply': [621], 'play': [625, 1870], 'important': [626, 2511], 'roles': [627], 'cellular': [629], 'survival': [630], 'evolutionary': [632], '“fitness”': [633], '(3Friedberg': [634], 'Wagner': [636], 'Radman': [638], 'M.': [639, 702, 704, 706, 1356, 1440, 1442, 1659, 1661, 4500, 4508, 4512, 4563], 'Science.': [640, 726], '296:': [642], '1627-1630Google': [643], 'Scholar,': [644, 717, 765, 1434, 1455, 1559, 1574, 1609, 1674, 1687, 3573, 3625, 4535, 4555], '4Yeiser': [645], 'B.': [646, 1689], 'Pepper': [647], 'E.D.': [648], 'Finkel': [651], 'S.E.': [652], 'Proc.': [653, 1369, 2118, 4525], 'Natl.': [654, 1370, 2119, 4526], 'Acad.': [655, 1371, 2120, 4527], 'Sci.': [656, 1372, 2121, 4528], 'U.': [657, 1373, 2122, 4529], 'A.': [659, 698, 1323, 1375, 2124, 4531], '99:': [661], '8737-8741Google': [662], 'Indeed,': [664, 4021], 'defects': [665], 'human': [667, 4006, 4404], 'Polη': [668, 816, 4007, 4405, 4434], '1The': [669], 'abbreviations': [670], 'used': [671, 1166, 2644, 2683], 'are:': [672], 'Pol,': [673], 'polymerase;': [675], 'LF,': [676], 'finger;': [678], 'CPD,': [679, 1644], 'dimer.': [682, 3149, 4597], 'result': [683], 'sunlight-sensitive': [686], 'cancer-prone': [688], 'xeroderma': [689], 'pigmentosum': [690], 'variant': [691], 'syndrome': [692], '(5Masutani': [693], 'C.': [694, 1327, 1348, 1580, 4411, 4545], 'Kusumoto': [695, 4540], 'Yamada': [697, 1441, 1660], 'Dohmae': [699], 'N.': [700, 1135, 1224, 1338, 1350, 2003], 'Yokoi': [701], 'Yuasa': [703], 'Araki': [705], 'Iwai': [707, 1390, 1422, 1505, 1547, 1581, 1597, 2206, 2495, 4412, 4542, 4608], 'Takio': [709], 'K.': [710, 1446, 1665, 3565, 3577, 3617, 3629], 'Nature.': [713, 1570, 1587, 3829, 4418, 4477, 4513], '1999;': [714, 727], '399:': [715], '700-704Google': [716], '6Johnson': [718], 'R.E.': [719, 894, 4520], 'Kondratick': [720], 'C.M.': [721, 1461, 1680], '285:': [728], '263-265Google': [729], 'Scholar),': [730, 867, 885, 1379, 1767, 2218, 4517, 4578], 'Escherichia': [734], 'coli': [735, 1158, 2102, 2608], 'dinB': [736, 1161], 'reduce': [737], 'cell': [742, 2588], 'undergo': [744], 'adaptive': [745], 'mutagenesis': [746, 2163], 'stationary': [748, 2577], 'phase': [749, 2578], '(7McKenzie': [750], 'G.J.': [751], 'Lee': [752], 'P.L.': [753, 777], 'Lombardo': [754], 'M.J.': [755, 1314], 'Hastings': [756], 'P.J.': [757], 'Rosenberg': [758], 'S.M.': [759], '7:': [763], '571-579Google': [764], '8Tompkins': [766], 'J.D.': [767, 775, 1691], 'Nelson': [768], 'J.L.': [769], 'Hazel': [770], 'J.C.': [771], 'Leugers': [772], 'S.L.': [773], 'Stumpf': [774], 'Foster': [776], 'J.': [778, 892, 1291, 1368, 1449, 1462, 1616, 1668, 1681, 3584, 3636, 4014], 'Bacteriol.': [779], '2003;': [780, 1571, 1619, 3830, 4017, 4478], '185:': [781], '3469-3472Google': [782], 'Although': [784, 2513], 'they': [785, 819, 828, 842, 3691, 3969], 'share': [786, 1409, 3692], 'primary': [788, 3678, 3727], 'amino': [789, 3664, 3679, 3728, 3924, 3940], 'acid': [790, 3653, 3680, 3729, 3925], 'sequence': [791, 1209, 1242, 1713, 2084, 2447, 2771, 3193, 3216, 3603, 3730], 'homology': [792], 'families,': [798], 'structural': [799, 1100], 'archaeal': [803, 1110, 1173, 4000], 'DinB-like': [804, 1111], '(Dbh': [806], 'Dpo4)': [808], 'catalytic': [811, 1816], 'core': [812, 1817], 'Saccharomyces': [814], 'cerevisiae': [815], 'reveal': [817, 1706, 1903], 'topologically': [821], 'similar': [822], 'classical': [824], 'resemble': [829], 'right': [831], 'hand': [832], 'possess': [834, 843], '“fingers,”': [835], '“palm,”': [836], '“thumb”': [838], 'subdomains.': [839], 'In': [840, 1518, 1623, 1781, 2595, 2796, 3716, 3834], 'addition': [841, 1709, 2887], '“little': [852], 'finger”': [853], '(9Ling': [855, 955, 1006, 1060, 1755, 4319], 'Boudsocq': [857, 957, 1008, 1062, 1562, 1757, 3578, 3630, 3821, 4321, 4469], 'Yang': [861, 961, 1012, 1066, 1568, 1761, 3827, 4325, 4475], 'W.': [862, 962, 1013, 1067, 1284, 1286, 1569, 1762, 3828, 4326, 4476], '107:': [865, 965, 1016, 1070, 1765, 4329], '91-102Google': [866, 966, 1017, 1071, 1766, 4330], '“wrist”': [868], '(10Silvian': [869, 1818], 'L.F.': [870, 1819], 'Toth': [871, 1820], 'E.A.': [872, 1821], 'Pham': [873, 1822, 4501], 'P.': [874, 1344, 1436, 1655, 1823, 4502], 'Ellenberger': [877, 1826], 'Nat.': [879, 1828], 'Struct.': [880, 1829], 'Biol.': [881, 1293, 1450, 1463, 1617, 1669, 1682, 1830, 3585, 3637, 4015], '984-989Google': [884, 1833], '“PAD': [887], '(polymerase': [888], 'associated': [889], 'domain)”': [890], '(11Trincao': [891], 'Johnson': [893], 'Escalante': [895], 'C.R.': [896], 'Aggarwal': [901], 'A.K.': [902], '417-426Google': [907], 'thumb': [910, 942, 991, 1719, 1772, 3707, 3771, 3812, 3888, 3906, 4302], 'smaller': [915], 'those': [917, 1168, 1529, 4241], 'ternary': [926, 4283], 'complex': [927, 1754], 'incoming': [934, 4288], 'nucleotide;': [935], 'primer-template': [937, 2774, 2801, 2855, 2968, 3366], 'held': [939], 'between': [940, 3058, 4443], 'buttresses': [947], 'against': [948, 1155], '(see': [952, 1858, 1898, 2359, 2384], 'Fig.': [953, 1859, 1899, 2385], '1A)': [954, 4318], 'importance': [969], 'LF-DNA': [972], 'contact': [973], 'highlighted': [975], 'fact': [978, 1097], 'proteolytic': [981], 'fragment': [982, 2059, 2068, 2266, 2395], 'retains': [986], 'fingers,': [988, 1716, 3704, 3885, 3903], 'palm,': [989, 1717, 3705, 3886, 3904], 'subdomains': [992, 3708], '(but': [993], 'lacks': [994], 'domain)': [997], 'less': [1000, 3971, 4162], 'active': [1001], 'full-length': [1004, 4225], 'polymerase': [1005, 1267, 1475, 1499, 1631, 2339, 2357, 2382, 2620, 2860, 3816, 4311], 'least': [1025, 3722], 'conserved': [1026], 'four': [1029, 2483, 2959, 3060, 3172], 'it': [1036, 1494, 2786, 3247, 4199, 4364, 4377], 'hypothesized': [1038], 'such': [1040], 'may': [1042, 1869], 'part': [1044], 'contribute': [1045], 'assorted': [1048], 'biochemical': [1049, 1102], 'reported': [1051, 1210, 1977], 'literature': [1054], 'various': [1057, 1971, 2880, 3400], 'further': [1074], 'contributes': [1082], 'overall': [1085, 4124, 4270], 'taken': [1093], 'advantage': [1094], 'both': [1099, 3106, 3685, 3936], 'data': [1103], 'available': [1105], 'Dpo4.': [1115, 2157], '(DinBhomolog)': [1117], 'was': [1118, 1170, 1186, 1262, 1269, 1990, 2060, 2069, 2095, 2141, 2159, 2196, 2267, 2315, 2387, 2432, 2485, 2537, 2612, 2621, 2649, 2713, 2721, 2734, 2742, 2787, 2792, 2979, 2992, 3034, 3056, 3221, 3243, 3267, 3783, 3854], 'identified': [1119, 1270], 'cloned': [1121, 2323, 2439, 3873], 'Kulaeva': [1123, 1212], 'et': [1124, 1213], 'al.': [1125, 1214], '(12Kulaeva': [1126, 1215, 1994], 'O.I.': [1127, 1216, 1995], 'Koonin': [1128, 1217, 1996], 'E.V.': [1129, 1218, 1997], 'McDonald': [1130, 1219, 1998], 'J.P.': [1131, 1220, 1999, 2111], 'Randall': [1132, 1221, 2000], 'S.K.': [1133, 1222, 2001], 'Rabinovich': [1134, 1223, 2002], 'Connaughton': [1136, 1225, 2004], 'J.F.': [1137, 1226, 2005], 'Levine': [1138, 1227, 2006, 2114], 'A.S.': [1139, 1228, 2007, 2115], 'Mutat.': [1142, 1231, 2010], 'Res.': [1143, 1232, 1398, 1430, 1513, 1555, 1605, 2011, 2214, 2503, 4574], '1996;': [1144, 1233, 2012], '357:': [1145, 1234, 2013], '245-253Google': [1146, 1235, 2014], 'Scholar)': [1147, 1236, 1297, 1591, 2015, 2507], '1996': [1149], 'using': [1150, 1380, 2219, 2269, 2629, 2697, 2726, 2765, 3460, 3857], 'degenerate': [1151], 'PCR': [1152, 1501, 2058], 'primers': [1153, 2277, 3054, 3858], 'designed': [1154], 'E.': [1157, 2101, 2557, 2607, 4537], 'umuC': [1159], 'genes.': [1162], 'strain': [1174, 2103], 'obtained': [1175, 2388, 4175], 'American': [1178], 'Type': [1179], 'Culture': [1180], 'Collection': [1181], '(ATCC,': [1182], 'Manassas,': [1183], 'VA)': [1184, 2719], 'originally': [1187, 1263], 'believed': [1188], 'be': [1190, 2571, 4096, 4398, 4437], 'Sulfolobus': [1191, 1199], 'solfataricus': [1192, 1259, 1276], 'P1.': [1193], 'However,': [1194, 3978], 'entire': [1196], 'genome': [1197, 1273, 1302], 'acidocaldarius': [1200, 1255, 1983, 1989], 'recently': [1202, 4394], 'determined': [1204, 3035], '∼2.5-kb': [1207], 'dbh-containing': [1208], 'matches': [1237], 'perfectly': [1238], 'acidocaldarius.': [1245], '2R.': [1246], 'Garrett,': [1247], 'personal': [1248], 'communication.': [1249], 'therefore': [1251, 2335], 'originates': [1252], 'not': [1257, 4073], 'P1': [1260], 'as': [1261, 1384, 1798, 1800, 2261, 2273, 2592, 2636, 3071, 3562, 3613, 3933], 'thought.': [1264], '(DNA': [1266], 'IV)': [1268], 'P2': [1277, 1301], 'through': [1278], 'BLAST': [1279], 'searches': [1280], '(13Altschul': [1281], 'S.F.': [1282], 'Gish': [1283], 'Miller': [1285], 'Myers': [1287], 'E.W.': [1288], 'Lipman': [1289], 'D.J.': [1290], '1990;': [1294], '215:': [1295], '403-410Google': [1296], 'complete': [1300, 3215], '(14She': [1303], 'Q.': [1304], 'Singh': [1305], 'R.K.': [1306], 'Confalonieri': [1307], 'Zivanovic': [1309], 'Y.': [1310, 4557], 'Allard': [1311], 'G.': [1312, 1325], 'Awayez': [1313], 'Chan-Weiher': [1315], 'C.C.': [1316], 'Clausen': [1317], 'I.G.': [1318], 'Curtis': [1319], 'B.A.': [1320], 'De': [1321], 'Moors': [1322], 'Erauso': [1324], 'Fletcher': [1326], 'Gordon': [1328], 'P.M.': [1329], 'Heikamp-De': [1330], 'Jong': [1331], 'I.': [1332, 1444, 1663], 'Jeffries': [1333], 'A.C.': [1334], 'Kozera': [1335], 'C.J.': [1336], 'Medina': [1337], 'Peng': [1339], 'X.': [1340, 4504, 4561], 'Thi-Ngoc': [1341], 'H.P.': [1342], 'Redder': [1343], 'Schenk': [1345], 'M.E.': [1346], 'Theriault': [1347], 'Tolstrup': [1349], 'Charlebois': [1351], 'R.L.': [1352], 'Doolittle': [1353], 'W.F.': [1354], 'Duguet': [1355], 'Gaasterland': [1357], 'Garrett': [1359], 'R.A.': [1360], 'Ragan': [1361], 'M.A.': [1362], 'Sensen': [1363], 'Van': [1365], 'Der': [1366], 'Oost': [1367], '98:': [1377], '7835-7840Google': [1378], 'dbh': [1382, 1985, 2087, 2394, 3793], 'gene': [1383, 1986, 2088], 'search': [1386], 'query': [1387], '(15Boudsocq': [1388, 1420, 1503, 1545, 1595, 2204, 2493, 4606], 'Nucleic': [1396, 1428, 1511, 1553, 1603, 2212, 2501, 4572], 'Acids': [1397, 1429, 1512, 1554, 1604, 2213, 2502, 4573], '29:': [1400, 1432, 1515, 1557, 1607, 2216, 2505], '4607-4616Google': [1401, 1433, 1516, 1558, 1608, 2217, 2506], 'identity,': [1411], '16Gruz': [1435], 'Pisani': [1437, 1656], 'F.M.': [1438, 1657], 'Shimizu': [1439, 1658], 'Hayashi': [1443, 1662], 'Morikawa': [1445, 1664], 'Chem.': [1451, 1464, 1618, 1670, 1683, 3586, 3638, 4016], '276:': [1453, 1672], '47394-47401Google': [1454, 1673], '17Potapova': [1456, 1675], 'O.': [1457, 1676, 4565], 'Grindley': [1458, 1677], 'N.D.': [1459, 1678], 'Joyce': [1460, 1679], '277:': [1466, 1685, 3588, 3640], '28157-28166Google': [1467, 1686], 'thermostable': [1471], 'exhibits': [1473], 'robust': [1474], 'activity.': [1476], 'At': [1477], 'template': [1481, 2275, 2813, 2997, 3182, 3220, 3242, 3266, 4031, 4168, 4187], 'ratios': [1482], 'synthesize': [1485], '1': [1488, 2664, 2758, 3477, 3507, 3535, 3923], 'kb': [1489], 'thereby': [1492, 1808], 'allowing': [1493], 'substitute': [1496], 'Taq': [1498], 'assays': [1502, 2689, 2978], 'addition,': [1519], 'lesion': [1521], 'somewhat': [1527], 'like': [1528], 'eukaryotic': [1532], 'translesion': [1533], 'dimers': [1543], '(CPDs)': [1544], '18Ling': [1560], 'Plosky': [1564, 3823, 4471], 'B.S.': [1565, 3824, 4472], '424:': [1572, 3831, 4479], '1083-1087Google': [1573, 3832, 4480], '19McCulloch': [1575], 'S.D.': [1576, 1613, 4011, 4407], 'Kokoska': [1577, 4408], 'R.J.': [1578, 1611, 3575, 3627, 4009, 4409], 'Masutani': [1579, 4410, 4544], '2004;': [1588, 4419], '428:': [1589, 4420], '97-100Google': [1590, 4421], 'sites': [1594], '20Kokoska': [1610], 'McCulloch': [1612, 4010], '278:': [1620, 4018], '50537-50545Google': [1621, 4019], 'contrast,': [1624, 3717], 'distributive': [1630], 'unable': [1637], 'incorporate': [1639, 4456, 4589], 'opposite': [1642, 4459, 4592], 'bypasses': [1646], 'very': [1651, 2554, 3804], 'efficiency': [1653, 4385], '(16Gruz': [1654], '21Zhou': [1688], 'Pata': [1690], 'Steitz': [1692], '427-437Google': [1698], 'Structural': [1700], 'sharing': [1711], 'homology,': [1714], 'virtually': [1725], 'superimposable.': [1726], 'This': [1727, 2158], 'suggests': [1728], 'enzymes': [1737, 4374], 'lie': [1739], 'sequence-divergent': [1743], 'structurally': [1745], 'mobile': [1746], 'domains.': [1748], 'Dpo4-DNA': [1753, 1972, 4286], 'linker': [1769, 1788, 1841, 1894, 3763], 'connecting': [1770], 'interacts': [1777], 'apo-form': [1783], 'Dbh,': [1785, 1915, 2473, 2938, 3073, 3128, 3413, 3433], 'this': [1787, 1840, 3836], 'hydrogen-bonded': [1790], 'β-sheets': [1793, 1802], 'palm': [1796, 1848, 2346, 2371], 'well': [1799], 'domain,': [1807, 3931], 'pinning': [1809], 'bind': [1838], 'substrate,': [1839, 3483], 'peel': [1844], 'off': [1845], 'allow': [1851, 3038], 'reorient': [1857], '1A).': [1860], 'general,': [1880], 'constructed': [1883, 3751], 'Dbh-Dpo4': [1884], 'preceding': [1893], 'interchanged': [1897, 3774], '1B).': [1900, 2361, 3733, 3776, 3944], '“Dbh-like.”': [1921], 'Conversely,': [1922, 4130], 'becomes': [1933], '“Dpo4-like,”': [1935], 'indicating': [1936], 'clearly': [1942, 3103, 3966], 'factor': [1945, 4267], 'physical': [1949], 'polymerase.': [1955, 2973, 3403], 'We': [1956], 'discuss': [1957], 'our': [1958], 'light': [1961], 'crystal': [1964], 'structure': [1965, 4284], 'complexes': [1973], 'date.': [1979], 'Overproduction': [1980], 'Dbh—The': [1984], 'PCR-amplified': [1991, 3856], 'pOS21': [1993], 'oligonucleotides:': [2018], 'ssdbhbam': [2019], '(5′-CGC': [2020], 'GGA': [2021, 2414], 'TCC': [2022, 2415, 3013, 3236, 3284], 'TTA': [2023, 2416], 'AAT': [2024, 2406, 2417], 'GTC': [2025, 2036, 2223, 2418], 'GAA': [2026, 2027, 2419, 2420], 'ATC': [2028, 2237, 2421], 'AGA': [2029, 2227, 2241, 2405, 2986, 3303], 'TAA': [2030, 2301, 2303], 'ATT': [2031, 2293], 'TG-3′)': [2032], 'ssdbhbsp': [2034], '(5′-CAT': [2035], 'ATG': [2037, 2282], 'ATA': [2038, 2040, 2230, 2283, 2285, 2300], 'GTG': [2039, 2284, 2984, 2988, 3301, 3305, 3372], 'TTC': [2041, 2286], 'GTT': [2042, 2287], 'GAT': [2043, 2228], 'TTT': [2044, 2231], 'G-3′)': [2045], 'containing': [2046, 2305, 2423, 2660, 3859, 3883, 3901], 'BamHI': [2048, 2063, 2426, 2435], 'BspHI': [2050], 'restriction': [2051, 2146, 2185, 2194, 2309, 3789, 3863], 'site,': [2053], 'respectively': [2054, 2311, 2428], '(underlined).': [2055, 2312, 2429], '∼1050-bp': [2057], 'digested': [2061, 2078, 2317, 2327, 2433, 2443, 3877], 'BspHI,': [2065], 'gel-purified': [2070, 2702, 3479], 'before': [2071], 'cloning': [2072], 'into': [2073, 2100, 2324, 2440, 2468, 2723, 3791, 3874], 'pET16b': [2074], '(Novagen,': [2075], 'Madison,': [2076], 'WI)': [2077], 'NcoI': [2080], 'BamHI.': [2082], 'recombinant': [2091, 2517, 2542, 2568], 'plasmid,': [2092, 2202, 2328, 2332, 2364], 'called': [2093, 2333], 'pJM349,': [2094], 'verified': [2096], 'subsequently': [2098, 2256, 2466, 3458], 'introduced': [2099, 2467], 'RW382,': [2104], 'ΔumuDC595::cat': [2106], 'derivative': [2107], 'BL21(λDE3)': [2109], '(22McDonald': [2110], 'Frank': [2112], 'E.G.': [2113], '1998;': [2125], '95:': [2126], '1478-1483Google': [2127], 'Generation': [2129, 3643], 'Dbh-LF-Dpo4': [2131, 2941, 3109, 3529], 'Chimera—The': [2134], 'first': [2135, 3778], 'step': [2136, 2599, 3779], 'toward': [2137], 'generating': [2138], 'Dbh/Dpo4': [2139], 'introduce': [2143, 3785], 'at': [2149, 2657, 2815, 2828, 2874, 2948, 3153, 3197, 3253, 3350, 3406, 3426, 3489, 3531, 3797, 3838, 3849, 4027, 4153, 4163, 4179], 'junction': [2151], 'achieved': [2160], 'site-directed': [2162], '(QuikChange,': [2164], 'Stratagene,': [2165], 'La': [2166], 'Jolla,': [2167], 'CA)': [2168], 'Leu-228': [2170], '(CTA': [2171], '→': [2172, 2177], 'CTG)': [2173], 'Ala-229': [2175, 3840], '(GCT': [2176], 'GCC)': [2178], 'codons': [2179], 'produce': [2181], 'novel': [2183, 3787, 3861], 'BalI': [2184, 2193, 2308, 2321, 2424, 2437, 3788, 3862], 'within': [2188], 'dpo4': [2190, 3795], 'gene.': [2191], 'overexpressing': [2201], 'p1914': [2203], 'oligonucleotides': [2220, 2399, 2682], 'P2SWDW': [2221], '(5′-CTC': [2222, 2998], 'TCT': [2224, 2238, 3009, 3232, 3280], 'GGC': [2225, 2295, 2302], 'CAG': [2226, 3382], 'CAA': [2229, 2296, 3000, 3004, 3224, 3271, 3378], 'AGC': [2232], 'C-3′)': [2233], 'P2SWUP': [2235], '(5′-TTG': [2236], 'CTG': [2239], 'GCC': [2240, 2404, 3002, 3226, 3273], 'GAC': [2242, 3388], 'GAG': [2243, 2246], 'TAT': [2244, 2408], 'AAC': [2245], 'CC-3′)': [2247], 'gave': [2249], 'rise': [2250], 'plasmid': [2252], 'p1941.': [2253, 2329], 'Chimeras': [2254], 'were': [2255, 2460, 2465, 2590, 2690, 2701, 2752, 2803, 2883, 2900, 2909, 2918, 2930, 2946, 3070, 3151, 3289, 3310, 3322, 3348, 3445, 3519, 3538, 3548, 3598, 3611, 3773, 3872, 4174], 'swapping': [2260], 'follows.': [2262], 'An': [2263], '∼700-bp': [2264], 'NdeI-BalI': [2265], 'amplified': [2268], 'pJM349': [2270, 2397], '(Dbh)': [2271], 'P1ndeIup': [2278], '(5′-GGG': [2279, 2291, 2401], 'GGG': [2280, 2292, 3370], 'CAT': [2281, 3275], 'GAT-3′)': [2288], 'P1bal2dw': [2290], 'CTT': [2294, 2297], 'TAG': [2298, 2299, 2985, 3302], 'GGC-3′)': [2304], 'NdeI': [2306, 2319], 'sites,': [2310, 2427], 'amplicon': [2314, 2431], 'then': [2316, 3855], 'similarly': [2326, 2442], 'resulting': [2331], 'p1947,': [2334, 2458], 'expresses': [2336], 'consisting': [2340], 'thumb,': [2343, 2368], 'finger,': [2344, 2369], '(Dbh-LF-Dpo4)': [2358], 'Fig': [2360], 'A': [2362], 'second': [2363], 'p1946,': [2365], 'expressing': [2366], '(Dpo4-LFDbh)': [2383], '1B)': [2386, 3818], 'amplification': [2391], 'P1balIup': [2400], 'AAG': [2402, 3381], 'TTG': [2403], 'AAA': [2407], 'AGT-3′)': [2409], 'P1bam2dw': [2411], '(5′-CCC': [2412], 'CCC': [2413, 3387], 'AGA-3′)': [2422], 'p1941': [2444], 'plasmid.': [2445], 'dpo4LFdbh': [2451], 'dbhLFdpo4': [2453], 'genes': [2454, 2518, 3796], 'p1946': [2456], 'respectively,': [2459], 'verified,': [2461], 'plasmids': [2464], 'RW382.': [2469], 'Purification': [2470], 'Dbh-LF-Dpo4,': [2474, 3079, 4239], 'Proteins—The': [2477], 'protocol': [2478], 'utilized': [2479], 'purify': [2481], 'based': [2486], 'upon': [2487, 3098, 4099, 4252], 'described': [2489, 2593, 2637, 3563, 3614], 'previously': [2490, 2638, 3615], 'includes': [2509], 'several': [2510, 4039, 4150], 'modifications.': [2512], 'under': [2520, 3048], 'control': [2522], 'isopropyl-1-thio-β-d-galactopyranoside-inducible': [2525], 'T7': [2526], 'promoter': [2527], '(in': [2528], 'parental': [2530, 3878], 'pET': [2531], 'vector),': [2532], 'there': [2536], 'expression': [2539], 'absence': [2546], 'induction.': [2548], 'Furthermore,': [2549], 'Sulfolobaceae': [2551], 'stable': [2555], 'coli,': [2558], '3F.': [2559], 'Boudsocq,': [2560], 'unpublished': [2561], 'observations.': [2562], 'quantities': [2565, 2603], 'recovered': [2572], 'simply': [2574], 'harvesting': [2575], 'uninduced': [2576], 'overnight': [2579], 'cultures': [2580], 'RW382': [2582], 'harboring': [2583], 'Dpo4/Dbh-expressing': [2585], 'plasmids.': [2586], 'Soluble': [2587], 'extracts': [2589], 'previously.': [2594], 'heat': [2597], 'denaturation': [2598], 'removes': [2601], 'thermolabile': [2606], 'proteins,': [2609], 'temperature': [2611], 'reduced': [2613, 4424], '85': [2615], '75': [2617, 3414], '°C.': [2618], 'Each': [2619], 'purified': [2622, 2745], 'homogeneity': [2624], 'chromatographic': [2627], 'steps': [2628], 'HiTrapQ,': [2630], 'hydroxylapatite,': [2631], 'Mono': [2633], 'S': [2634], 'columns': [2635], 'except': [2639, 3245], 'phosphate': [2642], 'buffer': [2643, 2656], 'HiTrapQ': [2647], 'column': [2648], 'replaced': [2650], '20': [2653, 3523], 'mm': [2654, 2662, 2665, 2669, 2826, 2832, 2843, 2895, 3485, 3493, 3496, 3508], 'HEPES': [2655], 'pH': [2658, 2829], '7.0': [2659], '100': [2661, 2834, 2903, 3187], 'NaCl,': [2663], 'dithiothreitol,': [2666, 2844, 3497], '0.1': [2668], 'EDTA.': [2670], 'Templates': [2672], 'Vitro': [2675, 2797], 'Primer': [2676, 2798], 'Extension': [2677, 2799], 'Assays—Most': [2678], 'synthetic': [2681, 2709, 3141, 4603], 'vitro': [2687, 3959], 'synthesized': [2691, 2743], 'Lofstrand': [2693, 2730], 'Laboratories': [2694], '(Gaithersburg,': [2695], 'MD)': [2696], 'standard': [2698, 2727], 'techniques': [2699], 'prior': [2703], 'use.': [2705], 'Where': [2706], 'utilized,': [2707], '(dSpacer)': [2712], 'purchased': [2714, 2793], 'Glen': [2716], 'Research': [2717], '(Sterling,': [2718], 'incorporated': [2722, 3984], 'oligonucleotide': [2724, 2740, 3295], 'templates': [2725, 3288], 'protocols': [2728], 'Laboratories.': [2731], 'exception': [2733], 'cis-syn': [2736, 3146, 3240, 4380], 'dimer-containing': [2739, 3241], 'Phoenix': [2747], 'Biotechnologies': [2748], '(Huntsville,': [2749], 'AL).': [2750], 'Primers': [2751], '5′-labeled': [2753], '[γ-32P]ATP': [2755], '(5000': [2756], 'Ci/mmol;': [2757], 'Ci': [2759], '=': [2760], '37': [2761, 2875, 3351, 3407], 'GBq)': [2762], '(Amersham': [2763, 2840], 'Biosciences)': [2764], 'T4': [2766], 'polynucleotide': [2767], 'kinase': [2768], '(Invitrogen).': [2769], 'given': [2776, 2865, 3196], 'legend': [2779], 'figure': [2783], 'used.': [2788], 'Single-stranded': [2789], 'M13mp18': [2790], 'Invitrogen.': [2795], 'Assays—Radiolabeled': [2800], 'DNAs': [2802], 'prepared': [2804], 'annealing': [2806], '5′-32P-labeled': [2808], 'primer': [2809, 2975, 3021, 3181, 3397, 4221, 4315], 'unlabeled': [2812], 'molar': [2817, 4065, 4156, 4191], 'ratio': [2818, 4169], '1:1.5.': [2820], 'Standard': [2821, 3345], '10-μl': [2822, 3068, 3346], 'reactions': [2823, 2882, 3030, 3347, 3518, 3961], 'contained': [2824, 2965, 3178, 3248, 3359, 3410, 3430, 3476], '40': [2825, 3484], 'Tris·HCl': [2827, 3486], '8.0,': [2830], '5': [2831, 2906, 3157, 3417, 3441, 3492], 'MgCl2,': [2833, 3494], 'μm': [2835, 2962, 3175], 'ultrapure': [2838], 'dNTP': [2839], 'Biosciences),': [2841], '10': [2842, 2853, 2889, 2894, 2966, 3162, 3179, 3361, 3421, 3431, 3495], '250': [2845], 'μg/ml': [2846], 'bovine': [2847, 3501], 'serum': [2848, 3502], 'albumin,': [2849, 3503], '2.5%': [2850, 3504], 'glycerol,': [2851, 3505], 'nm': [2854, 2967, 3180, 3188, 3362, 3412, 3415, 3418, 3422, 3432, 3435, 3438, 3442, 3478, 3524, 3528], 'concentration': [2858, 3025, 3363, 3509], 'added': [2861], 'varied': [2862, 3031], 'Figs.': [2867], '2,': [2868], '3,': [2869], '4,': [2870], '5.': [2871], 'After': [2872, 3866], 'incubation': [2873], '60': [2877, 2949, 3154, 3353, 3427, 4180], '°C': [2878, 2904, 2950, 3155, 3354, 3408, 3428, 3533, 4181], 'times,': [2881], 'terminated': [2884, 3539], 'μl': [2890], '95%': [2892], 'formamide,': [2893], 'EDTA,': [2896], 'samples': [2899, 3592], 'heated': [2901], 'min': [2907, 2953, 3158, 3163, 3357], 'briefly': [2910], 'chilled': [2911], 'on': [2912, 3312, 3341, 4082, 4312, 4337], 'ice.': [2913], 'Reaction': [2914], 'mixtures': [2915, 3473], '(5': [2916], 'μl)': [2917, 3475], 'subjected': [2919], 'polyacrylamide,': [2921], '8': [2922], 'm': [2923, 3315, 3453], 'urea': [2924, 3316], 'gel': [2925, 3318, 3450, 3552], 'electrophoresis,': [2926], 'products': [2929, 3047, 3309, 3321, 3547, 4036, 4053, 4081, 4093, 4148, 4227], 'visualized': [2931, 3323, 3459], 'PhosphorImager': [2933, 3325], 'analysis.Fig.': [2934], '3Processivity': [2935], 'chimeras.': [2944], 'Reactions': [2945, 3150, 3404], 'performed': [2947, 3152, 3349, 3405, 3425, 4178], '3': [2952], 'presence': [2956, 3169, 4233], 'dNTPs': [2960, 3173], '(100': [2961, 3174], 'each)': [2963, 3176], 'limiting': [2970], 'amounts': [2971, 3401], 'radiolabeled': [2981, 3293, 3365], '23-mer': [2982, 3294], '(5′-GCG': [2983], 'CGA': [2987, 3304, 3371], 'CGG': [2989, 3306, 3383], 'AG-3′)': [2990], 'annealed': [2993, 3020, 3396], '50-mer': [2996, 3239, 3263], 'TCA': [2999, 3223, 3270, 3377], 'GCA': [3001, 3225, 3272, 3379], 'AGG': [3003, 3227, 3274], 'GCT': [3005, 3380], 'CCG': [3006, 3229, 3277], 'CAC': [3007, 3011, 3230, 3234, 3278, 3282], 'TCG': [3008, 3231, 3279, 3369], 'CTA': [3010, 3233, 3281], 'CGC': [3012, 3235, 3283, 3373, 3384, 3386], 'GC-3′,': [3014, 3390], 'where': [3015, 3050, 4220], 'location': [3017], 'underlined).': [3023], 'considerably': [3032, 3111, 3990, 4249], 'empirically': [3036], 'us': [3039], 'compare': [3041], 'size': [3043, 4077, 4089, 4121, 4144], 'distribution': [3044, 4078, 4090, 4145], 'conditions': [3049, 4219], 'percentage': [3052], 'extended': [3055], 'comparable': [3057], 'enzymes.': [3061, 4275], 'concentrations': [3063], 'reaction': [3069, 4071, 4214, 4218], 'follows:': [3072], '0.2,': [3074], '0.8,': [3075], '3.3': [3077], 'nm;': [3078, 3084, 3090], '0.03,': [3080], '0.17,': [3081], '0.83': [3083], '0.017,': [3086], '0.08,': [3087], '0.4': [3089], 'Dpo4-LF-Dbh,': [3091, 3416, 3436, 4247], '5.5,': [3092], '7.7,': [3093], '11': [3095], 'nm.': [3096], 'Based': [3097, 4251], 'assays,': [3100], 'see': [3104], 'processive': [3113, 3972, 4004], 'either': [3115, 4244], 'Dpo4-LF-Dbh.View': [3118], 'Large': [3119, 3327, 3465], 'Image': [3120, 3328, 3466], 'Figure': [3121, 3329, 3467], 'ViewerDownload': [3122, 3330, 3468], '(PPT)Fig.': [3123, 3331], '4Ability': [3124], 'Dbh-LF-Dpo4/Dpo4-LF-Dbh': [3131], '(undamaged': [3159], 'DNA)': [3160], '(abasic': [3164], 'CPD-templates)': [3166], '1,': [3184], '10,': [3185], 'enzyme.': [3190], 'local': [3192], 'context': [3194], 'left': [3199], 'side': [3200], 'panel.': [3203], 'A,': [3204], 'DNA;': [3206, 3210], 'B,': [3207], 'site-containing': [3209], 'C,': [3211], 'CPD-containing': [3212], '5′-CTC': [3222, 3376], 'CAT-TCT': [3228], 'GC-3′.': [3237, 3285], 'identical': [3244], 'single': [3250, 4212], 'CPD': [3251, 4343, 4392, 4431, 4448, 4466, 4490], 'located': [3252, 4355], 'adjacent': [3255], 'T': [3256], 'letters': [3257], 'indicated': [3258], 'bold': [3260], 'typeface.': [3261], '(X)-containing': [3265], '5′': [3268], 'CTC': [3269], 'XCT': [3276], 'All': [3286], 'primed': [3290], 'following': [3298], 'sequence:': [3299], '5′-GCG': [3300], 'AG-3′.': [3307], 'Replication': [3308, 3948], 'separated': [3311], '12%/8': [3314], 'polyacrylamide': [3317, 3449], 'analysis.View': [3326], '5Specificity': [3332], 'Dpo4-,': [3334], 'Dbh-,': [3335], 'Dbh-LF-Dpo4-,': [3336], 'Dpo4-LFDbh-dependent': [3338], 'nucleotide': [3339, 4458], 'incorporation': [3340], 'template.': [3344], '2': [3356], '(primer,': [3367], '5′-GTG': [3368], 'CG-3′;': [3374], 'template,': [3375], 'ACT': [3385], 'ACC': [3389], 'position': [3393], 'underlined)': [3398], '(A)': [3409], '30': [3411], 'Dbh-LFDpo4.': [3423], 'Those': [3424], '(B)': [3429], '25': [3434], '2.5': [3437], 'Dbh-LF-Dpo4.': [3443], 'Products': [3444, 3949], 'resolved': [3446], 'denaturing': [3448], 'electrophoresis': [3451, 3553], '(8': [3452], 'urea,': [3454], '15%': [3455], 'acrylamide)': [3456], 'Amersham': [3462], 'Biosciences': [3463], 'PhosphorImager.View': [3464], '(PPT)': [3469], 'Forward': [3470], 'Mutation': [3471], 'Assay—Reaction': [3472], '(30': [3474], 'M13mp2': [3480], 'gapped': [3481], '(pH': [3487], '9.0': [3488], '22': [3490], '°C),': [3491], '7.5': [3498], 'μg': [3499], 'dATP,': [3512], 'dGTP,': [3513], 'dCTP,': [3514], 'dTTP.': [3516], 'Polymerization': [3517], 'initiated': [3520], 'adding': [3522, 3541, 4062], '1.5': [3527], 'incubated': [3530], '70': [3532], 'h': [3536], 'EDTA': [3542], '15': [3544], 'mm.': [3545], 'analyzed': [3549], 'agarose': [3551], 'assayed': [3555], 'frequency': [3558], 'lacZ': [3560, 3595], 'mutants': [3561], '(23Bebenek': [3564, 3616], 'Methods': [3568, 3620], 'Enzymol.': [3569, 3621], '1995;': [3570, 3622], '262:': [3571, 3623], '217-232Google': [3572, 3624], '24Kokoska': [3574, 3626], 'Bebenek': [3576, 3628], '19633-19638Google': [3589, 3641], 'independent': [3594], 'mutant': [3596], 'phage': [3597], 'sequenced': [3599], 'identify': [3601], 'changes': [3604], 'during': [3606, 4210], 'gap-filling': [3607], 'synthesis.': [3608], 'Error': [3609], 'rates': [3610], 'calculated': [3612], 'Little': [3645], 'Finger': [3646], 'Domain': [3647, 4335], 'Chimeras—Native': [3648], '354-amino': [3652], 'protein': [3654], 'estimated': [3657, 3670, 4396], 'pI': [3658, 3671], '9.37.': [3660], 'acids': [3665, 3941], 'shorter': [3666, 3926, 4184], '9.11.': [3673], 'Alignment': [3674], 'sequences': [3681], 'reveals': [3682], 'although': [3684, 4351], 'Sulfolobaceae,': [3690], 'identity': [3695, 3699, 3731], 'overall.': [3696], 'most': [3698], '59%': [3714], 'conserved,': [3723], '(Fig.': [3732, 3775, 3817, 4044, 4170, 4215, 4317, 4582], 'flexible': [3762], 'tethers': [3765], 'process': [3782], 'corresponds': [3801], 'end': [3805], '“K”': [3808], 'helix': [3809], '(18Ling': [3819, 4467], 'codon,': [3841], 'corresponding': [3846], 'Ala-230.': [3850], 'site.': [3865], 'digestion': [3867], 'BalI,': [3869], 'amplicons': [3871], 'appropriately': [3876], 'vectors': [3879], '(termed': [3897, 3915], 'Dpo4-LF-Dbh)': [3898], 'Dbh-LF-Dpo4).': [3916], 'consequence': [3935], '353': [3939], 'long': [3942], '(Fig': [3943], 'Size': [3945], 'Distribution': [3946], 'Synthesized': [3950], 'Native': [3952], 'Chimeric': [3954], 'Polymerases—In': [3958], 'established': [3967], 'replicative': [3976], 'polymerases.': [3977, 3993], 'absolute': [3980], 'number': [3981], 'nucleotides': [3983, 4041, 4152, 4160], 'per': [3985], 'binding': [3987], 'event': [3988], 'varies': [3989], 'among': [3991], 'recent': [3996], 'suggest': [3998], '(20Kokoska': [4008], 'circular': [4024, 4084], 'M13': [4025, 4085], 'ratios,': [4032], 'synthesizes': [4034], 'hundred': [4040, 4151], 'length': [4043, 4125], '2).': [4045, 4171], 'Under': [4046, 4217], 'same': [4048, 4165], 'assay': [4049], 'conditions,': [4050], 'Dbh-dependent': [4051], 'shorter.': [4056, 4250], 'Moreover,': [4057], 'contrast': [4059], 'large': [4064, 4190], 'excess': [4066, 4157, 4192], 'dramatically': [4074], 'change': [4075], 'primer-template.': [4086], 'appears': [4094, 4435], 'largely': [4097, 4438], 'dependent': [4098], 'domain.': [4102], 'Replacing': [4103], 'native': [4105, 4133], 'leads': [4114], 'dramatic': [4117], 'increase': [4118], 'products.': [4129], 'reduces': [4142], '20-fold': [4155], '∼50': [4159], 'Similar': [4172], 'results': [4173], 'experiments': [4177], 'linear': [4185], 'substrate': [4194], 'over': [4195], 'enzyme,': [4196], 'possible': [4200], 'accurately': [4203], 'measure': [4204], 'extension': [4213], '3).': [4216], 'usage': [4222], 'minimal,': 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