Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2072897447', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(19980401)49:4<327::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w', 'title': 'Visualizing a discipline: An author co‐citation analysis of information science, 1972–1995', 'display_name': 'Visualizing a discipline: An author co‐citation analysis of information science, 1972–1995', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2072897447', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(19980401)49:4<327::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w', 'mag': '2072897447'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(19980401)49:4<327::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210220780', 'display_name': 'Journal of the American Society for Information Science', 'issn_l': '0002-8231', 'issn': ['0002-8231', '1097-4571'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051680590', 'display_name': 'Howard D. White', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4839-6617'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I72816309', 'display_name': 'Drexel University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04bdffz58', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I72816309']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Howard D. White', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ' Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I72816309']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103223898', 'display_name': 'Katherine W. McCain', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3438-7477'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I72816309', 'display_name': 'Drexel University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04bdffz58', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I72816309']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Katherine W. McCain', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ' Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I72816309']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 26.474, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1156, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999788, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '49', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '327', 'last_page': '355'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13976', 'display_name': 'Webometrics Analysis in Academic Research', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1710', 'display_name': 'Information Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13976', 'display_name': 'Webometrics Analysis in Academic Research', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1710', 'display_name': 'Information Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10102', 'display_name': 'Bibliometric Analysis and Research Evaluation', 'score': 0.9952, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1804', 'display_name': 'Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10799', 'display_name': 'Information Visualization and Visual Data Mining', 'score': 0.9879, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/co-citation', 'display_name': 'Co-citation', 'score': 0.6447578}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/information-visualization', 'display_name': 'Information Visualization', 'score': 0.539614}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/interdisciplinary-research', 'display_name': 'Interdisciplinary Research', 'score': 0.52073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-research', 'display_name': 'Internet Research', 'score': 0.511588}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/university-interlinking', 'display_name': 'University Interlinking', 'score': 0.508329}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/citation-analysis', 'display_name': 'Citation analysis', 'score': 0.46808583}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778805511', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713', 'display_name': 'Citation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6945678}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777765086', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1785764', 'display_name': 'Co-citation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6447578}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2522767166', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463', 'display_name': 'Data science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4884428}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23123220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826', 'display_name': 'Information retrieval', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4722528}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105345328', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206276', 'display_name': 'Citation analysis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46808583}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.44109902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655', 'display_name': 'Library science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.31950322}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(19980401)49:4<327::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210220780', 'display_name': 'Journal of the American Society for Information Science', 'issn_l': '0002-8231', 'issn': ['0002-8231', '1097-4571'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Quality education', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'score': 0.4}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 36, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1507272366', 'https://openalex.org/W1507424295', 'https://openalex.org/W1541431938', 'https://openalex.org/W1548218567', 'https://openalex.org/W1569976200', 'https://openalex.org/W168954559', 'https://openalex.org/W1966538856', 'https://openalex.org/W1968492381', 'https://openalex.org/W1974394868', 'https://openalex.org/W1992658095', 'https://openalex.org/W1994920584', 'https://openalex.org/W2002441338', 'https://openalex.org/W2009833850', 'https://openalex.org/W2012062606', 'https://openalex.org/W2032128286', 'https://openalex.org/W2056234791', 'https://openalex.org/W2061473753', 'https://openalex.org/W2068367148', 'https://openalex.org/W2069613886', 'https://openalex.org/W2070169083', 'https://openalex.org/W2073608660', 'https://openalex.org/W2081757855', 'https://openalex.org/W2090813263', 'https://openalex.org/W2121291105', 'https://openalex.org/W2126197183', 'https://openalex.org/W2129936978', 'https://openalex.org/W2131910969', 'https://openalex.org/W2135632083', 'https://openalex.org/W2136010483', 'https://openalex.org/W2141062075', 'https://openalex.org/W2168865631', 'https://openalex.org/W2218954903', 'https://openalex.org/W2484825220', 'https://openalex.org/W2490284084', 'https://openalex.org/W2753533763', 'https://openalex.org/W96695053'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3124262461', 'https://openalex.org/W3081996102', 'https://openalex.org/W2740085866', 'https://openalex.org/W2557140235', 'https://openalex.org/W2361526444', 'https://openalex.org/W2349010561', 'https://openalex.org/W2137174507', 'https://openalex.org/W2104110426', 'https://openalex.org/W2055925750', 'https://openalex.org/W1481837550'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'study': [1], 'presents': [2], 'an': [3], 'extensive': [4], 'domain': [5], 'analysis': [6, 203], 'of': [7, 12, 16, 51, 64, 73, 110, 170, 189, 191], 'a': [8, 171], 'discipline—information': [9], 'science—in': [10], 'terms': [11], 'its': [13], 'authors.': [14], 'Names': [15], 'those': [17], 'most': [18], 'frequently': [19], 'cited': [20], 'in': [21, 82, 91, 122, 126, 132, 151, 174, 177], '12': [22], 'key': [23], 'journals': [24], 'from': [25, 31], '1972': [26], 'through': [27], '1995': [28], 'were': [29, 39, 210], 'retrieved': [30], 'Social': [32], 'Scisearch': [33], 'via': [34], 'DIALOG.': [35], 'The': [36, 59], 'top': [37, 124], '120': [38], 'submitted': [40], 'to': [41, 49, 66, 220], 'author': [42], 'co-citation': [43, 144], 'analyses,': [44], 'yielding': [45], 'automatic': [46], 'classifications': [47], 'relevant': [48], 'histories': [50], 'the': [52, 70, 74, 106, 123, 138, 156, 159, 178, 184], 'field.': [53], 'Tables': [54], 'and': [55, 61, 89, 113, 135, 180, 187, 201, 207, 215], 'graphics': [56, 209], 'reveal:': [57], '(1)': [58], 'disciplinary': [60], 'institutional': [62], 'affiliations': [63], 'contributors': [65], 'information': [67, 111, 175, 192], 'science;': [68], '(2)': [69], 'specialty': [71], 'structure': [72], 'discipline': [75], 'over': [76, 98, 137, 155], '24': [77], 'years;': [78], '(3)': [79], "authors'": [80, 92, 133], 'memberships': [81], '1': [83], 'or': [84], 'more': [85], 'specialties;': [86], '(4)': [87], 'inertia': [88], 'change': [90], 'positions': [93, 154], 'on': [94, 161, 183], '2-dimensional': [95], 'subject': [96], 'maps': [97, 206], '3': [99], '8-year': [100], 'subperiods,': [101, 139], '1972–1979,': [102], '1980–1987,': [103], '1988–1995;': [104], '(5)': [105], '2': [107], 'major': [108], 'subdisciplines': [109], 'science': [112, 176], 'their': [114, 152], 'evolving': [115], 'memberships;': [116], '(6)': [117], '“canonical”': [118], 'authors': [119, 147, 163], 'who': [120], 'are': [121, 164, 217], '100': [125], 'all': [127], 'three': [128], 'subperiods;': [129, 157], '(7)': [130], 'changes': [131, 150], 'eminence': [134], 'influence': [136], 'as': [140], 'shown': [141], 'by': [142, 223], 'mean': [143], 'counts;': [145], '(8)': [146], 'with': [148, 166, 204, 212], 'marked': [149], 'mapped': [153], '(9)': [158], 'axes': [160], 'which': [162], 'mapped,': [165], 'interpretations;': [167], '(10)': [168], 'evidence': [169, 182], 'paradigm': [172], 'shift': [173], '1980s;': [179], '(11)': [181], 'general': [185], 'nature': [186], 'state': [188], 'integration': [190], 'science.': [193], 'Statistical': [194], 'routines': [195], 'include': [196], 'ALSCAL,': [197], 'INDSCAL,': [198], 'factor': [199], 'analysis,': [200], 'cluster': [202], 'SPSS;': [205], 'other': [208, 224], 'made': [211], 'DeltaGraph.': [213], 'Theory': [214], 'methodology': [216], 'sufficiently': [218], 'detailed': [219], 'be': [221], 'usable': [222], 'researchers.': [225], '©': [226], '1998': [227], 'John': [228], 'Wiley': [229], '&': [230], 'Sons,': [231], 'Inc.': [232]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2072897447', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 32}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 66}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 67}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 72}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 57}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 38}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 56}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 62}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 61}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 67}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 59}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-13T03:14:51.098333', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}