Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2072456854', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(97)00783-9', 'title': 'Aspects of N = 1 type I-heterotic duality in four dimensions', 'display_name': 'Aspects of N = 1 type I-heterotic duality in four dimensions', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-02-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2072456854', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(97)00783-9', 'mag': '2072456854'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(97)00783-9', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194812', 'display_name': 'Nuclear Physics B', 'issn_l': '0550-3213', 'issn': ['0550-3213', '1873-1562'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['arxiv', 'crossref', 'datacite'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/9704059', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019796246', 'display_name': 'Zura Kakushadze', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8169-2149'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I12912129', 'display_name': 'Northeastern University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04t5xt781', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I12912129']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I136199984', 'display_name': 'Harvard University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03vek6s52', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I136199984']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Zurab Kakushadze', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA', 'Lyman Laboratory of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I12912129']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Lyman Laboratory of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I136199984']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5019796246'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I12912129', 'https://openalex.org/I136199984'], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.869, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 87, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.772531, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '512', 'issue': '1-2', 'first_page': '221', 'last_page': '236'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10025', 'display_name': 'Black Holes and Theoretical Physics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10025', 'display_name': 'Black Holes and Theoretical Physics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10224', 'display_name': 'Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10048', 'display_name': 'Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/duality', 'display_name': 'Duality (order theory)', 'score': 0.48506847}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/massless-particle', 'display_name': 'Massless particle', 'score': 0.46566606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/string-duality', 'display_name': 'String duality', 'score': 0.45743138}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C96732373', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140761', 'display_name': 'Heterotic string theory', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.981976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73373263', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845677', 'display_name': 'Moduli space', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6996552}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6411817}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33332235', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362', 'display_name': 'Theoretical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.56489563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778023678', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554403', 'display_name': 'Duality (order theory)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48506847}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777299769', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858', 'display_name': 'Type (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47104716}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C157486923', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436', 'display_name': 'String (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46751148}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54937798', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2024141', 'display_name': 'Massless particle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46566606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C186100338', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780099', 'display_name': 'String duality', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.45743138}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121089165', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889796', 'display_name': 'Moduli', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45543796}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109214941', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334', 'display_name': 'Particle physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3842452}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C37914503', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495', 'display_name': 'Mathematical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34294343}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84114770', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344', 'display_name': 'Quantum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.21095592}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.20047972}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18690115}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17912692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108568745', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234181', 'display_name': 'Quantum gravity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.13081822}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23409769', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310750', 'display_name': 'Relationship between string theory and quantum field theory', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.12683123}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(97)00783-9', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194812', 'display_name': 'Nuclear Physics B', 'issn_l': '0550-3213', 'issn': ['0550-3213', '1873-1562'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9704059', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/9704059', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9704059', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9704059', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/9704059', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W2072456854', 'https://openalex.org/W3099762558'], 'referenced_works_count': 36, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1965482771', 'https://openalex.org/W1967695981', 'https://openalex.org/W1971243952', 'https://openalex.org/W1975617965', 'https://openalex.org/W1984227575', 'https://openalex.org/W1990586241', 'https://openalex.org/W1991521093', 'https://openalex.org/W1994805682', 'https://openalex.org/W2003059693', 'https://openalex.org/W2012218074', 'https://openalex.org/W2012357524', 'https://openalex.org/W2016463526', 'https://openalex.org/W2016654236', 'https://openalex.org/W2021019569', 'https://openalex.org/W2031615121', 'https://openalex.org/W2031992805', 'https://openalex.org/W2047646758', 'https://openalex.org/W2052339150', 'https://openalex.org/W2056186746', 'https://openalex.org/W2072476988', 'https://openalex.org/W2080651095', 'https://openalex.org/W2081124725', 'https://openalex.org/W2086495003', 'https://openalex.org/W2086981944', 'https://openalex.org/W2131776823', 'https://openalex.org/W2145743427', 'https://openalex.org/W2147129794', 'https://openalex.org/W2165058523', 'https://openalex.org/W2593805616', 'https://openalex.org/W3099089924', 'https://openalex.org/W3103683183', 'https://openalex.org/W3104776250', 'https://openalex.org/W3105812208', 'https://openalex.org/W3105986588', 'https://openalex.org/W3106071352', 'https://openalex.org/W4248632716'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4385017996', 'https://openalex.org/W3101813139', 'https://openalex.org/W3100039786', 'https://openalex.org/W3099456806', 'https://openalex.org/W2124034841', 'https://openalex.org/W2090022472', 'https://openalex.org/W2085984436', 'https://openalex.org/W2050589277', 'https://openalex.org/W2047224882', 'https://openalex.org/W2022592637'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2072456854', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T14:38:03.524923', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}