Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2072046078', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2002.12.001', 'title': 'Nonmonotonic causal theories', 'display_name': 'Nonmonotonic causal theories', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-10-27', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2072046078', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2002.12.001', 'mag': '2072046078'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2002.12.001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S196139623', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence', 'issn_l': '0004-3702', 'issn': ['0004-3702', '1872-7921'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2002.12.001', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004609930', 'display_name': 'Enrico Giunchiglia', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5758-2556'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I83816512', 'display_name': 'University of Genoa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0107c5v14', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I83816512']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Enrico Giunchiglia', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['DIST – Università di Genova, Genova, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'DIST – Università di Genova, Genova, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I83816512']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100343841', 'display_name': 'Joohyung Lee', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1102-3905'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I86519309', 'display_name': 'The University of Texas at Austin', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj54h04', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Joohyung Lee', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Texas Austin, TX'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Texas Austin, TX', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076917986', 'display_name': 'Vladimir Lifschitz', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-7907'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I86519309', 'display_name': 'The University of Texas at Austin', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj54h04', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Vladimir Lifschitz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Texas Austin, TX'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Texas Austin, TX', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5066225235', 'display_name': 'Norman McCain', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I86519309', 'display_name': 'The University of Texas at Austin', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj54h04', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Norman McCain', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Texas Austin, TX'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Texas Austin, TX', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5084281533', 'display_name': 'Hudson Turner', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210115145', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota, Duluth', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01hy4qx27', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210115145']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hudson Turner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Minnesota Duluth, MN'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Minnesota Duluth, MN', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210115145']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3670, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3670, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 41.643, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 467, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999947, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '153', 'issue': '1-2', 'first_page': '49', 'last_page': '104'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11010', 'display_name': 'Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11010', 'display_name': 'Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10215', 'display_name': 'Semantic Web and Ontologies', 'score': 0.9893, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11303', 'display_name': 'Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference', 'score': 0.9868, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nondeterministic-algorithm', 'display_name': 'Nondeterministic algorithm', 'score': 0.5600978}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/formalism', 'display_name': 'Formalism (music)', 'score': 0.5600003}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/non-monotonic-logic', 'display_name': 'Non-monotonic logic', 'score': 0.5514735}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/commonsense-reasoning', 'display_name': 'Commonsense reasoning', 'score': 0.44105673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-model', 'display_name': 'Causal model', 'score': 0.41799307}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.59268}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C176181172', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3490301', 'display_name': 'Nondeterministic algorithm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5600978}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73301696', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984', 'display_name': 'Formalism (music)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5600003}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159032336', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768', 'display_name': 'Non-monotonic logic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5514735}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161301231', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658', 'display_name': 'Knowledge representation and reasoning', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5193516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.46017945}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188147891', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638', 'display_name': 'Cognitive science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4434373}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C193221554', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153664', 'display_name': 'Commonsense reasoning', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44105673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11671645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567', 'display_name': 'Causal model', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41799307}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C80444323', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974', 'display_name': 'Theoretical computer science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37163803}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2811492}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.15924191}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C558565934', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743', 'display_name': 'Musical', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153349607', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649', 'display_name': 'Visual arts', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2002.12.001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S196139623', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence', 'issn_l': '0004-3702', 'issn': ['0004-3702', '1872-7921'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2002.12.001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S196139623', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence', 'issn_l': '0004-3702', 'issn': ['0004-3702', '1872-7921'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16', 'score': 0.62, 'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 54, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1485332185', 'https://openalex.org/W1496114564', 'https://openalex.org/W1500718495', 'https://openalex.org/W15206906', 'https://openalex.org/W1552564382', 'https://openalex.org/W1582663744', 'https://openalex.org/W1583058930', 'https://openalex.org/W1593448759', 'https://openalex.org/W1598659460', 'https://openalex.org/W1627006034', 'https://openalex.org/W1639901403', 'https://openalex.org/W1663140555', 'https://openalex.org/W1667362966', 'https://openalex.org/W1766332311', 'https://openalex.org/W181302945', 'https://openalex.org/W189303310', 'https://openalex.org/W1914057355', 'https://openalex.org/W1923236949', 'https://openalex.org/W1978631539', 'https://openalex.org/W1987760095', 'https://openalex.org/W1993512664', 'https://openalex.org/W1998363560', 'https://openalex.org/W2007116259', 'https://openalex.org/W201914929', 'https://openalex.org/W2032905890', 'https://openalex.org/W2033580933', 'https://openalex.org/W2036900631', 'https://openalex.org/W2038967932', 'https://openalex.org/W2044417902', 'https://openalex.org/W2076698873', 'https://openalex.org/W2078578754', 'https://openalex.org/W2082880188', 'https://openalex.org/W2092211394', 'https://openalex.org/W2118823189', 'https://openalex.org/W2119409989', 'https://openalex.org/W2138162238', 'https://openalex.org/W2146405821', 'https://openalex.org/W2151403295', 'https://openalex.org/W2152131859', 'https://openalex.org/W2155322595', 'https://openalex.org/W2155856811', 'https://openalex.org/W2337392266', 'https://openalex.org/W2402164836', 'https://openalex.org/W2614079513', 'https://openalex.org/W2886271628', 'https://openalex.org/W2899987233', 'https://openalex.org/W2945259913', 'https://openalex.org/W4213229129', 'https://openalex.org/W4393110351', 'https://openalex.org/W59877118', 'https://openalex.org/W79333209', 'https://openalex.org/W81871881', 'https://openalex.org/W81942528', 'https://openalex.org/W859940'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W74457784', 'https://openalex.org/W2732370844', 'https://openalex.org/W2237849437', 'https://openalex.org/W2059250937', 'https://openalex.org/W2009960197', 'https://openalex.org/W1868862982', 'https://openalex.org/W18057289', 'https://openalex.org/W1780025212', 'https://openalex.org/W1660287273', 'https://openalex.org/W1489133937'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2072046078', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 36}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-11T04:43:50.842979', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}