Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2070582644', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2009.09.018', 'title': 'Review of secondary loop refrigeration systems', 'display_name': 'Review of secondary loop refrigeration systems', 'publication_year': 2009, 'publication_date': '2009-10-14', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2070582644', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2009.09.018', 'mag': '2070582644'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2009.09.018', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S186745480', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Refrigeration', 'issn_l': '0140-7007', 'issn': ['0140-7007', '1879-2081'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100437092', 'display_name': 'Kai Wang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-1270'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I66946132', 'display_name': 'University of Maryland, College Park', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047s2c258', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kai Wang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112197448', 'display_name': 'Magnus Eisele', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I66946132', 'display_name': 'University of Maryland, College Park', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047s2c258', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Magnus Eisele', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016656657', 'display_name': 'Yunho Hwang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-0179'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I66946132', 'display_name': 'University of Maryland, College Park', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047s2c258', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yunho Hwang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020884323', 'display_name': 'Reinhard Radermacher', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9406-1466'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I66946132', 'display_name': 'University of Maryland, College Park', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047s2c258', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Reinhard Radermacher', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I66946132']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2820, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2820, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 6.466, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 115, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.965391, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '33', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '212', 'last_page': '234'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11529', 'display_name': 'Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11529', 'display_name': 'Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10850', 'display_name': 'Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies', 'score': 0.9863, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11774', 'display_name': 'Adsorption and Cooling Systems', 'score': 0.9694, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/flammable-liquid', 'display_name': 'Flammable liquid', 'score': 0.83673584}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199499590', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q266790', 'display_name': 'Refrigerant', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9634329}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C69907114', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747713', 'display_name': 'Refrigeration', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.86380863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31892906', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5457310', 'display_name': 'Flammable liquid', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.83673584}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158550234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910035', 'display_name': 'Flammability', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6512065}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.52037776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C103742991', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173725', 'display_name': 'Air conditioning', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5170791}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C21880701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042', 'display_name': 'Process engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.46625245}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548081761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388', 'display_name': 'Waste management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4511376}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3147384}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107706546', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189124', 'display_name': 'Heat exchanger', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.21973902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.21586943}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15691113}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2009.09.018', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S186745480', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Refrigeration', 'issn_l': '0140-7007', 'issn': ['0140-7007', '1879-2081'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.4, 'display_name': 'Life on land', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 46, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W127077323', 'https://openalex.org/W129285685', 'https://openalex.org/W136911640', 'https://openalex.org/W1507313421', 'https://openalex.org/W1554817246', 'https://openalex.org/W1563709163', 'https://openalex.org/W1579905677', 'https://openalex.org/W1969716900', 'https://openalex.org/W1977493297', 'https://openalex.org/W1978580298', 'https://openalex.org/W1987172274', 'https://openalex.org/W1999965596', 'https://openalex.org/W2006974949', 'https://openalex.org/W2010797245', 'https://openalex.org/W2015913919', 'https://openalex.org/W2016645516', 'https://openalex.org/W2041170912', 'https://openalex.org/W2052960798', 'https://openalex.org/W2053699898', 'https://openalex.org/W2054077008', 'https://openalex.org/W2080404884', 'https://openalex.org/W2083695685', 'https://openalex.org/W2097410452', 'https://openalex.org/W2124143290', 'https://openalex.org/W2146757157', 'https://openalex.org/W2186147141', 'https://openalex.org/W2204202484', 'https://openalex.org/W2292416442', 'https://openalex.org/W2292417542', 'https://openalex.org/W2462045643', 'https://openalex.org/W2464231590', 'https://openalex.org/W2626513933', 'https://openalex.org/W2729810252', 'https://openalex.org/W274013440', 'https://openalex.org/W2760960278', 'https://openalex.org/W30298742', 'https://openalex.org/W3033168029', 'https://openalex.org/W3039292226', 'https://openalex.org/W3084075496', 'https://openalex.org/W3157464050', 'https://openalex.org/W3160758548', 'https://openalex.org/W3215350099', 'https://openalex.org/W335367285', 'https://openalex.org/W34025233', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W588242745'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3035100916', 'https://openalex.org/W2537182370', 'https://openalex.org/W2392598063', 'https://openalex.org/W2376773142', 'https://openalex.org/W2373101604', 'https://openalex.org/W2347224416', 'https://openalex.org/W2343414479', 'https://openalex.org/W2157605661', 'https://openalex.org/W2075170527', 'https://openalex.org/W139759622'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2070582644', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-08T02:44:18.951403', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}