Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2066396162', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000139320.78673.2a', 'title': 'CHEMOPREVENTION OF PROSTATE CANCER IN MEN AT HIGH RISK: RATIONALE AND DESIGN OF THE REDUCTION BY DUTASTERIDE OF PROSTATE CANCER EVENTS (REDUCE) TRIAL', 'display_name': 'CHEMOPREVENTION OF PROSTATE CANCER IN MEN AT HIGH RISK: RATIONALE AND DESIGN OF THE REDUCTION BY DUTASTERIDE OF PROSTATE CANCER EVENTS (REDUCE) TRIAL', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-09-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2066396162', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000139320.78673.2a', 'mag': '2066396162', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15371831'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000139320.78673.2a', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30525748', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Urology', 'issn_l': '0022-5347', 'issn': ['0022-5347', '1527-3792'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086081364', 'display_name': 'Gerald L. Andriole', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4033-2352'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'GERALD ANDRIOLE', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048482314', 'display_name': 'David G. Bostwick', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'DAVID BOSTWICK', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069928863', 'display_name': 'Otis W. Brawley', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-1853'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'OTIS BRAWLEY', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5071741514', 'display_name': 'Leonard G. Gomella', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-489X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'LEONARD GOMELLA', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090946201', 'display_name': 'Michael Marberger', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'MICHAEL MARBERGER', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5014512900', 'display_name': 'Donald J. Tindall', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7233-8156'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'DONALD TINDALL', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5033855666', 'display_name': 'SHARON BREED', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'SHARON BREED', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048746057', 'display_name': 'Matthew C. Somerville', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5315-3164'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'MATT SOMERVILLE', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'https://openalex.org/I149251103']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021627791', 'display_name': 'Roger S. Rittmaster', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'display_name': 'Bostwick Laboratories', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002feag21', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'display_name': 'University of Vienna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03prydq77', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129774422']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'display_name': 'GlaxoSmithKline (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025vn3989', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I188950975', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149251103', 'display_name': 'Thomas Jefferson University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00ysqcn41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149251103']}], 'countries': ['AT', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'ROGER RITTMASTER', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Washington University School of Medicine (GA), St. Louis, Missouri, Bostwick Laboratories (DB), Richmond, Virginia, Emory University School of Medicine (OB), Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas Jefferson University (LG), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, University of Vienna (MM), Vienna, Austria, Mayo Clinic (DT), Rochester, Minnesota, and GlaxoSmithKline (SB, MS, RR), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087488', 'https://openalex.org/I129774422', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114143', 'https://openalex.org/I149251103']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 20.993, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 291, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.964036, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '172', 'issue': '4 Part 1', 'first_page': '1314', 'last_page': '1317'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10279', 'display_name': 'Standardisation of Lower Urinary Tract Function', 'score': 0.9951, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2748', 'display_name': 'Urology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10279', 'display_name': 'Standardisation of Lower Urinary Tract Function', 'score': 0.9951, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2748', 'display_name': 'Urology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10124', 'display_name': 'Prostate Cancer Research and Treatment', 'score': 0.9942, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10351', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology and Management of NAFLD', 'score': 0.9806, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dutasteride', 'display_name': 'Dutasteride', 'score': 0.97241986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer', 'display_name': 'Prostate Cancer', 'score': 0.582556}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-inflammation', 'display_name': 'Prostate Inflammation', 'score': 0.502258}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778878792', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424760', 'display_name': 'Dutasteride', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.97241986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9497372}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.71544886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776235491', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9625', 'display_name': 'Prostate', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6980133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780192828', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257', 'display_name': 'Prostate cancer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.68654186}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143998085', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555', 'display_name': 'Oncology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.59092903}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126894567', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650', 'display_name': 'Urology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5472916}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42989677}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29456083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899', 'display_name': 'Gynecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41580203}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D058891', 'descriptor_name': '5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001378', 'descriptor_name': 'Azasteroids', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014408', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011471', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001378', 'descriptor_name': 'Azasteroids', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001378', 'descriptor_name': 'Azasteroids', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014408', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001706', 'descriptor_name': 'Biopsy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004311', 'descriptor_name': 'Double-Blind Method', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000068538', 'descriptor_name': 'Dutasteride', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019160', 'descriptor_name': 'Endosonography', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011446', 'descriptor_name': 'Prospective Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011467', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011467', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostate', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017430', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017430', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011470', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011470', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011470', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011470', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011471', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011471', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011471', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011472', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatitis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011472', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatitis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011472', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatitis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011472', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatitis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012306', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016896', 'descriptor_name': 'Treatment Outcome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000139320.78673.2a', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30525748', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Urology', 'issn_l': '0022-5347', 'issn': ['0022-5347', '1527-3792'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15371831', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.51, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 19, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1928958763', 'https://openalex.org/W1963593012', 'https://openalex.org/W1972262823', 'https://openalex.org/W2010902574', 'https://openalex.org/W2023481449', 'https://openalex.org/W2024033913', 'https://openalex.org/W2027619565', 'https://openalex.org/W2031137111', 'https://openalex.org/W2043700181', 'https://openalex.org/W2051592657', 'https://openalex.org/W2059778681', 'https://openalex.org/W2081251422', 'https://openalex.org/W2085741713', 'https://openalex.org/W2111663279', 'https://openalex.org/W2113745250', 'https://openalex.org/W2123545083', 'https://openalex.org/W2133560479', 'https://openalex.org/W2133929387', 'https://openalex.org/W3135529189'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W68023855', 'https://openalex.org/W2425006692', 'https://openalex.org/W2409396036', 'https://openalex.org/W2320965528', 'https://openalex.org/W2292412304', 'https://openalex.org/W2171225186', 'https://openalex.org/W2151547940', 'https://openalex.org/W2017964636', 'https://openalex.org/W2002664683', 'https://openalex.org/W1978467704'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'No': [0], 'AccessJournal': [1], 'of': [2, 260, 276, 290, 300, 326, 333, 362, 409, 423, 429, 457, 467, 496, 506, 511, 525, 533, 551, 595, 601, 615, 640, 678, 685, 703, 707, 729, 754, 761, 783, 834, 853, 878, 913, 971, 984, 991, 997, 1012, 1026, 1038, 1090, 1098, 1139, 1185, 1190, 1197, 1217, 1253, 1272, 1281, 1330, 1335, 1378, 1387, 1396, 1427, 1435, 1463, 1489, 1516, 1519, 1541, 1549, 1555, 1564, 1593, 1597, 1607, 1614, 1629, 1644, 1661, 1678, 1692, 1699, 1724, 1729, 1741, 1762, 1775, 1778, 1802, 1817, 1832, 1860, 1904, 1949], 'UrologyAdult': [3], 'Urology:': [4], 'Oncology:': [5], 'Prostate/Testis/Penis/Urethra1': [6], 'Oct': [7], '2004CHEMOPREVENTION': [8], 'OF': [9, 20, 25, 1846, 1854, 1890, 1898, 1932, 1942, 1947], 'PROSTATE': [10, 26, 1858, 1902, 1943], 'CANCER': [11, 27], 'IN': [12, 1857, 1901], 'MEN': [13], 'AT': [14], 'HIGH': [15], 'RISK:': [16], 'RATIONALE': [17], 'AND': [18, 1940], 'DESIGN': [19], 'THE': [21, 1847, 1891, 1930, 1936], 'REDUCTION': [22], 'BY': [23], 'DUTASTERIDE': [24, 1851, 1895], 'EVENTS': [28], '(REDUCE)': [29], 'TRIAL': [30], 'GERALD': [31, 53, 1979], 'ANDRIOLE,': [32], 'DAVID': [33, 87, 2011], 'BOSTWICK,': [34], 'OTIS': [35, 112, 2034], 'BRAWLEY,': [36], 'LEONARD': [37, 132, 2052], 'GOMELLA,': [38], 'MICHAEL': [39, 148, 2066], 'MARBERGER,': [40], 'DONALD': [41, 166, 2082], 'TINDALL,': [42], 'SHARON': [43, 182, 2096], 'BREED,': [44], 'MATT': [45, 198, 2110], 'SOMERVILLE,': [46], 'ROGER': [47, 214, 2124], 'RITTMASTER,': [48], 'and': [49, 79, 104, 124, 158, 230, 294, 404, 420, 426, 435, 438, 486, 492, 531, 549, 673, 683, 701, 711, 738, 781, 788, 795, 816, 842, 856, 863, 885, 943, 964, 1048, 1078, 1088, 1120, 1131, 1179, 1200, 1235, 1267, 1307, 1373, 1418, 1457, 1466, 1480, 1501, 1514, 1535, 1546, 1552, 1586, 1600, 1696, 1719, 1731, 1757, 1796, 1814, 1884, 1926, 2004, 2027, 2045, 2075], 'REDUCE': [50, 231, 1137, 1215, 1251, 1333, 1738, 2138], 'STUDY': [51, 232, 2139], 'GROUP': [52, 233, 2140], 'ANDRIOLEGERALD': [54], 'ANDRIOLE': [55, 1980], 'Financial': [56, 90, 115, 135, 151, 169, 185, 201, 217, 1981, 2013, 2036, 2054, 2068, 2084, 2098, 2112, 2126], 'interest': [57, 91, 116, 136, 152, 170, 186, 202, 218, 1982, 2014, 2037, 2055, 2069, 2085, 2099, 2113, 2127], 'and/or': [58, 92, 117, 137, 153, 171, 187, 203, 219, 1983, 2015, 2038, 2056, 2070, 2086, 2100, 2114, 2128], 'other': [59, 93, 118, 138, 154, 172, 188, 204, 220, 1984, 2016, 2039, 2057, 2071, 2087, 2101, 2115, 2129], 'relationship': [60, 94, 119, 139, 155, 173, 189, 205, 221, 1985, 2017, 2040, 2058, 2072, 2088, 2102, 2116, 2130], 'with': [61, 95, 120, 140, 156, 174, 190, 206, 222, 578, 648, 690, 716, 1086, 1986, 2018, 2041, 2059, 2073, 2089, 2103, 2117, 2131], 'Abbott': [62, 1987], 'Laboratories,': [63, 68, 102, 1988, 1993, 2025], 'Antigenics,': [64, 1989], 'Bambridge': [65, 1990], 'Scientific,': [66, 1991], 'Barr': [67, 1992], 'Bion': [69, 1994], 'Diagnostic,': [70, 1995], 'C.': [71, 1996], 'D.': [72, 1997], 'Searle,': [73, 1998], 'Cell': [74, 1999], 'Pathways,': [75, 2000], 'GlaxoSmithKline,': [76, 96, 2001, 2019], 'Merck,': [77, 122, 2002, 2043], 'Pharmacia': [78, 2003], 'Zeneca.': [80, 2005], 'More': [81, 106, 126, 142, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, 234, 2006, 2029, 2047, 2061, 2077, 2091, 2105, 2119, 2133, 2141], 'articles': [82, 107, 127, 143, 161, 177, 193, 209, 225, 235, 2007, 2030, 2048, 2062, 2078, 2092, 2106, 2120, 2134, 2142], 'by': [83, 108, 128, 144, 162, 178, 194, 210, 226, 236, 298, 618, 938, 1059, 1972, 2008, 2031, 2049, 2063, 2079, 2093, 2107, 2121, 2135, 2143], 'this': [84, 109, 129, 145, 163, 179, 195, 211, 227, 237, 476, 2009, 2032, 2050, 2064, 2080, 2094, 2108, 2122, 2136, 2144], 'author': [85, 110, 130, 146, 164, 180, 196, 212, 228, 238, 2010, 2033, 2051, 2065, 2081, 2095, 2109, 2123, 2137, 2145], ',': [86, 111, 131, 147, 165, 181, 197, 213, 229], 'BOSTWICKDAVID': [88], 'BOSTWICK': [89, 1916, 2012], 'Genotherapeutics,': [97, 2020], 'DiagnoCure,': [98, 2021], 'PhotoCure,': [99, 2022], 'AstraZeneca,': [100, 2023], 'Bostwick': [101, 1018, 1151, 1715, 2024], 'Medlon': [103, 2026], 'Endocare.': [105, 2028], 'BRAWLEYOTIS': [113], 'BRAWLEY': [114, 2035], 'Theragenics,': [121, 2042], 'GlaxoSmithKline': [123, 1049, 2044], 'Sanofi.': [125, 2046], 'GOMELLALEONARD': [133], 'GOMELLA': [134, 2053], 'GlaxoSmithKline.': [141, 159, 175, 191, 207, 223, 2060, 2076, 2090, 2104, 2118, 2132], 'MARBERGERMICHAEL': [149], 'MARBERGER': [150, 2067], 'MSD': [157, 2074], 'TINDALLDONALD': [167], 'TINDALL': [168, 2083], 'BREEDSHARON': [183], 'BREED': [184, 2097], 'SOMERVILLEMATT': [199], 'SOMERVILLE': [200, 2111], 'RITTMASTERROGER': [215], 'RITTMASTER': [216, 2125], 'View': [239], 'All': [240, 2147], 'Author': [241], 'Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000139320.78673.2aAboutFull': [242], 'TextPDF': [243], 'ToolsAdd': [244], 'to': [245, 316, 339, 352, 364, 369, 374, 387, 395, 447, 483], 'favoritesDownload': [246], 'CitationsTrack': [247], 'CitationsPermissionsReprints': [248], 'ShareFacebookLinked': [249], 'InTwitterEmail': [250], 'Abstract': [251], 'Purpose:': [252], 'Chemoprevention': [253, 1691, 1739], 'may': [254], 'significantly': [255], 'impact': [256], 'the': [257, 274, 288, 324, 427, 455, 458, 464, 509, 681, 767, 839, 922, 995, 1008, 1136, 1188, 1195, 1214, 1250, 1327, 1331, 1425, 1486, 1512, 1544, 1550, 1553, 1556, 1591, 1605, 1725, 1737, 1768], 'natural': [258, 465], 'history': [259, 466], 'prostate': [261, 277, 329, 359, 410, 424, 468, 490, 497, 512, 575, 686, 730, 794, 797, 819, 841, 860, 866, 884, 920, 939, 965, 985], 'cancer.': [262, 278, 330, 513], 'The': [263, 296, 407, 451, 504, 779, 1124, 1183, 1461, 1505, 1539, 1800], 'most': [264], 'potent': [265, 598], 'intraprostatic': [266], 'androgen,': [267], 'dihydrotestosterone,': [268], 'has': [269], 'a': [270, 281, 357, 384, 480, 494, 597, 620, 704, 967, 1208], 'significant': [271], 'role': [272], 'in': [273, 470, 529, 573, 646, 688, 714, 758, 766, 791, 796, 809, 838, 858, 864, 883, 896, 918, 947, 987, 999, 1205, 1246, 1249, 1321, 1326, 1474, 1511, 1560, 1649, 1656, 1767, 1807], 'pathophysiology': [275], 'It': [279, 478], 'represents': [280], 'biologically': [282], 'plausible': [283], 'target': [284], 'for': [285, 344, 412, 475, 489, 892, 994, 1194, 1315, 1381, 1424, 1432, 1507], 'chemoprevention': [286, 313], 'through': [287], 'inhibition': [289], '5α-reductase': [291, 460, 762], 'isoenzymes.': [292], 'Materials': [293], 'Methods:': [295], 'Reduction': [297], 'Dutasteride': [299, 1186, 1239, 1332, 1542, 1763], 'Prostate': [301, 1132, 1191, 1203, 1277, 1318, 1382, 1433, 1517, 1551, 1594, 1608, 1650, 1675, 1693, 1765, 1776, 1804], 'Cancer': [302, 1204, 1383, 1609], 'Events': [303], 'clinical': [304], 'trial': [305], 'is': [306, 571], 'an': [307, 638, 757], 'international,': [308], 'multicenter,': [309], 'double-blind,': [310], 'placebo': [311, 343], 'controlled': [312], 'study': [314, 452, 970], 'designed': [315], 'determine': [317], 'if': [318], 'dutasteride': [319, 341, 430, 462, 679], '0.5': [320], 'mg': [321], 'daily': [322], 'decreases': [323], 'risk': [325, 474], 'biopsy': [327, 390, 1000], 'detectable': [328], 'A': [331, 1422, 1672, 1812], 'total': [332], '8,000': [334], 'men': [335, 348, 471, 647, 689, 715], 'will': [336, 399, 416, 440, 453], 'be': [337, 350, 400, 417, 442, 448], 'randomized': [338], 'receive': [340], 'or': [342, 372], '4': [345, 405, 564, 1962], 'years.': [346, 406], 'Eligible': [347], 'must': [349, 382], '50': [351, 368], '75': [353], 'years': [354], 'old,': [355], 'have': [356, 383], 'serum': [358], 'specific': [360], 'antigen': [361], '2.5': [363], '10': [365, 375, 725], 'ng/ml': [366, 376], '(ages': [367], '60': [370, 379], 'years)': [371], '3.0': [373], '(older': [377], 'than': [378], 'years).': [380], 'Men': [381, 1206, 1247, 1428, 1475, 1808], 'negative': [385], '6': [386, 392, 611], '12': [388, 777], 'core': [389, 988], 'within': [391], 'months': [393], 'prior': [394], 'enrollment.': [396], 'Repeat': [397, 1317], 'biopsies': [398, 734], 'taken': [401], 'at': [402, 472, 888, 1323, 1429], '2': [403, 522, 712, 917], 'rates': [408], 'cancer': [411, 469, 687, 731, 861, 940, 998], 'each': [413], 'treatment': [414], 'group': [415], 'compared.': [418], 'Genetic': [419], 'protein': [421], 'biomarkers': [422, 485], 'cancer,': [425, 491], 'effect': [428, 960], 'on': [431, 463, 508, 680, 733, 961, 1187, 1276, 1469, 1543, 1604, 1764], 'benign': [432, 579, 649, 691, 717, 865, 944], 'prostatic': [433, 580, 644, 650, 692, 718, 843, 945, 962], 'hyperplasia': [434, 581, 946, 963], 'prostatitis': [436], 'symptomatology': [437], 'histopathology': [439], 'also': [441], 'assessed.': [443], 'Results:': [444], 'Results': [445, 1095, 1134, 1212, 1484], 'remain': [446], 'determined.': [449], 'Conclusions:': [450], 'examine': [454, 484], 'effects': [456], 'dual': [459, 599, 622, 705], 'inhibitor': [461, 600, 639, 706, 760], 'increased': [473], 'malignancy.': [477], 'affords': [479], 'unique': [481], 'opportunity': [482], 'genetic': [487], 'linkage': [488], 'assess': [493], 'range': [495], 'health': [498], 'outcome': [499], 'measures.': [500], 'References': [501], '1': [502, 569, 710], ':': [503, 523, 546, 565, 591, 612, 636, 699, 726, 752, 778, 807, 831, 851, 875, 908, 934, 958, 982], 'influence': [505], 'finasteride': [507, 755], 'development': [510], 'N': [514, 1417], 'Engl': [515], 'J': [516, 536, 557, 583, 603, 627, 652, 744, 770, 800, 821, 898, 925, 949, 974, 1309, 1925], 'Med2003;': [517], '349:': [518], '215.': [519], 'Google': [520, 543, 562, 588, 609, 633, 658, 696, 723, 749, 775, 804, 828, 848, 872, 905, 931, 955, 979, 1005], 'Scholar': [521, 544, 563, 589, 610, 634, 659, 697, 724, 750, 776, 805, 829, 849, 873, 906, 932, 956, 980, 1006], 'Characterization': [524], '5alpha-reductase': [526, 811, 881], 'gene': [527], 'expression': [528, 782, 813, 833, 937], 'stroma': [530], 'epithelium': [532], 'human': [534, 768, 792, 818, 840, 859, 919], 'prostate.': [535, 769], 'Steroid': [537, 822, 899], 'Biochem': [538, 823, 900], 'Mol': [539, 824, 901], 'Biol1996;': [540, 902], '59:': [541], '397.': [542], '3': [545, 737], 'Tissue': [547], 'distribution': [548], 'ontogeny': [550], 'steroid': [552, 810, 880, 914], '5': [553, 590, 623, 641, 784, 835, 915, 935, 1129], 'alpha-reductase': [554, 785, 836, 916], 'isozyme': [555, 763], 'expression.': [556], 'Clin': [558, 653, 926, 950], 'Invest1993;': [559], '92:': [560], '903.': [561], '5-α': [566], 'reductase': [567, 625], 'type': [568, 893], 'immunostaining': [570], 'enhanced': [572], 'some': [574], 'cancers': [576], 'compared': [577], 'epithelium.': [582], 'Urol2003;': [584], '170:': [585], '2019.': [586], 'Link,': [587, 748, 774], 'Unique': [592], 'preclinical': [593], 'characteristics': [594], 'GG745,': [596], '5AR.': [602], 'Pharmacol': [604], 'Exp': [605], 'Ther1997;': [606], '282:': [607], '1496.': [608], 'Effective': [613], 'suppression': [614], 'dihydrotestosterone': [616, 645], '(DHT)': [617], 'GI198745,': [619], 'novel,': [621], 'alpha': [624], 'inhibitor.': [626], 'Urol1999;': [628, 771], '161:': [629, 772], '268.': [630], 'abstract': [631], '1037.': [632], '7': [635], 'Finasteride,': [637], 'alpha-reductase,': [642], 'suppresses': [643], 'hyperplasia.': [651, 693, 719], 'Endocrinol': [654, 927, 951], 'Metab1992;': [655], '74:': [656], '505.': [657], '8': [660], 'Andriole,': [661], 'G.': [662], 'L.,': [663], 'Roehrborn,': [664], 'C.,': [665, 667], 'Schulman,': [666], 'Slawin,': [668], 'K.': [669], 'M.,': [670], 'Sommerville,': [671], 'M.': [672], 'Rittmaster,': [674], 'R.': [675], 'S.:': [676], 'Effect': [677, 1184, 1540], 'incidence': [682], 'detection': [684], 'Unpublished': [694], 'data': [695], '9': [698], 'Efficacy': [700], 'safety': [702], '5-alpha-reductase': [708, 854], 'types': [709, 786], '(dutasteride)': [713], 'Urology2002;': [720], '60:': [721], '434.': [722], 'Prospective': [727], 'evaluation': [728], 'detected': [732], '1,': [735, 1222, 1286, 1666], '2,': [736, 1103, 1494], '4:': [739], 'when': [740], 'should': [741], 'we': [742], 'stop?.': [743], 'Urol2001;': [745], '166:': [746], '1679.': [747], '11': [751], 'Selectivity': [753], 'as': [756], 'vivo': [759], 'enzymatic': [764], 'activity': [765, 882, 895], '332.': [773], 'localisation': [780], 'I': [787, 894, 1689], 'II': [789], 'mRNAs': [790], 'hyperplastic': [793, 867], 'primary': [798], 'cultures.': [799], 'Endocrinol1998;': [801], '156:': [802], '509.': [803], '13': [806], 'Differences': [808], 'iso-enzymes': [812], 'between': [814, 1126], 'normal': [815], 'pathological': [817], 'tissue.': [820, 868], 'Biol1999;': [825], '68:': [826], '189.': [827], '14': [830], 'Differential': [832], 'isoenzymes': [837], 'carcinomas.': [844], 'Prostate1996;': [845], '29:': [846], '261.': [847], '15': [850], 'Presence': [852], 'isozymes': [855], 'aromatase': [857], 'cells': [862], 'Prostate1998;': [869], '34:': [870], '283.': [871], '16': [874], 'Kinetic': [876], 'analysis': [877], 'rat': [879], 'epididymis': [886], 'homogenates': [887], 'neutral': [889], 'pH:': [890], 'evidence': [891], 'epididymis.': [897], '57:': [903], '95.': [904], '17': [907], 'Messenger': [909], 'ribonucleic': [910], 'acid': [911], 'levels': [912], 'predict': [921], 'enzyme': [923], 'activity.': [924], 'Metab2001;': [928], '86:': [929], '855.': [930], '18': [933], 'Alpha-reductase': [936], 'cell': [941], 'lines': [942], 'vitro.': [948], 'Metab1996;': [952], '81:': [953], '1361.': [954], '19': [957], 'Finasteride': [959], 'cancer:': [966], 'comparative': [968], 'clinico-pathologic': [969], 'radical': [972], 'prostatectomies.': [973], 'Urol': [975], 'Pathol1997;': [976], '6:': [977], '1.': [978], '20': [981], 'Assessment': [983], 'carcinoma': [986], 'needle': [989], 'biopsy—definition': [990], 'minimal': [992], 'criteria': [993], 'diagnosis': [996], 'material.': [1001], 'Cancer1996;': [1002], '78:': [1003], '376.': [1004], 'From': [1007, 1213, 1485, 1736], 'Washington': [1009], 'University': [1010, 1024, 1033, 1037], 'School': [1011, 1025], 'Medicine': [1013, 1027], '(GA),': [1014], 'St.': [1015], 'Louis,': [1016], 'Missouri,': [1017], 'Laboratories': [1019], '(DB),': [1020], 'Richmond,': [1021], 'Virginia,': [1022], 'Emory': [1023], '(OB),': [1028], 'Atlanta,': [1029], 'Georgia,': [1030], 'Thomas': [1031, 1880], 'Jefferson': [1032], '(LG),': [1034], 'Philadelphia,': [1035], 'Pennsylvania,': [1036], 'Vienna': [1039], '(MM),': [1040], 'Vienna,': [1041], 'Austria,': [1042], 'Mayo': [1043], 'Clinic': [1044], '(DT),': [1045], 'Rochester,': [1046], 'Minnesota,': [1047], '(SB,': [1050], 'MS,': [1051], 'RR),': [1052], 'Research': [1053], 'Triangle': [1054], 'Park,': [1055], 'North': [1056], 'Carolina©': [1057], '2004': [1058, 1971], 'American': [1060, 1385, 1973], 'Urological': [1061, 1390, 1974], 'Association,': [1062, 1975], 'Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited': [1063], 'byBranche': [1064], 'B,': [1065, 1264, 1346], 'Howard': [1066, 1110], 'L,': [1067, 1111, 1156, 1530, 1789, 1881], 'Moreira': [1068, 1114], 'D,': [1069, 1115, 1152, 1168, 1716, 1917], 'Roehrborn': [1070, 1229, 1531, 1584, 1711, 1797], 'C,': [1071, 1162, 1166, 1230, 1446, 1532, 1712], 'Castro-Santamaria': [1072, 1116], 'R,': [1073, 1117, 1304, 1366, 1452, 1575], 'Andriole': [1074, 1118, 1305, 1419, 1790], 'G,': [1075, 1150, 1579, 1791, 1871, 1915], 'Hopp': [1076], 'M': [1077, 1718, 1756], 'Freedland': [1079, 1121, 1169, 1412], 'S': [1080, 1122, 1640], '(2018)': [1081, 1123, 1182, 1238, 1270, 1310, 1376, 1421, 1460, 1504, 1538, 1589, 1626, 1641, 1673, 1722, 1760, 1799, 1829, 1843, 1887, 1929], 'Sleep': [1082], 'Problems': [1083], 'are': [1084], 'Associated': [1085], 'Development': [1087], 'Progression': [1089], 'Lower': [1091, 1470], 'Urinary': [1092, 1471], 'Tract': [1093, 1472], 'Symptoms:': [1094], 'from': [1096, 1135], 'REDUCEJournal': [1097], 'Urology,': [1099, 1140, 1218, 1254, 1282, 1336, 1397, 1436, 1490, 1520, 1565, 1615, 1630, 1662, 1679, 1700, 1742, 1779, 1818, 1833, 1861, 1905, 1950], 'VOL.': [1100, 1141, 1219, 1255, 1283, 1337, 1398, 1437, 1491, 1521, 1566, 1616, 1631, 1663, 1680, 1701, 1743, 1780, 1819, 1834, 1862, 1906, 1951], '199,': [1101], 'NO.': [1102, 1143, 1221, 1257, 1285, 1339, 1400, 1439, 1493, 1523, 1568, 1618, 1633, 1665, 1682, 1703, 1745, 1782, 1821, 1836, 1864, 1908, 1953], '(536-542),': [1104], 'Online': [1105, 1146, 1224, 1260, 1288, 1342, 1403, 1442, 1496, 1526, 1571, 1621, 1636, 1668, 1685, 1706, 1748, 1785, 1824, 1839, 1867, 1911, 1956], 'publication': [1106, 1147, 1225, 1261, 1289, 1343, 1404, 1443, 1497, 1527, 1572, 1622, 1637, 1669, 1686, 1707, 1749, 1786, 1825, 1840, 1868, 1912, 1957], 'date:': [1107, 1148, 1226, 1262, 1290, 1344, 1405, 1444, 1498, 1528, 1573, 1623, 1638, 1670, 1687, 1708, 1750, 1787, 1826, 1841, 1869, 1913, 1958], '1-Feb-2018.Jamnagerwalla': [1108], 'J,': [1109, 1228, 1294, 1300, 1360, 1362, 1370, 1450, 1710, 1793, 1879, 1921], 'Vidal': [1112], 'A,': [1113, 1298, 1415], 'G': [1119, 1306, 1420, 1759, 1828], 'Association': [1125, 1391], 'Phosphodiesterase': [1127], 'Type': [1128], 'Inhibitors': [1130, 1275, 1380], 'Cancer:': [1133, 1651, 1694], 'StudyJournal': [1138, 1216, 1252, 1488], '196,': [1142], '3,': [1144, 1746, 1822, 1837], '(715-720),': [1145], '1-Sep-2016.Andriole': [1149], 'Brawley': [1153], 'O,': [1154], 'Gomella': [1155], 'Marberger': [1157], 'M,': [1158, 1172, 1296, 1352, 1407, 1577, 1714, 1877, 1923], 'Montorsi': [1159, 1231, 1458], 'F,': [1160, 1232, 1409, 1919], 'Pettaway': [1161], 'Tammela': [1163], 'T,': [1164, 1174, 1368, 1752], 'Teloken': [1165], 'Tindall': [1167], 'S,': [1170, 1292, 1350, 1413], 'Somerville': [1171, 1717], 'Wilson': [1173, 1233, 1536], 'Fowler': [1175], 'I,': [1176], 'Castro': [1177], 'R': [1178, 1181, 1237, 1266, 1372, 1503, 1588, 1721, 1886], 'Rittmaster': [1180, 1236, 1303, 1502, 1587, 1720, 1885], 'Usefulness': [1189], 'Specific': [1192, 1278, 1805], 'Antigen': [1193, 1279, 1772, 1806], 'Diagnosis': [1196], 'High': [1198], 'Grade': [1199], 'Clinically': [1201], 'Relevant': [1202], 'With': [1207, 1244, 1476, 1653], 'Previous': [1209], 'Negative': [1210], 'Biopsy:': [1211], '185,': [1220], '(126-131),': [1223], '1-Jan-2011.Nickel': [1227], 'T': [1234, 1537, 1771], 'Reduces': [1240], 'Prostatitis': [1241, 1730], 'Symptoms': [1242, 1473, 1728], 'Compared': [1243], 'Placebo': [1245, 1328], 'Enrolled': [1248], '186,': [1256], '4,': [1258, 1401, 1524, 1569, 1783, 1865, 1909], '(1313-1318),': [1259], '1-Oct-2011.Helfand': [1263], 'Blackwell': [1265], 'McVary': [1268], 'K': [1269], 'Consequences': [1271], 'Switching': [1273], '5α-Reductase': [1274, 1379, 1509, 1601, 1810], 'VelocityJournal': [1280], '184,': [1284, 1338], '(218-223),': [1287], '1-Jul-2010.Aubin': [1291], 'Reid': [1293], 'Sarno': [1295], 'Blase': [1297], 'Aussie': [1299], 'Rittenhouse': [1301], 'H,': [1302, 1358, 1754], 'Groskopf': [1308], 'PCA3': [1311], 'Molecular': [1312], 'Urine': [1313], 'Test': [1314], 'Predicting': [1316, 1561], 'Biopsy': [1319, 1598, 1676], 'Outcome': [1320], 'Populations': [1322], 'Risk:': [1324], 'Validation': [1325], 'Arm': [1329], 'TrialJournal': [1334, 1740], '5,': [1340, 1440, 1634], '(1947-1952),': [1341], '1-Nov-2010.Kramer': [1345], 'Hagerty': [1347], 'K,': [1348, 1454], 'Justman': [1349], 'Somerfield': [1351], 'Albertsen': [1353], 'P,': [1354, 1364, 1448, 1873, 1875], 'Blot': [1355], 'W,': [1356], 'Carter': [1357], 'Costantino': [1359], 'Epstein': [1361], 'Godley': [1363], 'Harris': [1365], 'Wilt': [1367], 'Wittes': [1369], 'Zon': [1371], 'Schellhammer': [1374], 'P': [1375], 'Use': [1377], 'Chemoprevention:': [1384], 'Society': [1386], 'Clinical': [1388, 1393, 1815], 'Oncology/American': [1389], '2008': [1392], 'Practice': [1394], 'GuidelineJournal': [1395], '181,': [1399], '(1642-1657),': [1402], '1-Apr-2009.Roobol': [1406], 'Schröder': [1408], 'Crawford': [1410], 'E,': [1411, 1583], 'Sartor': [1414], 'Fleshner': [1416], 'Framework': [1423], 'Identification': [1426], 'Increased': [1430], 'Risk': [1431], 'CancerJournal': [1434, 1518, 1777], '182,': [1438], '(2112-2122),': [1441], '1-Nov-2009.Roehrborn': [1445], 'Siami': [1447], 'Barkin': [1449], 'Damião': [1451], 'Major-Walker': [1453], 'Morrill': [1455], 'B': [1456], 'F': [1459], 'Effects': [1462, 1761], 'Dutasteride,': [1464], 'Tamsulosin': [1465], 'Combination': [1467], 'Therapy': [1468, 1603], 'Benign': [1477], 'Prostatic': [1478, 1481], 'Hyperplasia': [1479], 'Enlargement:': [1482], '2-Year': [1483], 'CombAT': [1487], '179,': [1492, 1522], '(616-621),': [1495], '1-Feb-2008.Tindall': [1499], 'D': [1500], 'Rationale': [1506], 'Inhibiting': [1508], 'Isoenzymes': [1510], 'Prevention': [1513], 'Treatment': [1515, 1562], '(1235-1242),': [1525], '1-Apr-2008.Marks': [1529], 'Wolford': [1533], 'E': [1534], 'Peripheral': [1545], 'Transition': [1547, 1557], 'Zones': [1548], 'Value': [1554], 'Zone': [1558], 'Index': [1559], 'ResponseJournal': [1563], '177,': [1567, 1617, 1632, 1681], '(1408-1413),': [1570], '1-Apr-2007.Serfling': [1574], 'Shulman': [1576], 'Thompson': [1578], 'Xiao': [1580], 'Z,': [1581], 'Benaim': [1582], 'C': [1585, 1795, 1798, 1883, 1928], 'Quantifying': [1590], 'Impact': [1592], 'Volumes,': [1595], 'Number': [1596], 'Cores': [1599], 'Inhibitor': [1602], 'Probability': [1606], 'Detection': [1610], 'Using': [1611], 'Mathematical': [1612], 'ModelingJournal': [1613], '6,': [1619, 1683, 1954], '(2352-2356),': [1620], '1-Jun-2007.Gomella': [1624], 'L': [1625], 'Editorial': [1627, 1830], 'CommentJournal': [1628], '(1752-1752),': [1635], '1-May-2007.Vale': [1639], 'Re:': [1642], 'Expression': [1643], 'Major': [1645], 'Heat': [1646], 'Shock': [1647], 'Proteins': [1648], 'Correlation': [1652], 'Clinicopathological': [1654], 'Outcomes': [1655], 'Patients': [1657], 'Undergoing': [1658], 'Radical': [1659], 'ProstatectomyJournal': [1660], '178,': [1664, 1702, 1744, 1781], '(352-353),': [1667], '1-Jul-2007.Kibel': [1671], 'Optimizing': [1674], 'TechniquesJournal': [1677], '(1976-1977),': [1684], '1-Jun-2007.Thompson': [1688], '(2007)': [1690], 'Agents': [1695], 'Study': [1697], 'DesignsJournal': [1698], '3S,': [1704], '(S9-S13),': [1705], '1-Sep-2007.Nickel': [1709], 'O’Leary': [1713], 'Examination': [1723], 'Relationship': [1726], 'Between': [1727], 'Histological': [1732], 'Inflammation:': [1733], 'Baseline': [1734], 'Data': [1735], '(896-901),': [1747], '1-Sep-2007.Shao': [1751], 'Li': [1753], 'Ittmann': [1755], 'Cunningham': [1758], 'Growth': [1766], 'Large': [1769], 'Probasin-Large': [1770], 'Mouse': [1773], 'Model': [1774], '(1521-1527),': [1784], '1-Oct-2007.Marks': [1788], 'Fitzpatrick': [1792], 'Schulman': [1794], 'Interpretation': [1801], 'Serum': [1803], 'Receiving': [1809], 'Inhibitors:': [1811], 'Review': [1813], 'RecommendationsJournal': [1816], '176,': [1820, 1835], '(868-874),': [1823], '1-Sep-2006.Andriole': [1827], 'commentJournal': [1831], '(1050-1050),': [1838], '1-Sep-2006.': [1842], 'RE:': [1844, 1888], 'EFFECT': [1845, 1889], 'DUAL': [1848, 1892], '5α-REDUCTASE': [1849, 1893, 1933], 'INHIBITOR': [1850, 1894], 'ON': [1852, 1896, 1935], 'MARKERS': [1853, 1897], 'TUMOR': [1855, 1899], 'REGRESSION': [1856, 1900], 'CANCERJournal': [1859, 1903], '173,': [1863, 1907], '(1434-1435),': [1866], '1-Apr-2005.Andriole': [1870], 'Humphrey': [1872], 'Ray': [1874], 'Gleave': [1876], 'Trachtenberg': [1878], 'Lazier': [1882], '(1433-1434),': [1910], '1-Apr-2005.ANDRIOLE': [1914], 'CIVANTOS': [1918], 'EPSTEIN': [1920], 'LUCIA': [1922], 'McCONNELL': [1924], 'ROEHRBORN': [1927], 'EFFECTS': [1931], 'INHIBITORS': [1934], 'NATURAL': [1937], 'HISTORY,': [1938], 'DETECTION': [1939], 'GRADING': [1941], 'CANCER:': [1944], 'CURRENT': [1945], 'STATE': [1946], 'KNOWLEDGEJournal': [1948], '174,': [1952], '(2098-2104),': [1955], '1-Dec-2005.': [1959], 'Volume': [1960], '172Issue': [1961], 'Part': [1963], '1October': [1964], '2004Page:': [1965], '1314-1317': [1966], 'Advertisement': [1967, 2148], 'Copyright': [1968], '&': [1969], 'Permissions©': [1970], 'Inc.Keywordsprostatic': [1976], 'neoplasmsprostateMetricsAuthor': [1977], 'Information': [1978], 'Expand': [2146], 'PDF': [2149], 'downloadLoading': [2150], '...': [2151]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2066396162', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 21}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-17T15:53:51.340509', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}