Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2066384423', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199808000-00001', 'title': 'The Prospective Natural History of Cerebral Venous Malformations', 'display_name': 'The Prospective Natural History of Cerebral Venous Malformations', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-08-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2066384423', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199808000-00001', 'mag': '2066384423', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9696070'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199808000-00001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S111727011', 'display_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'issn_l': '0148-396X', 'issn': ['0148-396X', '1081-1281', '1524-4040'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199808000-00001', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5087087404', 'display_name': 'Mark R. McLaughlin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-5670'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210134769', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04ehecz88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210098814', 'https://openalex.org/I4210134769']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210157890', 'display_name': 'Neurological Surgery', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04r0gp612', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210157890']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mark R. McLaughlin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213-2582, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213-2582, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210134769', 'https://openalex.org/I4210157890']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076375446', 'display_name': 'Douglas Kondziolka', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I170201317', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01an3r305', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Douglas Kondziolka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040507938', 'display_name': 'John C. Flíckinger', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6900-1384'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I170201317', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01an3r305', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'John C. Flickinger', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111796873', 'display_name': 'Stephanie Lunsford', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I170201317', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01an3r305', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stephanie Lunsford', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059342172', 'display_name': 'L. Dade Lunsford', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I170201317', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01an3r305', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'L. Dade Lunsford', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Department of Neurological Surgery and the Center for Image Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.586, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 171, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.947425, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '43', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '195', 'last_page': '200'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11402', 'display_name': 'Vascular Malformations Diagnosis and Treatment', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11402', 'display_name': 'Vascular Malformations Diagnosis and Treatment', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10420', 'display_name': 'Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications', 'score': 0.9956, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11763', 'display_name': 'Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research', 'score': 0.9919, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cavernous-malformations', 'display_name': 'Cavernous malformations', 'score': 0.6370932}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/venous-malformation', 'display_name': 'Venous malformation', 'score': 0.57913494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bleed', 'display_name': 'Bleed', 'score': 0.5417723}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9718131}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780966972', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86', 'display_name': 'Headaches', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.638263}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779756704', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1737261', 'display_name': 'Cavernous malformations', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6370932}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188816634', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324', 'display_name': 'Prospective cohort study', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5855241}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776321279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121576', 'display_name': 'Venous malformation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57913494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777910003', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707292', 'display_name': 'Asymptomatic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54801404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776259030', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769508', 'display_name': 'Bleed', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5417723}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48356602}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187212893', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3716331}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143409427', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238', 'display_name': 'Magnetic resonance imaging', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.33746725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126838900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604', 'display_name': 'Radiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2253322}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002550', 'descriptor_name': 'Cerebral Veins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000002', 'qualifier_name': 'abnormalities', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002538', 'descriptor_name': 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008279', 'descriptor_name': 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009460', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurologic Examination', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000293', 'descriptor_name': 'Adolescent', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000369', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged, 80 and over', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001932', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001932', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001932', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001932', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002533', 'descriptor_name': 'Cerebral Angiography', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002543', 'descriptor_name': 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002543', 'descriptor_name': 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002543', 'descriptor_name': 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002543', 'descriptor_name': 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002550', 'descriptor_name': 'Cerebral Veins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002648', 'descriptor_name': 'Child', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002675', 'descriptor_name': 'Child, Preschool', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005500', 'descriptor_name': 'Follow-Up Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006392', 'descriptor_name': 'Hemangioma, Cavernous', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006392', 'descriptor_name': 'Hemangioma, Cavernous', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006392', 'descriptor_name': 'Hemangioma, Cavernous', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006392', 'descriptor_name': 'Hemangioma, Cavernous', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007223', 'descriptor_name': 'Infant', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002538', 'descriptor_name': 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002538', 'descriptor_name': 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002538', 'descriptor_name': 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011379', 'descriptor_name': 'Prognosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011446', 'descriptor_name': 'Prospective Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012306', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199808000-00001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S111727011', 'display_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'issn_l': '0148-396X', 'issn': ['0148-396X', '1081-1281', '1524-4040'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/pages/default.aspx', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9696070', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199808000-00001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S111727011', 'display_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'issn_l': '0148-396X', 'issn': ['0148-396X', '1081-1281', '1524-4040'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.76}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 53, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1248793035', 'https://openalex.org/W144918832', 'https://openalex.org/W145854065', 'https://openalex.org/W1964275339', 'https://openalex.org/W1965978248', 'https://openalex.org/W1966191063', 'https://openalex.org/W1968447456', 'https://openalex.org/W1970494998', 'https://openalex.org/W1971169253', 'https://openalex.org/W1973362407', 'https://openalex.org/W1974288118', 'https://openalex.org/W1993849428', 'https://openalex.org/W1995194557', 'https://openalex.org/W1997176382', 'https://openalex.org/W2011930331', 'https://openalex.org/W2012441180', 'https://openalex.org/W2013402504', 'https://openalex.org/W2022142062', 'https://openalex.org/W2030782138', 'https://openalex.org/W2033486896', 'https://openalex.org/W2034753910', 'https://openalex.org/W2050986592', 'https://openalex.org/W2065944162', 'https://openalex.org/W2067525078', 'https://openalex.org/W2072127131', 'https://openalex.org/W2074767937', 'https://openalex.org/W2076043896', 'https://openalex.org/W2077453902', 'https://openalex.org/W2077851711', 'https://openalex.org/W2079761891', 'https://openalex.org/W2081325000', 'https://openalex.org/W2092398515', 'https://openalex.org/W2098986683', 'https://openalex.org/W2103036286', 'https://openalex.org/W2128926072', 'https://openalex.org/W2150856185', 'https://openalex.org/W2157778238', 'https://openalex.org/W2165224252', 'https://openalex.org/W2166418685', 'https://openalex.org/W2167757504', 'https://openalex.org/W2168240160', 'https://openalex.org/W2169108198', 'https://openalex.org/W2184899272', 'https://openalex.org/W2399077826', 'https://openalex.org/W2408537051', 'https://openalex.org/W2411512626', 'https://openalex.org/W2411963083', 'https://openalex.org/W2414379191', 'https://openalex.org/W2432579127', 'https://openalex.org/W2437860025', 'https://openalex.org/W2463128779', 'https://openalex.org/W25883746', 'https://openalex.org/W4294659882'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4313469504', 'https://openalex.org/W4221007017', 'https://openalex.org/W3111378595', 'https://openalex.org/W2403082699', 'https://openalex.org/W2157863903', 'https://openalex.org/W2077453902', 'https://openalex.org/W2057161983', 'https://openalex.org/W2035256319', 'https://openalex.org/W2002574241', 'https://openalex.org/W1980665768'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'A': [0], '10-year': [1], 'prospective': [2, 171], 'clinical': [3, 62, 178], 'and': [4, 24, 111], 'magnetic': [5], 'resonance': [6], 'imaging': [7], 'study': [8, 51, 139], 'was': [9, 56, 64, 141], 'undertaken': [10], 'to': [11, 34, 43, 87, 90, 126, 129, 138, 238, 267, 303], 'determine': [12], 'the': [13, 21, 31, 44, 91, 130, 156, 159, 170, 210, 225, 239, 278, 297], 'natural': [14], 'history': [15], 'of': [16, 30, 46, 158, 163, 177, 204, 215, 224, 230, 277, 300], 'venous': [17, 28, 39, 160, 226, 234, 262, 304], 'malformations.': [18, 131], 'We': [19, 254], 'assessed': [20], 'hemorrhage': [22, 134, 154, 183, 228, 257], 'rate': [23, 135, 229], 'morbidity': [25, 301], 'associated': [26, 291], 'with': [27, 38, 79, 94, 97, 100, 104, 108, 113, 120, 233, 247, 261, 292], 'malformations': [29, 40, 92, 235, 249, 263], 'brain.From': [32], '1986': [33], '1996,': [35], '80': [36], 'patients': [37, 67, 77, 118, 149, 181, 206, 246], 'were': [41, 85, 123], 'referred': [42], 'University': [45], 'Pittsburgh': [47], 'multidisciplinary': [48], 'vascular': [49], 'malformation': [50, 305], 'group': [52], 'for': [53, 58, 245, 281], 'evaluation.': [54], 'Observation': [55], 'recommended': [57], 'all': [59], 'patients.': [60], 'Follow-up': [61], 'information': [63], 'obtained': [65], 'from': [66], 'or': [68, 74, 82], 'their': [69], 'referring': [70], 'physicians': [71], 'through': [72], 'questionnaire': [73], 'phone': [75], 'conversation.Twenty-two': [76], 'presented': [78, 119, 241], 'neurological': [80, 283], 'signs': [81], 'symptoms': [83], 'that': [84, 122, 256], 'thought': [86], 'be': [88, 127, 265], 'related': [89, 128, 266, 302], '(nine': [93], 'headaches,': [95], 'four': [96], 'seizures,': [98], 'three': [99, 103], 'sensory': [101], 'symptoms,': [102], 'motor': [105], 'deficits,': [106], 'two': [107, 162, 180], 'trigeminal': [109], 'neuralgia,': [110], 'one': [112, 189], 'an': [114, 268], 'extrapyramidal': [115], 'disorder).': [116], 'Twenty-three': [117], 'headaches': [121], 'not': [124, 200, 271], 'considered': [125], 'The': [132, 289], 'retrospective': [133], '(from': [136], 'birth': [137], 'entry)': [140], '0.61%': [142], '(18': [143], 'bleeds': [144], 'in': [145, 155, 242, 258], '2,949': [146], 'patient-years).': [147], 'Sixteen': [148], 'had': [150, 165, 190, 199], 'sustained': [151], 'previous': [152, 243, 251], 'brain': [153], 'region': [157], 'malformations,': [161], 'whom': [164], 'suffered': [166, 182], 'subsequent': [167], 'hemorrhage.': [168, 253, 306], 'During': [169], 'follow-up': [172], 'period': [173], 'totaling': [174], '298': [175], 'patient-years': [176], 'observation,': [179], '(0.68%': [184], 'per': [185, 195], 'year),': [186], 'but': [187, 270], 'only': [188], 'a': [191, 222, 231, 259], 'symptomatic': [192, 252], 'bleed': [193], '(0.34%': [194], 'year).': [196], 'This': [197], 'patient': [198, 219, 232, 260], 'hemorrhaged': [201], 'previously.': [202], 'One': [203], 'these': [205], 'remained': [207], 'asymptomatic,': [208], 'whereas': [209], 'second': [211], 'developed': [212], 'temporary': [213], 'worsening': [214], 'facial': [216], 'paresthesias.': [217], 'No': [218], 'died': [220], 'as': [221], 'result': [223], 'malformations.The': [227], 'is': [236], 'similar': [237], 'rates': [240], 'reports': [244], 'cavernous': [248, 274], 'without': [250], 'think': [255], 'may': [264], 'underlying': [269], 'yet': [272], 'documented': [273], 'malformation.': [275], 'Because': [276], 'low': [279, 298], 'risk': [280, 299], 'new': [282], 'events,': [284], 'we': [285], 'advocate': [286], 'conservative': [287], 'management.': [288], 'risks': [290], 'surgical': [293], 'intervention': [294], 'greatly': [295], 'exceed': [296]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2066384423', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 11}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-09T21:48:43.308105', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}