Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2063875063', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.890090205', 'title': 'Chronic cocaine administration and withdrawal of cocaine modify neurotensin binding in rat brain', 'display_name': 'Chronic cocaine administration and withdrawal of cocaine modify neurotensin binding in rat brain', 'publication_year': 1991, 'publication_date': '1991-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2063875063', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.890090205', 'mag': '2063875063', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1821482'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.890090205', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S158211696', 'display_name': 'Synapse', 'issn_l': '0887-4476', 'issn': ['0887-4476', '1098-2396'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020384900', 'display_name': 'Nancy S. Pilotte', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482', 'display_name': 'National Institute on Drug Abuse', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00fq5cm18', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nancy S. Pilotte', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108418379', 'display_name': 'W. M. Mitchell', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482', 'display_name': 'National Institute on Drug Abuse', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00fq5cm18', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'W. Mark Mitchell', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110076799', 'display_name': 'Lawrence G. Sharpe', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482', 'display_name': 'National Institute on Drug Abuse', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00fq5cm18', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lawrence G. Sharpe', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111860131', 'display_name': 'Errol B. De Souza', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482', 'display_name': 'National Institute on Drug Abuse', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00fq5cm18', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Errol B. De Souza', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110057831', 'display_name': 'Elizabeth M. Dax', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482', 'display_name': 'National Institute on Drug Abuse', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00fq5cm18', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Elizabeth M. Dax', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Addiction Research Center National institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3240, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3240, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.382, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 23, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.505367, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 86, 'max': 87}, 'biblio': {'volume': '9', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '111', 'last_page': '120'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10814', 'display_name': 'Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10814', 'display_name': 'Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11178', 'display_name': 'Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10960', 'display_name': 'Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2743', 'display_name': 'Reproductive Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/self-administration', 'display_name': 'Self-administration', 'score': 0.45082542}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780948874', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640562', 'display_name': 'Ventral tegmental area', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.80850714}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776552330', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476178', 'display_name': 'Nucleus accumbens', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7865084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778976297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419576', 'display_name': 'Neurotensin', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5804192}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C513476851', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304', 'display_name': 'Dopamine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5073485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777397205', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792', 'display_name': 'Saline', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45855066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778555786', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7448011', 'display_name': 'Self-administration', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45082542}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4313079}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4125942}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39286697}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.33152902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.27696317}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2603423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C137183658', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076', 'display_name': 'Dopaminergic', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.23788649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118303440', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419968', 'display_name': 'Neuropeptide', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.20342118}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003042', 'descriptor_name': 'Cocaine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009496', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurotensin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013375', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001665', 'descriptor_name': 'Binding Sites', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003042', 'descriptor_name': 'Cocaine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009496', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurotensin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011917', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats, Inbred Lew', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013375', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013997', 'descriptor_name': 'Time Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014018', 'descriptor_name': 'Tissue Distribution', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.890090205', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S158211696', 'display_name': 'Synapse', 'issn_l': '0887-4476', 'issn': ['0887-4476', '1098-2396'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1821482', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.86}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 42, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1580857376', 'https://openalex.org/W1972948684', 'https://openalex.org/W1974042362', 'https://openalex.org/W1975961987', 'https://openalex.org/W1976116089', 'https://openalex.org/W1981967396', 'https://openalex.org/W1982522522', 'https://openalex.org/W1984305269', 'https://openalex.org/W1986731927', 'https://openalex.org/W1988226656', 'https://openalex.org/W1989868997', 'https://openalex.org/W1990218919', 'https://openalex.org/W1995194650', 'https://openalex.org/W2002724145', 'https://openalex.org/W2007941990', 'https://openalex.org/W2015268510', 'https://openalex.org/W2020708487', 'https://openalex.org/W2030078771', 'https://openalex.org/W2030181352', 'https://openalex.org/W2033641268', 'https://openalex.org/W2036426490', 'https://openalex.org/W2040113151', 'https://openalex.org/W2044449613', 'https://openalex.org/W2044551175', 'https://openalex.org/W2049137328', 'https://openalex.org/W2052731555', 'https://openalex.org/W2052924733', 'https://openalex.org/W2057344593', 'https://openalex.org/W2061629598', 'https://openalex.org/W2067076657', 'https://openalex.org/W2068031892', 'https://openalex.org/W2072740414', 'https://openalex.org/W2076254970', 'https://openalex.org/W2077153133', 'https://openalex.org/W2091129282', 'https://openalex.org/W2093466026', 'https://openalex.org/W2095056388', 'https://openalex.org/W2146835230', 'https://openalex.org/W2154254956', 'https://openalex.org/W2286631096', 'https://openalex.org/W249845531', 'https://openalex.org/W59992477'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4321769814', 'https://openalex.org/W2597115996', 'https://openalex.org/W2171654167', 'https://openalex.org/W2067076657', 'https://openalex.org/W2044358295', 'https://openalex.org/W2042583609', 'https://openalex.org/W2041092224', 'https://openalex.org/W2023778146', 'https://openalex.org/W2011335672', 'https://openalex.org/W1971253452'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Neurotensin': [1], '(NT)': [2], 'is': [3], 'a': [4, 241, 274], 'peptide': [5], 'colocalized': [6], 'with': [7, 25], 'dopamine': [8], '(DA)': [9], 'within': [10, 35, 69], 'some': [11], 'mesocorticolimbic': [12, 106], 'DA': [13, 231], 'neurons': [14], 'that': [15, 225, 276], 'are': [16], 'affected': [17, 93], 'by': [18, 188], 'cocaine.': [19, 221], 'We': [20], 'assessed': [21], 'whether': [22], 'chronic': [23], 'treatment': [24, 75, 251], 'cocaine': [26, 30, 52, 174, 189, 250], 'and': [27, 37, 65, 164, 206, 252, 267], 'withdrawal': [28, 172, 219, 254], 'from': [29, 101, 220], 'would': [31], 'alter': [32], 'NT': [33, 89, 94, 108, 150, 180, 196, 238], 'binding': [34, 95, 109, 151, 181, 197, 211], 'these': [36], 'other': [38, 102], 'areas': [39, 157, 228], 'in': [40, 96, 110, 124, 138, 154, 176, 182, 198, 226, 230, 244], 'the': [41, 73, 97, 105, 111, 116, 145, 155, 159, 177, 183, 202, 207, 236, 245, 258, 264, 281], 'brain.': [42], 'Rats': [43], 'were': [44, 67, 86], 'given': [45, 140], 'infusions': [46], 'repeatedly': [47], 'of': [48, 72, 115, 158, 173, 247, 283], 'isotonic': [49], 'saline': [50, 178], 'or': [51, 78, 80, 130, 190], '(1': [53], 'mg/kg': [54], 'i.v.': [55], 'every': [56], '12': [57], 'min': [58, 71], 'for': [59, 88], '2': [60], 'hr': [61], 'over': [62], '10': [63, 81, 131, 169, 216], 'days)': [64], 'then': [66], 'killed': [68, 127], '15': [70], 'last': [74], 'session': [76], '(“cocaine”': [77], '“saline”)': [79], 'days': [82, 132, 170, 217], 'later': [83], '(“withdrawal”).': [84], 'Brains': [85], 'processed': [87], 'receptor': [90], 'autoradiography.': [91], 'Cocaine': [92, 193], 'mesocortical': [98], 'regions': [99], 'differently': [100], 'areas.': [103], 'Within': [104], 'system,': [107], 'parabrachial': [112], 'pigmented': [113], 'nucleus': [114, 184], 'ventral': [117], 'tegmental': [118], 'area': [119, 205], '(VTA)': [120], 'was': [121, 186], '67%': [122], 'lower': [123], 'cocaine‐treated': [125], 'rats': [126, 139], 'immediately': [128], 'after': [129, 133, 171, 218], 'their': [134], 'final': [135], 'infusion': [136], 'than': [137, 175], 'saline.': [141], 'In': [142], 'contrast': [143], 'to': [144, 256, 280], 'perikaryal': [146], 'region,': [147], 'significantly': [148], 'more': [149], 'occurred': [152], 'postsynaptically': [153], 'terminal': [156], 'VTA': [160], '(prefrontal': [161], 'cortex': [162], '[PFC]': [163], 'substantia': [165], 'nigra,': [166], 'pars': [167], 'compacta)': [168], 'controls.': [179], 'accumbens': [185], 'unaffected': [187], 'its': [191, 253], 'withdrawal.': [192], 'also': [194], 'decreased': [195], 'non‐mesocorticolimbic': [199], 'areas,': [200], 'including': [201], 'dorsal': [203], 'hypothalamic': [204], 'zona': [208], 'incerta,': [209], 'but': [210], 'returned': [212], 'toward': [213], 'control': [214], 'levels': [215], 'These': [222], 'data': [223], 'suggest': [224], 'central': [227], 'poor': [229], 'uptake': [232], 'sites': [233], 'such': [234], 'as': [235], 'PFC,': [237], 'may': [239, 270, 277], 'be': [240, 278], 'critical': [242], 'element': [243], 'inactivation': [246], 'DA.': [248], 'Chronic': [249], 'appear': [255], 'uncouple': [257], 'normal': [259], 'NT‐DA': [260], 'interaction': [261], 'at': [262], 'both': [263], 'cell': [265], 'bodies': [266], 'terminals.': [268], 'This': [269], 'increase': [271], 'dopaminergic': [272], 'neurotransmission,': [273], 'process': [275], 'important': [279], 'development': [282], 'behavioral': [284], 'sensitization.': [285]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2063875063', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-08T09:55:21.693656', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}