Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2061347168', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.20.2.470', 'title': 'Mechanisms underlying reduction in Stroop interference with practice for young and old adults.', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms underlying reduction in Stroop interference with practice for young and old adults.', 'publication_year': 1994, 'publication_date': '1994-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2061347168', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.20.2.470', 'mag': '2061347168', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8151280'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.20.2.470', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S18666220', 'display_name': 'Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition', 'issn_l': '0278-7393', 'issn': ['0278-7393', '1939-1285'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320262', 'host_organization_name': 'American Psychological Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320262'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Psychological Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5081386763', 'display_name': 'Cynthia L. Dulaney', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9855-5404'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I94658018', 'display_name': 'University of Memphis', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cq23130', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I94658018']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Cynthia L. Dulaney', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Psychology, Memphis State University, Tennessee 38152.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Psychology, Memphis State University, Tennessee 38152.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I94658018']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101503529', 'display_name': 'Wendy A. Rogers', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0787-2130'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I94658018', 'display_name': 'University of Memphis', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cq23130', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I94658018']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Wendy A. Rogers', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Memphis#TAB#'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Memphis#TAB#', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I94658018']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.867, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 141, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.958481, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '20', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '470', 'last_page': '484'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10042', 'display_name': 'Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10042', 'display_name': 'Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11079', 'display_name': 'Creativity in Education and Neuroscience', 'score': 0.9893, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3205', 'display_name': 'Experimental and Cognitive Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13219', 'display_name': 'Mind wandering and attention', 'score': 0.9763, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/stroop-effect', 'display_name': 'Stroop effect', 'score': 0.98421603}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162967406', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384176', 'display_name': 'Stroop effect', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.98421603}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7768606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780451532', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676', 'display_name': 'Task (project management)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62774485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138496976', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002', 'display_name': 'Developmental psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5666287}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205545832', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455', 'display_name': 'Young adult', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52525395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C554936623', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657', 'display_name': 'Reading (process)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5172199}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180747234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373', 'display_name': 'Cognitive psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5081141}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548259974', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965', 'display_name': 'Audiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.49898887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169900460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417', 'display_name': 'Cognition', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49405935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32022120', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225', 'display_name': 'Interference (communication)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4484192}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16608098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12240893}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127162648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953', 'display_name': 'Channel (broadcasting)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187736073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921', 'display_name': 'Management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119599485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035', 'display_name': 'Electrical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000375', 'descriptor_name': 'Aging', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000523', 'qualifier_name': 'psychology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001288', 'descriptor_name': 'Attention', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003118', 'descriptor_name': 'Color Perception', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004193', 'descriptor_name': 'Discrimination Learning', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011214', 'descriptor_name': 'Practice, Psychological', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012660', 'descriptor_name': 'Semantics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000293', 'descriptor_name': 'Adolescent', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000375', 'descriptor_name': 'Aging', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011939', 'descriptor_name': 'Mental Recall', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011930', 'descriptor_name': 'Reaction Time', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011932', 'descriptor_name': 'Reading', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.20.2.470', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S18666220', 'display_name': 'Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition', 'issn_l': '0278-7393', 'issn': ['0278-7393', '1939-1285'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320262', 'host_organization_name': 'American Psychological Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320262'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Psychological Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8151280', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.81, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'display_name': 'Quality education'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 3, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1911640279', 'https://openalex.org/W1981421855', 'https://openalex.org/W2501181780'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4241390462', 'https://openalex.org/W3205260276', 'https://openalex.org/W2412548067', 'https://openalex.org/W2368315872', 'https://openalex.org/W2091287875', 'https://openalex.org/W2061347168', 'https://openalex.org/W2057396539', 'https://openalex.org/W2053629062', 'https://openalex.org/W1970555053', 'https://openalex.org/W1502020353'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Age-related': [0], 'factors': [1, 55], 'in': [2, 12, 47, 68, 89, 112], 'the': [3, 27, 36, 57, 125], 'reduction': [4, 46, 67], 'of': [5, 26, 59, 101, 107], 'Stroop': [6, 28, 37, 48, 69, 108], 'interference': [7, 34, 49, 70, 109], 'with': [8, 39], 'practice': [9, 21], 'were': [10], 'examined': [11], '3': [13], 'studies.': [14], 'Young': [15], 'and': [16, 94], 'old': [17, 65, 81], 'adults': [18, 82, 88], 'received': [19], 'extensive': [20], 'on': [22, 35], 'a': [23, 60], 'modified': [24], 'version': [25], 'task.': [29], 'Both': [30], 'groups': [31], 'showed': [32], 'reduced': [33], 'task': [38, 54, 76], 'practice.': [40], 'Results': [41, 78], 'suggest': [42], 'that': [43, 80], 'young': [44, 87], "adults'": [45, 66], 'was': [50, 71], 'due': [51], 'to': [52, 74, 114, 122], 'general': [53, 75], 'plus': [56], 'development': [58], 'reading': [61], 'suppression': [62], 'response.': [63], 'The': [64, 99], 'attributed': [72], 'primarily': [73], 'factors.': [77], 'indicate': [79], 'have': [83], 'greater': [84], 'difficulty': [85], 'than': [86], 'developing': [90], 'new': [91], 'automatic': [92, 97, 115], 'processes': [93], 'modifying': [95], 'existing': [96], 'processes.': [98], 'implication': [100], 'these': [102], 'findings': [103], 'for': [104, 124], 'current': [105], 'models': [106], 'is': [110], 'that,': [111], 'addition': [113], 'processing,': [116], 'attentional': [117], 'mechanisms': [118], 'must': [119], 'be': [120], 'incorporated': [121], 'account': [123], 'age-related': [126], 'differences.': [127]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2061347168', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-31T13:25:46.088676', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}