Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2057473201', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12121', 'title': 'Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: pathogenesis and clinical management', 'display_name': 'Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: pathogenesis and clinical management', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-05-09', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2057473201', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12121', 'mag': '2057473201', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23656576', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4284073'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12121', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S144270092', 'display_name': 'Oral Diseases', 'issn_l': '1354-523X', 'issn': ['1354-523X', '1601-0825'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4284073?pdf=render', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5063311027', 'display_name': 'Christopher Grunseich', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4994-2472'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'display_name': 'National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s5ya894', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C Grunseich', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5102003258', 'display_name': 'Carlo Rinaldi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-6638'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'display_name': 'National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s5ya894', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C Rinaldi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076822412', 'display_name': 'K. H. Fischbeck', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'display_name': 'National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s5ya894', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'KH Fischbeck', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4840, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4840, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.698, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 48, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.49857, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '20', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '6', 'last_page': '9'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10949', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10949', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10441', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Regeneration and Atrophy', 'score': 0.9669, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10085', 'display_name': "Pathophysiology of Parkinson's Disease", 'score': 0.9483, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fasciculation', 'display_name': 'Fasciculation', 'score': 0.8417813}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-contracture', 'display_name': 'Muscle contracture', 'score': 0.59238386}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-muscle-atrophy', 'display_name': 'Skeletal Muscle Atrophy', 'score': 0.571182}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/progressive-muscular-atrophy', 'display_name': 'Progressive muscular atrophy', 'score': 0.53062725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-weakness', 'display_name': 'Muscle weakness', 'score': 0.41905048}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780434838', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995327', 'display_name': 'Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.97463024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778970341', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397878', 'display_name': 'Fasciculation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8417813}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7451036}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781172350', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194520', 'display_name': 'Atrophy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.69750226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776805190', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187030', 'display_name': 'Denervation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.65736663}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776752467', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133903', 'display_name': 'Motor neuron', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.59913087}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127607297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11602751', 'display_name': 'Muscle contracture', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59238386}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780596555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206901', 'display_name': 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.58763254}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778558090', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580290', 'display_name': 'Spinal muscular atrophy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.57861674}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776728740', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2279175', 'display_name': 'Progressive muscular atrophy', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.53062725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43795496}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61367390', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416601', 'display_name': 'Androgen receptor', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.43092808}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780247198', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633403', 'display_name': 'Weakness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42991057}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776418732', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270421', 'display_name': 'Muscle weakness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41905048}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.37790918}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.30171758}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.29368216}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780192828', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257', 'display_name': 'Prostate cancer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.10722569}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.096681595}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D020966', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscular Disorders, Atrophic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020966', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscular Disorders, Atrophic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020966', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscular Disorders, Atrophic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020966', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscular Disorders, Atrophic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12121', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S144270092', 'display_name': 'Oral Diseases', 'issn_l': '1354-523X', 'issn': ['1354-523X', '1601-0825'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4284073', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4284073?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284073', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23656576', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4284073', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4284073?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.79, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 36, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1527609591', 'https://openalex.org/W1966489527', 'https://openalex.org/W1974477415', 'https://openalex.org/W1985902870', 'https://openalex.org/W2003223441', 'https://openalex.org/W2003966010', 'https://openalex.org/W2006101507', 'https://openalex.org/W2007702336', 'https://openalex.org/W2013452556', 'https://openalex.org/W2013820019', 'https://openalex.org/W2022527711', 'https://openalex.org/W2027592122', 'https://openalex.org/W2044918821', 'https://openalex.org/W2057382193', 'https://openalex.org/W2062394428', 'https://openalex.org/W2078618741', 'https://openalex.org/W2086027430', 'https://openalex.org/W2087167086', 'https://openalex.org/W2088489316', 'https://openalex.org/W2096949620', 'https://openalex.org/W2097753381', 'https://openalex.org/W2106200048', 'https://openalex.org/W2108834942', 'https://openalex.org/W2110382422', 'https://openalex.org/W2113333419', 'https://openalex.org/W2113998330', 'https://openalex.org/W2120385086', 'https://openalex.org/W2133563625', 'https://openalex.org/W2136364567', 'https://openalex.org/W2155478811', 'https://openalex.org/W2156922160', 'https://openalex.org/W2159317313', 'https://openalex.org/W2159639995', 'https://openalex.org/W2165856040', 'https://openalex.org/W2170995374', 'https://openalex.org/W4242614327'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4389230682', 'https://openalex.org/W3033303488', 'https://openalex.org/W3006608421', 'https://openalex.org/W2996632819', 'https://openalex.org/W2995135652', 'https://openalex.org/W2492862425', 'https://openalex.org/W2406675006', 'https://openalex.org/W2072673427', 'https://openalex.org/W2047785183', 'https://openalex.org/W1959139402'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Spinal': [0], 'and': [1, 30, 35, 49, 61, 78, 83], 'bulbar': [2, 36, 84], 'muscular': [3, 85], 'atrophy,': [4, 60], 'or': [5], "Kennedy's": [6], 'disease,': [7], 'is': [8, 25, 65, 76, 91], 'an': [9], 'X‐linked': [10], 'motor': [11], 'neuron': [12], 'disease': [13, 24, 75], 'caused': [14], 'by': [15, 27], 'polyglutamine': [16], 'repeat': [17], 'expansion': [18], 'in': [19, 32], 'the': [20, 33, 74, 79], 'androgen': [21, 44], 'receptor.': [22], 'The': [23], 'characterised': [26], 'weakness,': [28], 'atrophy': [29, 86], 'fasciculations': [31], 'limb': [34], 'muscles.': [37], 'Affected': [38], 'males': [39], 'may': [40], 'have': [41], 'signs': [42], 'of': [43, 73, 81], 'insensitivity,': [45], 'such': [46], 'as': [47], 'gynaecomastia': [48], 'reduced': [50], 'fertility.': [51], 'Neurophysiological': [52], 'studies': [53], 'are': [54], 'typically': [55], 'consistent': [56], 'with': [57], 'diffuse': [58], 'denervation': [59], 'serum': [62], 'creatine': [63], 'kinase': [64], 'usually': [66], 'elevated': [67], '2–5': [68], 'times': [69], 'above': [70], 'normal.': [71], 'Progression': [72], 'slow,': [77], 'focus': [80], 'spinal': [82], '(': [87], 'SBMA': [88], ')': [89], 'management': [90], 'to': [92], 'prevent': [93], 'complications.': [94]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2057473201', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-09T14:56:10.730465', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}