Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2052719689', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/248948', 'title': 'Ghrelin in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome', 'display_name': 'Ghrelin in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-04-27', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2052719689', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/248948', 'mag': '2052719689', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20700400', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2911592'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/248948', 'pdf_url': 'https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/248948.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S184467920', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Peptides', 'issn_l': '1687-9767', 'issn': ['1687-9767', '1687-9775'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319869', 'host_organization_name': 'Hindawi Publishing Corporation', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319869'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Hindawi Publishing Corporation'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/248948.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103398091', 'display_name': 'Leena Pulkkinen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I175532246', 'display_name': 'University of Eastern Finland', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cyydd11', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I175532246']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Leena Pulkkinen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Clinical Nutrition, Food and Health Research Centre, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Campus P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Clinical Nutrition, Food and Health Research Centre, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Campus P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I175532246']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039191725', 'display_name': 'Olavi Ukkola', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7414-2608'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799272722', 'display_name': 'Oulu University Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/045ney286', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799272722']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98381234', 'display_name': 'University of Oulu', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yj89h83', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98381234']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Olavi Ukkola', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, 90014 University of Oulu and Research Center of Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, 90014 University of Oulu and Research Center of Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2799272722', 'https://openalex.org/I98381234']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037045239', 'display_name': 'Marjukka Kolehmainen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3770-2538'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I175532246', 'display_name': 'University of Eastern Finland', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cyydd11', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I175532246']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Marjukka Kolehmainen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Clinical Nutrition, Food and Health Research Centre, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Campus P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Clinical Nutrition, Food and Health Research Centre, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Campus P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I175532246']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049065024', 'display_name': 'Matti Uusitupa', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6052-2001'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I175532246', 'display_name': 'University of Eastern Finland', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cyydd11', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I175532246']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Matti Uusitupa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Clinical Nutrition, Food and Health Research Centre, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Campus P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Clinical Nutrition, Food and Health Research Centre, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Campus P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I175532246']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.05, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 79, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999503, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '2010', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '11'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10489', 'display_name': 'Regulation of Appetite and Obesity', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2807', 'display_name': 'Endocrine and Autonomic Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10489', 'display_name': 'Regulation of Appetite and Obesity', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2807', 'display_name': 'Endocrine and Autonomic Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11457', 'display_name': 'Adipose Tissue and Metabolism', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11584', 'display_name': 'Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques', 'score': 0.9892, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2916', 'display_name': 'Nutrition and Dietetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/29', 'display_name': 'Nursing'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779357093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422269', 'display_name': 'Ghrelin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.883149}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C511355011', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174', 'display_name': 'Obesity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7983875}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780578515', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657193', 'display_name': 'Metabolic syndrome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7855376}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777180221', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883', 'display_name': 'Type 2 diabetes', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.73424816}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.70625675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555293320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206', 'display_name': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6346954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6106351}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60644358', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570', 'display_name': 'Bioinformatics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5351229}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5271418}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C75908981', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28578', 'display_name': 'Appetite', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52330095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5006652}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.22152102}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71315377', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364', 'display_name': 'Hormone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.09396431}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/248948', 'pdf_url': 'https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/248948.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S184467920', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Peptides', 'issn_l': '1687-9767', 'issn': ['1687-9767', '1687-9775'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319869', 'host_organization_name': 'Hindawi Publishing Corporation', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319869'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Hindawi Publishing Corporation'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2911592', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2911592?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2911592', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20700400', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/248948', 'pdf_url': 'https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/248948.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S184467920', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Peptides', 'issn_l': '1687-9767', 'issn': ['1687-9767', '1687-9775'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319869', 'host_organization_name': 'Hindawi Publishing Corporation', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319869'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Hindawi Publishing Corporation'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.83, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 138, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1503238830', 'https://openalex.org/W1584304998', 'https://openalex.org/W1608404232', 'https://openalex.org/W1616806865', 'https://openalex.org/W1637971961', 'https://openalex.org/W1868063534', 'https://openalex.org/W1926307774', 'https://openalex.org/W1964753360', 'https://openalex.org/W1964930924', 'https://openalex.org/W1965877190', 'https://openalex.org/W1966232818', 'https://openalex.org/W1966319809', 'https://openalex.org/W1967349900', 'https://openalex.org/W1969062482', 'https://openalex.org/W1970285776', 'https://openalex.org/W1972471329', 'https://openalex.org/W1974050791', 'https://openalex.org/W1975810881', 'https://openalex.org/W1976400469', 'https://openalex.org/W1985328809', 'https://openalex.org/W1989130418', 'https://openalex.org/W1990960682', 'https://openalex.org/W1993103866', 'https://openalex.org/W1998292955', 'https://openalex.org/W2001044066', 'https://openalex.org/W2001161494', 'https://openalex.org/W2002477567', 'https://openalex.org/W2004396240', 'https://openalex.org/W2005259683', 'https://openalex.org/W2006073645', 'https://openalex.org/W2006243205', 'https://openalex.org/W2006920408', 'https://openalex.org/W2007982074', 'https://openalex.org/W2011317531', 'https://openalex.org/W2012455440', 'https://openalex.org/W2012681547', 'https://openalex.org/W2014416979', 'https://openalex.org/W2018127398', 'https://openalex.org/W2019704674', 'https://openalex.org/W2021251627', 'https://openalex.org/W2021932374', 'https://openalex.org/W2023127403', 'https://openalex.org/W2027108665', 'https://openalex.org/W2032225465', 'https://openalex.org/W2033380073', 'https://openalex.org/W2033468788', 'https://openalex.org/W2033984419', 'https://openalex.org/W2034459587', 'https://openalex.org/W2034476335', 'https://openalex.org/W2039033342', 'https://openalex.org/W2039568633', 'https://openalex.org/W2041426844', 'https://openalex.org/W2048194663', 'https://openalex.org/W2050121881', 'https://openalex.org/W2050197669', 'https://openalex.org/W2051197176', 'https://openalex.org/W2051334171', 'https://openalex.org/W2052288867', 'https://openalex.org/W2053087267', 'https://openalex.org/W2056556099', 'https://openalex.org/W2056592481', 'https://openalex.org/W2060936747', 'https://openalex.org/W2066247992', 'https://openalex.org/W2069363574', 'https://openalex.org/W2071360687', 'https://openalex.org/W2072911841', 'https://openalex.org/W2073118840', 'https://openalex.org/W2074638691', 'https://openalex.org/W2077982572', 'https://openalex.org/W2079529427', 'https://openalex.org/W2081465427', 'https://openalex.org/W2083532784', 'https://openalex.org/W2083874226', 'https://openalex.org/W2085218910', 'https://openalex.org/W2087004809', 'https://openalex.org/W2087191479', 'https://openalex.org/W2088550841', 'https://openalex.org/W2088965333', 'https://openalex.org/W2089315697', 'https://openalex.org/W2089800528', 'https://openalex.org/W2090183863', 'https://openalex.org/W2092254882', 'https://openalex.org/W2094853627', 'https://openalex.org/W2094896667', 'https://openalex.org/W2095606723', 'https://openalex.org/W2096126402', 'https://openalex.org/W2096690310', 'https://openalex.org/W2097252141', 'https://openalex.org/W2097637018', 'https://openalex.org/W2105573142', 'https://openalex.org/W2105840050', 'https://openalex.org/W2107620313', 'https://openalex.org/W2108112484', 'https://openalex.org/W2112947586', 'https://openalex.org/W2115345649', 'https://openalex.org/W2119580431', 'https://openalex.org/W2123624074', 'https://openalex.org/W2123811650', 'https://openalex.org/W2124549557', 'https://openalex.org/W2129482481', 'https://openalex.org/W2131380293', 'https://openalex.org/W2132676982', 'https://openalex.org/W2139619254', 'https://openalex.org/W2145904796', 'https://openalex.org/W2147092878', 'https://openalex.org/W2150174495', 'https://openalex.org/W2151472458', 'https://openalex.org/W2151773967', 'https://openalex.org/W2153745306', 'https://openalex.org/W2155478471', 'https://openalex.org/W2156386130', 'https://openalex.org/W2158823127', 'https://openalex.org/W2158864582', 'https://openalex.org/W2159829835', 'https://openalex.org/W2161724165', 'https://openalex.org/W2162102234', 'https://openalex.org/W2162607961', 'https://openalex.org/W2162864266', 'https://openalex.org/W2163865122', 'https://openalex.org/W2165265796', 'https://openalex.org/W2165368934', 'https://openalex.org/W2166209517', 'https://openalex.org/W2166338466', 'https://openalex.org/W2168618503', 'https://openalex.org/W2170598916', 'https://openalex.org/W2182150538', 'https://openalex.org/W2441371598', 'https://openalex.org/W3141782761', 'https://openalex.org/W4231474501', 'https://openalex.org/W4232830553', 'https://openalex.org/W4235460794', 'https://openalex.org/W4236137089', 'https://openalex.org/W4236660934', 'https://openalex.org/W4236926119', 'https://openalex.org/W4238628454', 'https://openalex.org/W4243712281', 'https://openalex.org/W4245671382', 'https://openalex.org/W4249391924'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W944804874', 'https://openalex.org/W4253127187', 'https://openalex.org/W3144781926', 'https://openalex.org/W3143542628', 'https://openalex.org/W3143297607', 'https://openalex.org/W3030512811', 'https://openalex.org/W2069302715', 'https://openalex.org/W2064730183', 'https://openalex.org/W2054299066', 'https://openalex.org/W1996598828'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Metabolic': [0], 'syndrome': [1, 38, 104], 'is': [2, 27, 44, 58, 73], 'a': [3, 22, 45], 'cluster': [4], 'of': [5, 29, 36, 60, 75], 'related': [6], 'risk': [7, 32], 'factors': [8, 33], 'for': [9, 34, 79], 'cardiovascular': [10], 'disease,': [11, 47], 'type': [12, 40, 106], '2': [13, 41, 107], 'diabetes': [14, 108], 'and': [15, 39, 54, 67, 71, 81, 90, 101], 'liver': [16], 'disease.': [17], 'Obesity,': [18], 'which': [19, 64], 'has': [20], 'become': [21], 'global': [23], 'public': [24], 'health': [25], 'problem,': [26], 'one': [28, 59, 74], 'the': [30, 50, 61, 76, 84, 98], 'major': [31], 'development': [35], 'metabolic': [37, 103], 'diabetes.': [42], 'Obesity': [43], 'complex': [46], 'caused': [48], 'by': [49], 'interplay': [51], 'between': [52, 97], 'environmental': [53], 'genetic': [55, 91], 'factors.': [56], 'Ghrelin': [57], 'circulating': [62], 'peptides,': [63], 'stimulates': [65], 'appetite': [66], 'regulates': [68], 'energy': [69], 'balance,': [70], 'thus': [72], 'candidate': [77], 'genes': [78], 'obesity': [80], 'T2DM.': [82], 'During': [83], 'last': [85], 'years': [86], 'both': [87], 'basic': [88], 'research': [89], 'association': [92, 96], 'studies': [93], 'have': [94], 'revealed': [95], 'ghrelin': [99], 'gene': [100], 'obesity,': [102], 'or': [105]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2052719689', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 9}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-07T23:42:06.547016', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}