Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2052151802', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2003.12.005', 'title': 'Pathophysiology of hepatitis C virus infection and related liver disease', 'display_name': 'Pathophysiology of hepatitis C virus infection and related liver disease', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-01-07', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2052151802', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2003.12.005', 'mag': '2052151802', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15036326'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2003.12.005', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S587692', 'display_name': 'Trends in Microbiology', 'issn_l': '0966-842X', 'issn': ['0966-842X', '1878-4380'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051956323', 'display_name': 'Jean‐Michel Pawlotsky', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-7559'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I197681013', 'display_name': 'Université Paris-Est Créteil', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ggc9x40', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I197681013']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204730241', 'display_name': 'Université Paris Cité', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05f82e368', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204730241']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Jean-Michel Pawlotsky', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Virology (EA 3489), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris XII, 51 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil, France.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Virology (EA 3489), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris XII, 51 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil, France.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I197681013', 'https://openalex.org/I204730241']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5051956323'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I197681013', 'https://openalex.org/I204730241'], 'apc_list': {'value': 6830, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 6830, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.955, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 240, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.996667, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '12', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '96', 'last_page': '102'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10151', 'display_name': 'Hepatitis C virus research', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2721', 'display_name': 'Hepatology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10151', 'display_name': 'Hepatitis C virus research', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2721', 'display_name': 'Hepatology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10351', 'display_name': 'Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10340', 'display_name': 'Hepatitis B Virus Studies', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-infection', 'display_name': 'Chronic infection', 'score': 0.7163118}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogenesis', 'display_name': 'Pathogenesis', 'score': 0.56854403}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatic-stellate-cell', 'display_name': 'Hepatic stellate cell', 'score': 0.5168896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-disease', 'display_name': 'Liver disease', 'score': 0.41868043}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777214474', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147778', 'display_name': 'Cirrhosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.77924854}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778019345', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148337', 'display_name': 'Hepatocellular carcinoma', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7392498}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3019392825', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383126', 'display_name': 'Chronic infection', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7163118}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.66445845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6044345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776408679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693', 'display_name': 'Hepatitis C virus', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6010668}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780942790', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016', 'display_name': 'Pathogenesis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56854403}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8891405', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059', 'display_name': 'Immune system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.519667}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C176891718', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997459', 'display_name': 'Hepatic stellate cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5168896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2522874641', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808', 'display_name': 'Virus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50788766}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C167672396', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800', 'display_name': 'CD8', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4658324}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777575235', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558404', 'display_name': 'Alcoholic liver disease', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46541098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C140704245', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933202', 'display_name': 'Viral replication', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.456888}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776914184', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991', 'display_name': 'Inflammation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45508957}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159047783', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215', 'display_name': 'Virology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44582853}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777075537', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929737', 'display_name': 'Liver disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41868043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C502942594', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914', 'display_name': 'Cancer research', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2942708}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17326215}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1184755}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D006528', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016174', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepacivirus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000472', 'qualifier_name': 'pathogenicity', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006526', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019698', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019698', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008103', 'descriptor_name': 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015496', 'descriptor_name': 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015496', 'descriptor_name': 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018414', 'descriptor_name': 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018414', 'descriptor_name': 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006528', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006528', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000821', 'qualifier_name': 'virology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006528', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016174', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepacivirus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000254', 'qualifier_name': 'growth & development', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016174', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepacivirus', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006526', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006526', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000821', 'qualifier_name': 'virology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006526', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019698', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019698', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000821', 'qualifier_name': 'virology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019698', 'descriptor_name': 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008103', 'descriptor_name': 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008103', 'descriptor_name': 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008103', 'descriptor_name': 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000821', 'qualifier_name': 'virology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018417', 'descriptor_name': 'Th1 Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018417', 'descriptor_name': 'Th1 Cells', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014779', 'descriptor_name': 'Virus Replication', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2003.12.005', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S587692', 'display_name': 'Trends in Microbiology', 'issn_l': '0966-842X', 'issn': ['0966-842X', '1878-4380'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15036326', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.75}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 87, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1487135612', 'https://openalex.org/W1511803520', 'https://openalex.org/W1516756689', 'https://openalex.org/W1542447311', 'https://openalex.org/W1575837553', 'https://openalex.org/W1665466173', 'https://openalex.org/W1914838920', 'https://openalex.org/W1965776393', 'https://openalex.org/W1966303376', 'https://openalex.org/W1967982404', 'https://openalex.org/W1970486929', 'https://openalex.org/W1985970818', 'https://openalex.org/W1986505810', 'https://openalex.org/W1987633215', 'https://openalex.org/W1994340919', 'https://openalex.org/W1996743123', 'https://openalex.org/W1998364518', 'https://openalex.org/W2001070009', 'https://openalex.org/W2003277818', 'https://openalex.org/W2004651002', 'https://openalex.org/W2012420380', 'https://openalex.org/W2015489330', 'https://openalex.org/W2015625646', 'https://openalex.org/W2024086482', 'https://openalex.org/W2026389832', 'https://openalex.org/W2027001482', 'https://openalex.org/W2029834382', 'https://openalex.org/W2042994480', 'https://openalex.org/W2043519223', 'https://openalex.org/W2046178003', 'https://openalex.org/W2046714103', 'https://openalex.org/W2047711008', 'https://openalex.org/W2049837892', 'https://openalex.org/W2050997685', 'https://openalex.org/W2053978445', 'https://openalex.org/W2057211436', 'https://openalex.org/W2060483294', 'https://openalex.org/W2062751582', 'https://openalex.org/W2064428351', 'https://openalex.org/W2071136569', 'https://openalex.org/W2072681498', 'https://openalex.org/W2074562878', 'https://openalex.org/W2076955144', 'https://openalex.org/W2077467499', 'https://openalex.org/W2079295092', 'https://openalex.org/W2080325240', 'https://openalex.org/W2083798519', 'https://openalex.org/W2085872870', 'https://openalex.org/W2088613968', 'https://openalex.org/W2091925927', 'https://openalex.org/W2097224767', 'https://openalex.org/W2100294200', 'https://openalex.org/W2106945734', 'https://openalex.org/W2109457390', 'https://openalex.org/W2109514681', 'https://openalex.org/W2110842901', 'https://openalex.org/W2111359040', 'https://openalex.org/W2115873364', 'https://openalex.org/W2116033657', 'https://openalex.org/W2118273588', 'https://openalex.org/W2118320694', 'https://openalex.org/W2118888785', 'https://openalex.org/W2120925998', 'https://openalex.org/W2121381066', 'https://openalex.org/W2130259551', 'https://openalex.org/W2132444008', 'https://openalex.org/W2135909641', 'https://openalex.org/W2136896260', 'https://openalex.org/W2138172337', 'https://openalex.org/W2149428249', 'https://openalex.org/W2150403025', 'https://openalex.org/W2150757291', 'https://openalex.org/W2158129157', 'https://openalex.org/W2159106190', 'https://openalex.org/W2160174559', 'https://openalex.org/W2160425277', 'https://openalex.org/W2163991469', 'https://openalex.org/W2169151999', 'https://openalex.org/W2169601765', 'https://openalex.org/W2169757199', 'https://openalex.org/W2328025723', 'https://openalex.org/W2412967677', 'https://openalex.org/W4230988890', 'https://openalex.org/W4239073631', 'https://openalex.org/W4244619221', 'https://openalex.org/W4246340411', 'https://openalex.org/W4378677965'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3157506044', 'https://openalex.org/W2775733839', 'https://openalex.org/W2644744618', 'https://openalex.org/W2608662514', 'https://openalex.org/W2607647401', 'https://openalex.org/W2419034385', 'https://openalex.org/W2364278627', 'https://openalex.org/W2289232604', 'https://openalex.org/W2051381902', 'https://openalex.org/W1920022215'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2052151802', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 22}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T12:13:59.333783', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}