Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2051784409', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1982.tb00434.x', 'title': 'Variations in Students Approaches to Studying', 'display_name': 'Variations in Students Approaches to Studying', 'publication_year': 1982, 'publication_date': '1982-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2051784409', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1982.tb00434.x', 'mag': '2051784409'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1982.tb00434.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110346167', 'display_name': 'British Journal of Educational Technology', 'issn_l': '0007-1013', 'issn': ['0007-1013', '1467-8535'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056332129', 'display_name': 'Alistair Morgan', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8934-7388'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204136569', 'display_name': 'The Open University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05mzfcs16', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204136569']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Alistair Morgan', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Alistair Morgan and Elizabeth Taylor are in the Study Methods Group at the Institute of Educational Technology, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Alistair Morgan and Elizabeth Taylor are in the Study Methods Group at the Institute of Educational Technology, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204136569']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069514793', 'display_name': 'Elizabeth Taylor', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-0691'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204136569', 'display_name': 'The Open University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05mzfcs16', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204136569']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Elizabeth Taylor', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Alistair Morgan and Elizabeth Taylor are in the Study Methods Group at the Institute of Educational Technology, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Alistair Morgan and Elizabeth Taylor are in the Study Methods Group at the Institute of Educational Technology, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204136569']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029816560', 'display_name': 'Graham Gibbs', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Graham Gibbs', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Graham Gibbs lectures in the Educational Methods Unit at Oxford Polytechnic.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Graham Gibbs lectures in the Educational Methods Unit at Oxford Polytechnic.', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3860, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3860, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.085, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 49, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.977103, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '13', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '107', 'last_page': '113'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10162', 'display_name': 'Online and Blended Learning', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10162', 'display_name': 'Online and Blended Learning', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11039', 'display_name': 'Evaluation of Teaching Practices', 'score': 0.9965, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10636', 'display_name': 'Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods', 'score': 0.9919, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3204', 'display_name': 'Developmental and Educational Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/open-university', 'display_name': 'Open university', 'score': 0.5522412}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.56336576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780745866', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6755402', 'display_name': 'Open university', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5522412}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655', 'display_name': 'Library science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3543672}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.28385913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C503872463', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159595', 'display_name': 'Distance education', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.12227312}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19417346', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922', 'display_name': 'Pedagogy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09646252}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1982.tb00434.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110346167', 'display_name': 'British Journal of Educational Technology', 'issn_l': '0007-1013', 'issn': ['0007-1013', '1467-8535'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'display_name': 'Quality education', 'score': 0.46}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 9, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1975912968', 'https://openalex.org/W1998871201', 'https://openalex.org/W1999840344', 'https://openalex.org/W1999862833', 'https://openalex.org/W2036789133', 'https://openalex.org/W2100702557', 'https://openalex.org/W2134275221', 'https://openalex.org/W2340614541', 'https://openalex.org/W4299588845'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4315564065', 'https://openalex.org/W4247466531', 'https://openalex.org/W4239427709', 'https://openalex.org/W3210916691', 'https://openalex.org/W3176925793', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2140525105', 'https://openalex.org/W2044448629', 'https://openalex.org/W2040454277', 'https://openalex.org/W103988442'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'British': [0, 373, 527], 'Journal': [1, 374, 528], 'of': [2, 34, 66, 119, 151, 211, 221, 234, 245, 319, 322, 348, 375, 397, 413, 416, 427, 450, 462, 507, 510, 529, 540, 547], 'Educational': [3, 35, 67, 89, 120, 152, 174, 376, 463, 530, 548], 'TechnologyVolume': [4], '13,': [5], 'Issue': [6], '2': [7, 338], 'p.': [8], '107-113': [9, 560], 'Variations': [10], 'in': [11, 26, 58, 87, 111, 143, 172, 268, 287, 290, 301, 365, 391, 429, 495, 501, 520, 543], 'Students': [12], 'Approaches': [13], 'to': [14, 195, 217, 240, 471], 'Studying': [15], 'Alistair': [16, 18, 20, 52, 101, 103, 105, 137], 'Morgan,': [17, 102], 'Morgan': [19, 21, 53, 104, 106, 138], 'and': [22, 54, 107, 139, 209, 213, 225, 232, 251, 263, 294, 314, 325, 343, 352, 359, 368, 381, 386, 406, 423, 444, 525], 'Elizabeth': [23, 50, 55, 108, 135, 140], 'Taylor': [24, 51, 56, 109, 136, 141], 'are': [25, 57, 110, 142], 'the': [27, 32, 59, 64, 88, 112, 117, 144, 149, 173, 227, 237, 320, 326, 392, 404, 407, 411, 451, 496, 505], 'Study': [28, 60, 113, 145, 455], 'Methods': [29, 61, 90, 114, 146, 175, 300, 456], 'Group': [30, 62, 115, 147, 457], 'at': [31, 63, 92, 116, 148, 177], 'Institute': [33, 65, 118, 150, 412, 461, 506], 'Technology,': [36, 68, 121, 153, 464], 'Open': [37, 69, 122, 154, 465], 'University,': [38, 70, 123, 155, 466], 'Milton': [39, 71, 124, 156], 'Keynes': [40, 72, 125, 157], 'MK7': [41, 73, 126, 158], '6AASearch': [42, 74, 127, 159], 'for': [43, 75, 95, 128, 160, 180], 'more': [44, 76, 96, 129, 161, 181], 'papers': [45, 77, 97, 130, 162, 182], 'by': [46, 78, 98, 131, 163, 183], 'this': [47, 79, 99, 132, 164, 184, 246], 'authorElizabeth': [48, 133], 'Taylor,': [49, 134], 'authorGraham': [80, 165], 'Gibbs,': [81, 166], 'Graham': [82, 84, 167, 169], 'Gibbs': [83, 85, 168, 170], 'lectures': [86, 171], 'Unit': [91, 176], 'Oxford': [93, 178], 'Polytechnic.Search': [94, 179], 'author': [100, 185], 'First': [186], 'published:': [187], 'May': [188], '1982': [189], 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1982.tb00434.xCitations:': [190], '27AboutPDF': [191], 'ToolsRequest': [192], 'permissionExport': [193], 'citationAdd': [194], 'favoritesTrack': [196], 'citation': [197], 'ShareShare': [198], 'Give': [199], 'accessShare': [200, 203], 'full': [201], 'text': [202], 'full-text': [204, 219, 243], 'accessPlease': [205], 'review': [206, 318], 'our': [207], 'Terms': [208, 231], 'Conditions': [210, 233], 'Use': [212], 'check': [214], 'box': [215], 'below': [216, 239], 'share': [218, 241], 'version': [220, 244], 'article.I': [222], 'have': [223], 'read': [224], 'accept': [226], 'Wiley': [228], 'Online': [229], 'Library': [230], 'UseShareable': [235], 'LinkUse': [236], 'link': [238], 'a': [242, 257, 329, 401], 'article': [247], 'with': [248], 'your': [249], 'friends': [250], 'colleagues.': [252], 'Learn': [253], 'more.Copy': [254], 'URL': [255], 'Share': [256], 'linkShare': [258], 'onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat': [259], 'Reference': [260], 'ENTWISTLE,': [261], 'N': [262], 'HOUNSELL,': [264], 'D,': [265], '‘Student': [266], 'learning': [267, 521], 'its': [269], 'natural': [270], 'setting’,': [271], 'Higher': [272, 335, 432, 484], 'Education,': [273, 336, 414, 433, 485, 508], '8,': [274, 434, 486], '4,': [275, 435, 487], 'pp': [276, 379, 436, 488, 533, 552], '359–363,': [277], '1979.': [278, 308, 420, 438], 'FILSTEAD,': [279], 'W': [280], 'J,': [281], '‘': [282, 389, 447, 493], 'Qualitative': [283, 299], 'methods—a': [284], 'needed': [285], 'perspective': [286, 332, 394], 'evaluation': [288], 'research’': [289], 'T': [291], 'D': [292], 'Cook': [293], 'C': [295], 'S': [296], 'Reichardt': [297], '(eds),': [298], 'Evaluation': [302], 'Research,': [303, 549], 'Sage,': [304], 'Beverly': [305], 'Hills': [306], ',': [307, 355, 475, 477], 'GIBHS,': [309], 'G,': [310], 'MORGAN,': [311, 439], 'A': [312, 440], 'R': [313], 'TAYLOR,': [315, 445], 'E,': [316, 446], '‘A': [317], 'research': [321, 331, 428], 'Ference': [323], 'Marton': [324], 'Goteborg': [327], 'Group:': [328], 'phenomenological': [330], 'on': [333], 'learning’,': [334, 431, 483, 526], '11,': [337], '(in': [339], 'press).': [340], 'GLASER,': [341], 'B': [342], 'STRAUSS,': [344], 'A,': [345], 'The': [346, 448], 'Discovery': [347], 'Grounded': [349], 'Theory,': [350], 'Weidenfeld': [351], 'Nicolson,': [353], 'London': [354], '19678.': [356], 'MARTON,': [357, 384, 421], 'F': [358, 385, 422], 'SALJO,': [360, 387, 479, 491], 'R,': [361, 388, 441, 480, 492], '‘On': [362, 517], 'qualitative': [363, 518], 'differences': [364, 500, 519], 'learning,': [366], 'outcome': [367], 'process': [369], 'I': [370], '&': [371], 'II’,': [372], 'Psychology,': [377, 531], '46,': [378], '4–11': [380], '115–127,': [382], '1976.': [383], 'Learning': [390, 494], "learner's": [393, 497], 'III:': [395, 522], 'level': [396], 'difficulty': [398], 'seen': [399], 'as': [400], 'relationship': [402], 'between': [403], 'reader': [405], 'text’,': [408], 'report': [409, 503], 'from': [410, 504], 'University': [415, 509], 'Gothenburg,': [417, 511], 'No': [418, 459, 512], '78,': [419], 'SVENSSON,': [424, 515], 'L.': [425], 'Conceptions': [426], 'student': [430], '471–486,': [437], 'GIBES,': [442], 'G': [443], 'work': [449], 'study': [452, 523], 'methods': [453], 'group’,': [454], 'Report': [458], '1,': [460, 551], '1980.': [467], 'ROGERS,': [468], 'C,': [469], 'Freedom': [470], 'Learn,': [472], 'Merrill,': [473], 'Colombus': [474], 'Ohio': [476], '1969.': [478], '‘Learning': [481], 'about': [482], '443–451,': [489], '1979a.': [490], 'perspective:': [498], 'II': [499], 'awareness’,': [502], '77,': [513], '1979b.': [514], 'L,': [516], 'skill': [524], '47,': [532, 550], '233–243,': [534], '1977.': [535, 554], 'WILSON,': [536], 'S,': [537], '‘The': [538], 'use': [539], 'ethnographic': [541], 'techniques': [542], 'educational': [544], 'research’,': [545], 'Review': [546], '245–265,': [553], 'Citing': [555], 'Literature': [556], 'Volume13,': [557], 'Issue2May': [558], '1982Pages': [559], 'ReferencesRelatedInformation': [561]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2051784409', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-24T15:00:47.428806', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}