Publication Information

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31, 331, 382, 589, 709, 942, 1017, 1030, 1118, 1228, 1376, 1688, 1848, 1870, 1922, 1998, 2027, 2402, 2427, 2463, 2487, 2693, 2795, 2849, 2898, 3221, 3327, 3441], 'a': [10, 32, 306, 390, 434, 447, 513, 617, 723, 761, 836, 896, 909, 1021, 1047, 1051, 1101, 1109, 1143, 1187, 1248, 1256, 1282, 1286, 1291, 1298, 1309, 1318, 1326, 1377, 1391, 1412, 1518, 1562, 1628, 1661, 1923, 2028, 2087, 2114, 2118, 2193, 2285, 2403, 2428, 2446, 2464, 2488, 2505, 2528, 2767, 2899, 2918, 3084, 3091, 3179, 3343, 3388, 3450, 3472, 3534, 3559, 3589, 3723, 3736], 'Phenotype': [11], 'Free': [12], 'AccessResearch': [13, 26], 'ArticlePDF/EPUBAboutView': [14], 'PDFSections': [15], 'ToolsAdd': [16], 'to': [17, 320, 330, 352, 357, 365, 441, 523, 555, 574, 607, 645, 734, 745, 753, 791, 817, 846, 997, 1014, 1056, 1141, 1259, 1443, 1483, 1486, 1558, 1600, 1627, 1642, 1724, 1727, 1730, 1738, 1741, 1744, 1750, 1753, 1756, 2156, 2167, 2188, 2237, 2291, 2306, 2317, 2445, 2504, 2520, 2554, 2577, 2589, 2622, 2631, 2730, 2760, 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150, 159, 183, 187, 191, 199, 204, 213, 223, 237, 241, 245, 253, 258, 267, 293, 322, 343, 399, 403, 459, 467, 470, 472, 475, 537, 544, 564, 604, 612, 714, 739, 780, 878, 888, 927, 961, 976, 988, 998, 1012, 1090, 1097, 1106, 1163, 1198, 1202, 1285, 1363, 1395, 1414, 1463, 1488, 1492, 1544, 1580, 1638, 1803, 1823, 1853, 1981, 1991, 1996, 2016, 2196, 2202, 2261, 2573, 2669, 2700, 2743, 2852, 2858, 2906, 2934, 2960, 2985, 3028, 3064, 3070, 3079, 3125, 3148, 3204, 3259, 3284, 3336, 3420, 3428, 3516, 3520, 3529, 3594, 3624, 3637, 3645, 3652, 3676, 3693, 3712, 3742, 3747, 3769, 3833, 4092], 'David': [58, 225, 227], 'Spence,': [59], 'FRCPC': [61], 'LanktreeMatthew': [64], 'Lanktree': [66, 3699, 3721, 4101], 'From': [67, 121, 175, 229], 'the': [68, 80, 106, 122, 134, 160, 176, 188, 214, 230, 242, 268, 288, 296, 303, 313, 368, 375, 383, 421, 462, 478, 495, 507, 519, 524, 579, 583, 622, 633, 655, 666, 750, 775, 802, 818, 847, 865, 870, 924, 943, 946, 954, 958, 1003, 1006, 1015, 1035, 1136, 1156, 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3464, 3469, 3476, 3481, 3484, 3498, 3501, 3508, 3613, 3622, 3646, 3663, 3679, 3690, 3694, 3703, 3713, 3740, 3749, 3761, 3770, 3779, 3828, 3854, 3942], 'Departments': [69, 123, 177, 231], 'Medicine': [71, 95, 125, 149, 179, 203, 233, 257], '(M.B.L.,': [72, 77, 126, 131, 180, 185, 234, 239], 'R.A.H.,': [73, 127, 181, 235], 'J.D.S.)': [74, 128, 182, 236], 'Biochemistry': [76, 130, 184, 238], 'R.A.H.)': [78, 132, 186, 240], 'Stroke': [81, 135, 189, 243, 848, 3625, 3743], 'Prevention': [82, 136, 190, 244, 805, 849, 2711], 'Atherosclerosis': [84, 138, 192, 246, 820], 'Research': [85, 89, 139, 143, 193, 197, 247, 251, 3618, 3654, 3708, 3728, 3754, 3776, 3796], 'Centre': [86, 140, 194, 248], '(J.D.S.),': [87, 141, 195, 249], 'Robarts': [88, 142, 196, 250, 3795], 'Institute': [90, 110, 144, 164, 198, 218, 252, 272, 3683], 'Schulich': [92, 146, 200, 254, 3751], 'School': [93, 147, 201, 255], 'Dentistry,': [97, 151, 205, 259], 'University': [98, 152, 206, 260, 808, 871, 3714, 3780, 3798], 'Western': [100, 154, 208, 262, 297, 873, 3716, 3782, 3800], 'Ontario,': [101, 103, 155, 157, 209, 211, 263, 265, 812, 3801, 3803], 'London,': [102, 156, 210, 264, 811, 3802], 'Canada;': [104, 158, 212, 266], 'Scripps': [107, 161, 215, 269, 3680, 3695], 'Translational': [108, 162, 216, 270, 3681, 3685], 'Sciences': [109, 163, 217, 271, 3682], '(N.J.S.),': [111, 165, 219, 273], 'La': [112, 166, 220, 274], 'Jolla,': [113, 167, 221, 275], 'Calif.': [114, 168, 222, 276], ',': [115, 169], 'HegeleRobert': [118], 'Hegele': [120, 3734], 'SchorkNicholas': [172], 'Schork': [174, 484, 510, 3657], 'SpenceJ.': [226], 'Spence': [228], 'Originally': [277], 'published1': [278], 'Apr': [279], '2010https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.109.934505Circulation:': [280], 'Genetics.': [282], '2010;3:215–221Because': [283], 'cardiovascular': [284, 3823], 'disease': [285, 737, 2741], '(CVD)': [286], 'is': [287, 302, 595, 682, 700, 755, 1211, 1289, 1315, 1361, 1596, 1606, 1827, 1949, 2025, 2043, 2165, 2315, 2413, 2440, 2473, 2496, 2522, 2563, 2653, 3072, 3290, 3301, 3310, 3342, 3361, 3370, 3392, 3396, 3457, 3468, 3722, 3735], 'leading': [289], 'cause': [290], 'morbidity': [292], 'mortality': [294], 'in': [295, 438, 450, 461, 480, 501, 547, 621, 810, 953, 990, 1125, 1135, 1213, 1372, 1440, 1574, 1603, 1608, 1648, 1785, 1829, 1880, 2192, 2256, 2264, 2287, 2363, 2376, 2618, 2634, 2641, 2682, 2736, 2750, 2756, 2895, 2926, 2982, 3001, 3021, 3040, 3047, 3086, 3122, 3145, 3170, 3182, 3201, 3214, 3223, 3248, 3286, 3311, 3573, 3660, 3730, 3758, 3766], 'world,1': [298], 'reduction': [299, 2286, 2617], 'CVD': [301, 324, 372, 395, 2548, 2697, 3574], 'focus': [304, 724], 'large': [307, 354, 2919], 'body': [308, 3041], 'research.': [310, 991], 'Ever': [311], 'since': [312], 'initial': [314], 'Framingham': [315, 832, 3855], 'study,': [316, 2516], 'researchers': [317], 'have': [318, 349, 517, 1010, 1224, 1653, 2819, 2885, 2972], 'sought': [319], 'identify': [321, 442, 2555, 2579], 'validate': [323], 'risk': [325, 333, 396, 602, 643, 663, 686, 706, 797, 833, 1370, 1930, 2048, 2549, 2698, 2846, 2862, 3455, 3586, 3831, 3943], 'factors,': [326, 334, 644, 707, 1043, 2550, 2847, 2863, 3832], 'now': [327], 'often': [328], 'referred': [329, 816, 845], '"traditional"': [332], 'including': [335, 559, 1113, 1390, 3422], 'age,': [336, 1072, 1978], 'sex,': [337, 1073, 1979], 'blood': [338, 712, 1077, 1080, 1086, 1698, 1937, 1983, 1994, 3099, 3159, 3175, 3243], 'pressure,': [339, 713, 1078, 1081, 1984], 'lipid': [340, 887, 1091, 1098], 'parameters,': [341], 'diabetes,': [342], 'smoking.2': [344], 'More': [345], 'recently,': [346], 'extraordinary': [347], 'efforts': [348], 'been': [350, 1225, 2886], 'undertaken': [351], 'construct': [353], 'study': [355, 401, 861, 1650, 1781, 2601, 2738, 3097, 3240, 3257, 3347, 3533, 3551, 3590, 4084], 'samples': [356, 2304], 'carry': [358], 'out': [359], 'population-based': [360, 762, 1500, 2251, 2303, 2350, 2386, 2529], 'genome-wide': [361], 'association': [362, 504, 1280, 1404, 2239, 4063, 4083], 'studies': [363, 439, 2765, 2789, 2798], '(GWAS)': [364], 'further': [366, 2660, 2754], 'deconstruct': [367], 'heritable': [369, 394], 'component': [370, 392], 'risk,': [373], 'with': [374, 430, 569, 600, 629, 650, 732, 765, 795, 899, 1050, 1195, 1247, 1294, 1331, 1405, 1611, 1663, 1667, 1850, 1872, 1891, 1970, 2057, 2075, 2117, 2240, 2254, 2262, 2284, 2355, 2384, 2532, 2583, 2591, 2625, 2801, 2815, 2923, 2930, 2956, 2980, 3018, 3032, 3037, 3049, 3134, 3211, 3230, 3315, 3580, 3596, 3985], 'successful': [376], 'identification': [377], 'molecular': [379], 'determinants,': [380], 'such': [381, 708, 1227, 2794, 2848], 'robustly': [384], 'associated': [385, 412, 2979, 3017, 3031, 3036, 3984], 'chromosome': [386, 3939, 3982], '9p21': [387, 3940], 'locus.3–6': [388], 'However,': [389, 1341, 1386, 2692, 3157, 3408], 'substantial': [391, 498], 'still': [397], 'exists,7': [398], 'new': [400, 736], 'designs': [402, 1651], 'statistical': [404, 748, 1144, 1275, 1944], 'methods': [405, 1223], 'will': [406, 1624, 2828, 3082, 3324], 'be': [407, 788, 1339, 1381, 1625, 2157, 2603, 2614, 2623, 2813, 3228, 3263, 3356, 3413, 3446, 3489, 3592], 'necessary': [408, 1428, 1502], 'uncovering': [410], 'additional': [411, 1120, 1333, 1387, 2724, 3158, 3194, 3212, 3511], 'variants.Mounting': [413], 'evidence': [414, 826], 'suggests': [415, 2949], 'that': [416, 489, 688, 744, 1062, 1657, 1946, 2615, 2837, 2950, 3013, 3076, 3241, 3292, 3393], 'common': [417, 2901, 2903, 2908, 2914, 2916, 2944, 3015, 3026, 3038, 3060, 3062, 3065, 3078, 3426, 3936, 3979, 4090], 'complex': [418, 793, 2740, 2770, 3566], 'disorders': [419], 'represent': [420, 575, 2034], 'extremes': [422, 656, 717, 776, 1410, 1423, 1473, 2094, 2129, 2338, 2397, 2422, 2439, 2539, 2592, 2636, 2718, 3386, 3437], 'quantitative': [424, 443, 1287, 1359, 1406, 2029, 2541, 2771, 2893, 2940, 2969, 2983, 3008, 3092, 3299, 3389, 3443], 'traits.8': [425], 'The': [426, 716, 783, 860, 992, 1069, 1273, 1475, 1551, 1818, 1832, 2001, 2031, 2275, 2610, 2648], 'evaluation': [427], 'individuals': [429, 628, 670, 773, 1346, 1439, 1885, 2038, 2126, 2149, 2164, 2335, 2374, 2536, 2556, 2590, 2633, 2651, 2715, 2814, 3002, 3048, 3237, 3579], 'extreme': [431, 520, 630, 679, 697, 1349, 1442, 2247, 2280, 2367, 3005, 3050, 3105, 3172, 3253, 3271, 3465, 3581], 'values': [432, 631, 1061], 'continuously': [435], 'distributed': [436], 'trait': [437, 444, 1288, 1360, 1455, 1602, 2146, 2331, 2451, 2510, 2542, 3300, 3390, 3401, 3444], 'seeking': [440], 'loci': [445, 534, 3571], 'has': [446, 2352, 2988], 'long': [448], 'history': [449, 839, 853, 876], 'genetics.': [451], '"Selective': [452], 'genotyping"': [453], 'was': [454, 862, 905, 940, 971, 979, 1026, 1139, 1152, 1876, 3406, 3610, 3658, 3700], 'first': [455, 1045], 'described': [456, 477, 619, 785, 2866], 'by': [457, 509, 591, 661, 684, 703, 864, 907, 1040, 1066, 1112, 1154, 1458, 1631, 1974, 2021, 2046, 2052, 2070, 2841, 3110, 3492, 3575, 3584, 3612, 3662, 3702], 'Lander': [458], 'Botstein9': [460], 'context': [463, 623, 1215, 2112, 2643], 'animal': [465], 'models,': [466], 'later': [468], 'Carey': [469], 'Williamson10': [471], 'then': [473, 1616], 'Risch': [474], 'Zhang11': [476], 'approach': [479, 763, 767, 784, 913, 1055, 2252, 2282, 2351, 2369, 2530, 2865, 3255, 3273, 3467], 'family-based': [481], 'linkage': [482, 542, 1609, 1633, 1665, 3313, 3331], 'studies.': [483, 505], 'et': [485, 511], 'al12': [486], 'demonstrated': [487], 'formally': [488], 'selective': [490], 'genotyping,': [491], 'or': [492, 695, 835, 856, 1181, 1232, 1297, 1311, 1325, 1586, 1692, 1712, 1838, 1860, 1920, 2008, 2249, 2566, 3303, 3306, 3320, 3425, 3431, 3494], 'genotyping': [493, 627, 771, 1218, 1344, 2091, 2099, 2124, 2333, 2371, 2534, 2588, 2619, 2646, 3282, 3546, 3577], 'extremes,': [496, 3216], 'showed': [497], 'efficiency': [499, 3598], 'gains': [500], 'human': [502], 'genetic': [503, 648, 1042, 1279, 1460, 1614, 2115, 2141, 2313, 2325, 2581, 3478, 3503, 3601], 'Since': [506], 'publication': [508], 'al,': [512], 'number': [514, 751, 1368, 1432, 1465, 2162, 2518, 2649, 2920, 3118, 3141, 3165, 3235, 3433], 'authors': [516, 993, 1009], 'extended': [518], 'sampling': [521, 2659, 3106, 3254, 3272, 3383], 'strategy': [522, 530], 'use': [525, 546], 'more': [527, 1417], 'general': [528, 3826], 'selection': [529, 2248, 2281, 2368, 2713, 3466], 'designs,13': [531], 'considerations': [532], 'when': [533, 759, 2526, 3115, 3138, 3363], 'are': [535, 567, 672, 689, 728, 1398, 1415, 1659, 1686, 1783, 2055, 2073, 2150, 2382, 2552, 2705, 2838, 2962, 3044], 'multiallelic': [536], 'exhibit': [538], 'varying': [539], 'strengths': [540], 'disequilibrium,14': [543], 'DNA': [548, 986], 'pooling': [549], 'strategies.15The': [550], 'various': [551], 'ultrasound': [552, 594, 921], 'techniques': [553], 'used': [554, 3245], 'monitor': [556], 'carotid': [557, 584, 963, 2782], 'atherosclerosis,': [558, 2595], 'intima-media': [560], 'thickness,': [561], 'plaque': [562, 565, 587, 637, 658, 680, 698, 903, 966, 1024, 1059, 1177, 1184, 1189, 1537, 1572, 1769, 1771, 1810, 1825, 1896, 1967, 1971, 2014, 2018, 2041, 2132, 2242, 2341, 2400, 2425, 2458, 2482, 2561, 2703, 2783, 2850, 2856], 'area,': [563, 2401], 'volume,': [566], 'correlated': [568, 599], 'each': [570, 1117, 1159, 1373, 2377, 2955], 'other16': [571], 'but': [572, 1605, 2677, 2929, 3340], 'appear': [573], 'different': [576, 1041, 1950, 2952, 3418], 'components': [577], 'atherosclerotic': [580, 2560, 2585], 'process.17,18': [581], 'Among': [582], 'imaging': [585], 'phenotypes,': [586, 3567], 'area': [588, 638, 659, 681, 699, 904, 939, 967, 1025, 1060, 1178, 1185, 1190, 1573, 1811, 1826, 1897, 1968, 1972, 2015, 2019, 2042, 2133, 2243, 2342, 2426, 2459, 2483, 2562, 2704, 2857], 'measured': [590], '2-dimensional': [592, 1966], 'B-mode': [593], 'so': [596], 'far': [597], 'best': [598, 605, 2044], 'traditional': [601, 642, 662, 685, 705, 2047, 2696, 2796, 2844, 2861, 3585], 'factors': [603, 664, 687, 834, 2699, 2832, 3456], 'able': [606, 2553], 'predict': [608], 'coronary': [609, 3986, 4066], 'events,': [610], 'stroke,': [611], 'death.18–21': [613], 'Here': [614], 'we': [615, 1044, 1533, 1652, 1658, 2551, 3557], 'update': [616], 'previously': [618, 910, 1031], 'approach22': [620], 'GWAS,': [625], 'namely,': [626], 'multiple-regression': [634], 'residual': [635, 1058, 1188, 2002, 2066, 2084], 'involving': [639], 'correction': [640, 1236], 'efficiently': [646, 2578, 2761], 'detect': [647, 2238, 3108], 'variants': [649, 2922, 3121, 3144, 3416, 3427, 3602], 'small': [651, 2932], 'effects': [652, 2933], 'on': [653, 725, 769, 883, 914, 929, 1105, 3054, 3507, 3938, 3981], 'CVD.Studying': [654], 'unexplained': [660, 719, 778, 781, 1425, 2096, 2131, 2241, 2340, 2399, 2424, 2457, 2481, 2594, 3439, 3583], 'permits': [665, 722], 'omission': [667], 'those': [669, 677, 1849, 1871, 2056, 2074, 2800], 'who': [671, 727, 2818], 'not': [673, 1597, 1704, 2820, 2839, 3542], 'interest,': [675], 'specifically': [676], 'whose': [678, 696, 2039, 2557], 'predicted': [683, 702, 1176, 1540, 1822, 1973, 2020], 'neither': [690], 'genetically': [691], 'based': [692, 768], 'nor': [693], 'modifiable': [694], 'essentially': [701], 'treatable': [704], 'tobacco': [710], 'smoking,': [711], 'cholesterol.': [715], 'atherosclerosis': [720, 779, 830, 1426, 2777, 2817, 2880, 3582], 'design': [721], 'patients': [726, 981, 1840, 1862], 'great': [730, 2869], 'interest': [731], 'respect': [733], 'identifying': [735, 3569, 3600], 'pathways': [738], 'therapeutic': [740, 2873], 'targets.': [741], 'We': [742], 'find': [743], 'obtain': [746, 1020, 1057, 2168, 2360, 2512, 2632, 2762], 'similar': [747, 2757, 3217], 'power,': [749, 2297, 2347], 'needed': [752, 2519], 'genotype': [754, 1323, 2521], '4': [756, 2159, 2523], 'times': [757, 2160, 2524], 'greater': [758, 2525, 2565, 3180], 'using': [760, 908, 2244, 2527], 'compared': [764, 1969, 2531], 'an': [766, 915, 930, 1119, 1174, 1265, 1269, 1304, 1332, 2513, 2654, 2732, 2786, 2823, 2991, 2994, 3252], 'targeted': [770, 1343, 2090, 2533], 'at': [774, 801, 807, 1264, 1408, 2415, 2442, 2475, 2498, 2537, 2708, 2716, 3778], 'protection.': [782], 'here': [786, 2867], 'could': [787, 3488], 'easily': [789], 'adapted': [790], 'other': [792, 1445, 3565], 'phenotypes': [794], 'known': [796], 'factors.MethodsSubjectsPatients': [798], 'were': [799, 815, 844, 881, 891, 1123, 1193, 1245, 1478, 1554, 1846, 1868, 2108], 'ascertained': [800], 'Vascular': [803, 2710, 3731], 'Clinics': [806], 'Hospital': [809], 'Canada.': [813], 'Patients': [814], 'Premature': [819], 'Clinic': [821, 850], 'because': [822, 851, 2293, 2657, 3358], 'either': [824, 1290, 1317, 2245, 3293], 'clinical': [825, 2791], 'excessive': [828], 'premature': [829, 2802], 'given': [831, 1268, 1561], 'strong': [837], 'family': [838], 'early': [841], 'CVD.': [842], 'They': [843], 'stroke': [855], 'transient': [857], 'ischemic': [858], 'attack.': [859], 'approved': [863], 'ethics': [866], 'review': [867], 'board': [868], 'Ontario.': [874], 'Medical': [875, 3775], 'questionnaires': [877], 'physical': [879], 'examination': [880], 'performed': [882, 1046, 1124, 1194, 1246], 'all': [884, 950, 3526], 'patients.': [885], 'Plasma': [886], 'lipoprotein': [889], 'concentrations': [890], 'determined': [892, 906], 'from': [893, 1168, 1179, 1347, 1468, 1535, 1951, 2004, 2127, 2152, 2336, 3384], 'blood,': [894], 'after': [895, 1342], '12-hour': [897], 'fast,': [898], 'standard': [900, 1239, 1274, 1383, 2706], 'methodologies.22': [901], 'Two-dimensional': [902], 'reported,': [911], 'validated': [912, 1792], 'Advanced': [916, 931], 'Technologies': [917, 932], 'Laboratory': [918, 933], 'Mark': [919], '9': [920, 1797, 3983], 'machine': [922], 'before': [923], 'year': [925], '2000': [926, 2302, 2356], 'subsequently': [928], '(Phillips)': [934], 'HDI': [935], '5000': [936], 'instrument.18,22,23': [937], 'Plaque': [938, 1777, 1907], 'calculated': [941, 1153, 1534], 'sum': [944], 'cross-sectional': [947], 'areas': [948], 'plaques': [951], 'seen': [952], 'longitudinal': [955], 'views': [956], 'common,': [959], 'external,': [960], 'internal': [962], 'arteries.': [964], 'For': [965, 1495, 3010], 'observations,': [968], 'within-observer': [969], 'reliability': [970, 978], '0.94': [972], '(intraclass': [973], 'correlation;': [974], 'κ),': [975], 'between-observer': [977], '0.86.23All': [980], 'provided': [982], 'informed': [983], 'consent': [984], 'analysis': [987, 1384, 1420, 1497, 4064], 'participation': [989], 'had': [994], 'full': [995, 1000], 'access': [996], 'take': [999], 'responsibility': [1001], 'integrity': [1004], 'data.': [1007], 'All': [1008], 'read': [1011], 'agreed': [1013], 'manuscript': [1016], 'written.Statistical': [1018], 'AnalysisTo': [1019], 'normal': [1022, 1355], 'distribution,': [1023, 1353, 2639, 2663], 'cube': [1027], 'root': [1028], 'transformed,': [1029], 'reported.18,22,23': [1032], 'To': [1033, 2359], 'determine': [1034], 'extent': 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'factor': [1110, 1461, 2116, 2142], 'mitigated': [1111], 'therapy': [1115], 'variable.': [1121], 'Analyses': [1122], 'SAS': [1126], 'version': [1127], '9.1': [1128], '(SAS': [1129], 'Institute,': [1130, 3644, 3797], 'Cary,': [1131], 'NC).': [1132], 'Each': [1133], 'term': [1134, 1334], 'model': [1138, 1314, 1806], 'required': [1140, 2166, 2383], 'meet': [1142], 'significance': [1145, 1706, 1945, 3113, 3136, 3220], '0.01.': [1147], 'A': [1148, 3349, 3379, 3935, 3978], '"predicted': [1149], 'atherosclerosis"': [1150, 2572], 'value': [1151], 'summing': [1155], 'product': [1157], "individual's": [1160, 1175], 'independent': [1161, 1515, 1798, 1999, 2023], 'unstandardized': [1165], 'parameter': [1166, 1918, 1921, 1948], 'coefficients': [1167], 'linear': [1171, 1301, 1329], 'regression.': [1172], 'Subtracting': [1173], 'his': [1180], 'her': [1182], 'actual': [1183], 'yielded': [1186], 'value.Power': [1191], 'calculations': [1192, 1244, 1506, 2104], '"PS': [1196], 'Power': [1197, 1243, 2187, 3323], 'Sample': [1199, 2195, 2393, 2418, 2454, 2478], 'Size': [1200], 'calculator"24': [1201], '"genetic': [1204], 'power': [1205, 1419, 1496, 1505, 2103, 2138, 2173, 2300, 2354, 2362, 2394, 2419, 2455, 2479, 3183, 3249, 3360], 'calculator."25': [1206], 'Correction': [1207], 'multiple-hypothesis': [1209], 'testing': [1210, 1366, 1403, 1660, 3116, 3139], 'difficult': [1212], 'high-throughput': [1217], 'technologies.': [1219], 'Although': [1220], 'some': [1221], 'alternative': [1222], 'proposed,': [1226], 'false': [1229, 3491], 'discovery': [1230], 'rate': [1231, 1252, 1263, 1549], 'permutation-based': [1233], 'methods,': [1234], 'Bonferroni': [1235], 'remains': [1237], 'methodology': [1240], 'GWAS.': [1242], 'type': [1249, 1546, 2210], 'I': [1250, 2211], 'error': [1251, 1548, 2212], '(α)': [1253], '5�10−7,': [1255], 'threshold': [1257], 'argued': [1258], 'maintain': [1260], 'false-positive': [1262], 'acceptable': [1266], 'level': [1267, 2171, 2320], 'adequately': [1270], 'powered': [1271, 2515, 2764], 'study.6': [1272], 'technique': [1276], 'assessing': [1278], 'between': [1281, 1322, 1635, 1820, 2011, 2438, 2685, 3333], 'biallelic': [1283], 'marker': [1284, 1662], 'genotype-based': [1292], 'ANOVA': [1293, 1321, 1708], '2': [1295, 1327, 1889, 2687], 'df': [1296, 1300, 1320, 1328], '1': [1299, 1319, 1441, 1547, 1584, 1590, 2232, 2235, 2501, 3316, 3811], 'regression,': [1302, 2007], 'assuming': [1303], 'additive': [1305], 'model.26': [1306], 'Alternatively,': [1307], 'if': [1308, 2139, 3197, 3449], 'recessive': [1310], 'dominant': [1312], 'inheritance': [1313], 'hypothesized,': [1316], 'groups': [1324], 'dominance': [1336], 'deviation': [1337], 'can': [1338, 2602, 3412, 3591], 'performed.': [1340, 2109], 'tails': [1350, 3173], 'distribution': [1356, 1413, 2721, 2891, 2966, 3089, 3191, 3391, 3482], 'lost,': [1362], 'χ2': [1364, 1713], 'analysis,': [1365], 'alleles': [1371, 3081], 'tail': [1374], 'defined': [1375, 1847, 1869], 'discrete': [1378, 1715], 'trait,': 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'φ=0.01': [1482], '0.02;': [1484], 'f=0.10': [1485], '0.40;': [1487], 'δ=�1.65': [1489], '(denoting': [1490], '5th': [1491], '95th': [1493], 'percentiles).': [1494], 'sample,': [1501, 1577], 'sample': [1509, 2675, 3395, 3405, 3411], 'size': [1510, 1542, 1619, 2260, 2676, 2959], 'SD': [1512, 1526, 1570, 1927], 'variable': [1516, 1530, 2957], '(σx),': [1517], 'function': [1519, 2404, 2429, 2465, 2489], 'frequency;': [1524], 'dependent': [1529], '(σy),': [1531], 'which': [1532, 3403], 'observed': [1536, 1824, 1895, 2013, 3222], 'area;': [1538], 'effect': [1541, 1618, 2259, 2310, 2468, 2495, 2958, 3474, 3499], '(λ);': [1543], '(α).': [1550], 'σx=0.43': [1557], '0.70': [1559], '(0.65': [1560], '30%);': [1567], 'σy=1.98': [1568], '(observed': [1569], 'whole': [1576, 3225], 'Table': [1578, 1671, 1786, 1801, 1816, 1900, 2183, 3513], '1);': [1579], 'λ=0.297': [1581], '(15%': [1582], 'SD)': [1585], 'λ=0.436': [1587], '(22%': [1588], 'SD).': [1591], 'If': [1592, 2148, 2308], 'assayed': [1594, 3302, 3319, 3335, 3368], 'variant': [1595, 1623, 2272, 2314, 2447, 2506, 2904, 2911, 2947, 3063, 3068, 3338, 3479, 3504, 3937], 'causally': [1598], 'related': [1599, 2875], 'question': [1604], 'merely': [1607], 'disequilibrium': [1610, 1634, 1666, 3314, 3332], 'causal': [1613, 1622, 1637], 'variant,': [1615, 2917], 'attenuated': [1626], 'degree': [1629, 2558, 3329], 'dictated': [1630], 'tested': [1639, 3477, 3502], 'variants.12': [1640], 'Owing': [1641, 3276], 'density': [1644, 3279], 'modern': [1646, 3281], 'arrays,': [1647], 'both': [1649, 2106, 3058, 3077, 3346, 3423], 'made': [1654], 'assumption': [1656, 3470, 3487], 'high': [1664], 'causative': [1669, 3296, 3308, 3337, 3377], 'variant.': [1670], '1.': [1672, 1787, 1831, 1962], 'Baseline': [1673], 'Patient': [1674], 'CharacteristicsCharacteristicTop': [1675], '5%': [1676, 1680, 1834, 1856, 2063, 2081, 2204], '"Unexplained': [1677, 1681, 2206], 'Protection"Whole': [1678], 'SampleBottom': [1679], 'Atherosclerosis"Top': [1682], 'vs': 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[1855, 2080, 2668, 3124, 3147, 3203], 'above': [1864], 'protection."': [1874], 'There': [1875], 'no': [1877, 2723], 'significant': [1878, 2826], 'difference': [1879, 2010, 2681], 'falling': [1886, 2645], 'into': [1887, 2661, 3186], 'these': [1888], 'groups,': [1890, 2688], 'exception': [1893], '(Table': [1898, 2174, 3274], '1).': [1899], '2.': [1901, 2391], 'Multiple': [1902], 'Regression': [1903], 'Ultrasonograhic': [1905], '2D': [1906], 'AreaFactorVariable': [1908], 'TypeParameter': [1909], 'EstimateStandard': [1910], 'ErrorβPartial': [1911], 'R2PR2=0.522;': [1912], 'P': [1913], '<0.0001.': [1914], 'β': [1915], 'standardized': [1917], 'estimate': [1919], 'factor;': [1931], 'R2,': [1932], 'coefficient': [1933], 'determination;': [1935], 'P,': [1942, 4011, 4053], '2-tailed': [1943], 'zero.AgeContinuous0.0760.0020.520.396<0.001Smoking,': [1952], 'pack-yearsContinuous0.0220.0010.210.063<0.001Male': [1953], 'sexBinary−0.6840.056−0.160.027<0.001Systolic': [1954], 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