Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2046964517', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/23/7/037', 'title': 'Experimental Study of a Pulsed Ytterbium-Doped Fibre Laser with Fast and Slow Saturable Absorbers in a Linear Cavity', 'display_name': 'Experimental Study of a Pulsed Ytterbium-Doped Fibre Laser with Fast and Slow Saturable Absorbers in a Linear Cavity', 'publication_year': 2006, 'publication_date': '2006-06-28', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2046964517', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/23/7/037', 'mag': '2046964517'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/23/7/037', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110033974', 'display_name': 'Chinese Physics Letters', 'issn_l': '0256-307X', 'issn': ['0256-307X', '1741-3540'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311669', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311669'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101094008', 'display_name': 'Yu Gan', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162868743', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012tb2g32', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gan Yu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090947723', 'display_name': 'Wanghua Xiang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0363-5583'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162868743', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012tb2g32', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Xiang Wang-Hua', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076673688', 'display_name': 'Zhou Xiao-fang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162868743', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012tb2g32', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhou Xiao-Fang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044191067', 'display_name': 'Guizhong Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6164-1790'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162868743', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012tb2g32', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhang Gui-Zhong', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5063254554', 'display_name': 'Bing Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-9242'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162868743', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012tb2g32', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhang Bing', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100334360', 'display_name': 'Yonggang Wang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4816-9182'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162868743', 'display_name': 'Tianjin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012tb2g32', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210149211', 'display_name': 'Institute of Semiconductors', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/048dd0611', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149211']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Wang Yong-Gang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083', 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technical Science (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162868743']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149211']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5102836116', 'display_name': 'Xiaoyu Ma', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-3074'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210149211', 'display_name': 'Institute of Semiconductors', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/048dd0611', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149211']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ma Xiao-Yu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210149211', 'https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5102836116'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210149211', 'https://openalex.org/I19820366'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 61}, 'biblio': {'volume': '23', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '1790', 'last_page': '1792'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10988', 'display_name': 'Optical Frequency Combs and Ultrafast Lasers', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10988', 'display_name': 'Optical Frequency Combs and Ultrafast Lasers', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10846', 'display_name': 'Photonic Crystal Fiber Technology', 'score': 0.9929, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11127', 'display_name': 'Solid-State Laser Technology', 'score': 0.9927, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/saturable-absorption', 'display_name': 'Saturable absorption', 'score': 0.9365442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mode-locking', 'display_name': 'Mode-locking', 'score': 0.6217208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ytterbium', 'display_name': 'Ytterbium', 'score': 0.5894032}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/saturable-absorbers', 'display_name': 'Saturable Absorbers', 'score': 0.537618}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-lasers', 'display_name': 'Fiber Lasers', 'score': 0.53013}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optics', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear Optics', 'score': 0.52105}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22116519', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379093', 'display_name': 'Saturable absorption', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9365442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.71007943}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C72959635', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2166583', 'display_name': 'Mode-locking', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6217208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C545659032', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1855', 'display_name': 'Ytterbium', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5894032}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5827146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C520434653', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867', 'display_name': 'Laser', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.566986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205049153', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605', 'display_name': 'Polarization (electrochemistry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53985655}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108225325', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456', 'display_name': 'Semiconductor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.533396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780167933', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652', 'display_name': 'Pulse (music)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47225967}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57863236', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130571', 'display_name': 'Doping', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44277462}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17163034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390528', 'display_name': 'Fiber laser', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44165257}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49040817', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091', 'display_name': 'Optoelectronics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4238986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158622935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42370066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.15900257}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.066327244}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94915269', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857', 'display_name': 'Detector', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147789679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372', 'display_name': 'Physical chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/23/7/037', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110033974', 'display_name': 'Chinese Physics Letters', 'issn_l': '0256-307X', 'issn': ['0256-307X', '1741-3540'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311669', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311669'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.75, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 22, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1963667658', 'https://openalex.org/W1972840592', 'https://openalex.org/W1984467687', 'https://openalex.org/W1991899814', 'https://openalex.org/W1995517577', 'https://openalex.org/W2000317470', 'https://openalex.org/W2006591271', 'https://openalex.org/W2015559951', 'https://openalex.org/W2024207320', 'https://openalex.org/W2028601515', 'https://openalex.org/W2030660958', 'https://openalex.org/W2033415476', 'https://openalex.org/W2039255616', 'https://openalex.org/W2039812546', 'https://openalex.org/W2051993454', 'https://openalex.org/W2075653960', 'https://openalex.org/W2081955983', 'https://openalex.org/W2089638978', 'https://openalex.org/W2127443016', 'https://openalex.org/W2128825331', 'https://openalex.org/W2147333603', 'https://openalex.org/W2201861148'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3153676074', 'https://openalex.org/W3091967755', 'https://openalex.org/W2605823580', 'https://openalex.org/W2585643911', 'https://openalex.org/W2525492114', 'https://openalex.org/W2092762479', 'https://openalex.org/W2072993632', 'https://openalex.org/W2005724694', 'https://openalex.org/W1997785199', 'https://openalex.org/W1979686523'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'We': [0, 35], 'present': [1], 'a': [2, 11, 26, 63], 'linear-cavity': [3], 'stretched-pulse': [4], 'fibre': [5], 'laser': [6], 'with': [7], 'mode': [8], 'locking': [9], 'by': [10, 16], 'nonlinear': [12, 58, 81], 'polarization': [13, 59, 82], 'rotation': [14], 'and': [15, 25, 45, 101], 'semiconductor': [17, 64, 94], 'saturable-absorber': [18], 'mirrors.': [19], 'A': [20, 80], 'Q-switched': [21], 'mode-locking': [22, 27, 75, 107], 'cw': [23, 74], 'train': [24, 29], 'pulse': [28], 'are': [30], 'obtained': [31], 'in': [32, 50, 77], 'the': [33, 37, 40, 46, 57, 72, 86, 92, 99, 103, 106], 'experiment.': [34, 51, 79], 'investigate': [36], 'effects': [38], 'of': [39, 105], 'equivalent': [41], 'fast': [42], 'saturable': [43, 48, 65, 95], 'absorber': [44, 66, 96], 'slow': [47], 'absorbers': [49], 'It': [52], 'is': [53, 68], 'found': [54], 'that': [55], 'neither': [56], 'evolution': [60, 83], 'effect': [61, 84], 'nor': [62], 'mirror': [67], 'enough': [69], 'to': [70, 89], 'produce': [71], 'stable': [73], 'pulses': [76], 'this': [78], 'controls': [85], 'cavity': [87], 'loss': [88], 'literally': [90], 'carve': [91], 'pulses;': [93], 'mirrors': [97], 'provide': [98], 'self-restarting': [100], 'maintain': [102], 'stability': [104], 'operation.': [108]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2046964517', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-11T14:01:34.146722', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}