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1311, 1344, 1738, 1762, 2099], '2009,': [285], 'director-general': [287], 'WHO,': [290], 'Dr': [291], 'Margaret': [292], 'Chan,': [293], 'reacted': [294, 867], 'great': [296], 'alacrity': [297], 'early': [299], 'reports': [300], 'highly': [303, 1363], 'virulent': [304], 'novel': [305, 657, 780], 'strain': [306], 'influenza,': [308], 'A': [312, 765, 2360, 2619], 'virus,': [313], 'PHEIC': [317, 1219], 'promptly.': [318], 'However,': [319, 435, 1119], 'eventually': [323], 'proved': [324], 'have': [326, 395, 735, 1388, 1430, 1477, 1524, 1554, 1830, 2107, 2123, 2169, 2863], 'low': [328], 'fatality': [329, 384, 427], 'rate,': [330], 'seen': [334], 'overreacting.': [336], 'pendulum': [338], 'swung': [339], 'way': [342], 'ongoing': [345], 'outbreak.': [347, 2098], 'only': [350, 1128, 1178, 1292, 1913], 'organized': [351], 'first': [353, 360, 390, 452, 485, 1167, 1189, 1540, 2298], 'multinational': [354, 1168, 1266], 'meeting': [355], '6': [356, 1221], 'months': [357, 1668, 2300], 'after': [358], 'cases': [361, 684], 'viral': [364, 643, 809, 837, 1193, 1518, 2131, 2408], 'disease.': [365], 'lesson': [367], 'learnt': [370, 2124], 'here': [371], 'importance': [374, 1048], 'accurate': [376, 522], 'field': [377], 'data': [378, 454, 550, 1116, 1805, 1816, 2135], 'determine': [380], 'actual': [382, 1802], 'case': [383, 426, 544, 621, 1156, 1190], 'rate.Since': [385], 'disease': [389, 644, 707, 723, 838, 1194, 1519, 1592, 2032, 2132, 2162, 2292], 'appeared': [391], '1976,': [393, 1522], 'there': [394, 901, 952, 1109, 1441, 1523, 1740, 1813, 1932], '22': [397], 'distinct': [398], 'identified': [400], 'WHO.': [403, 1996], 'reported': [405, 424, 880, 1162], 'ranged': [407], 'widely': [408, 1775], '41': [410], '100%': [412], '[3].': [413], 'For': [414, 483, 1702], 'outbreak,': [417, 951, 1080, 1349], 'Response': [421, 1176, 1235, 2288], 'Team': [422], 'initially': [423], '70.8%': [430], '[4]': [431], 'October': [433], '2014.': [434, 822, 1183], 'January': [438], '2015,': [439], 'this': [440, 582, 633, 1789, 2226, 2920], 'adjusted': [443], '50–60%': [445], '[5].Similarly': [446], 'pandemic,': [450, 1650], 'Mexico': [456], 'showed': [457], 'alarming': [459], 'figure': [460], '41%': [462], 'critically': [465, 526], 'ill': [466], 'patients': [467, 834, 995, 2337], '[6].': [468], 'led': [470, 1172, 2024], 'panic': [474], 'which': [475, 646, 1171, 1449, 1481, 1686, 2002, 2023], 'helped': [476], 'trigger': [478], 'PHEIC.': [482, 1960], 'time': [486, 744, 1864], 'recorded': [488], 'history,': [489], 'without': [495, 1464], 'emergence': [497, 778], 'subtype.': [501], 'Subsequently,': [502], 'found': [505], 'that': [506, 846, 866, 910, 1201, 1396, 1553, 1578, 1608, 1745, 1812, 1861, 2000], 'fewer': [507], 'people': [508], 'died': [509, 851], 'during': [512, 517, 817, 1646, 2823], 'year': [515, 520], 'than': [516, 889], 'nonpandemic': [519], '[7].An': [521], 'estimate': [524, 567, 583], 'important,': [527], 'challenge': [530], 'highlighted': [532, 1831], 'cross-border,': [535], 'rapidly': [536], 'expanding': [537], 'contributing': [540], 'factors': [541], 'include:': [542], 'changing': [543], 'definitions': [545, 622], 'delayed': [547], 'diagnosis,': [548], 'incomplete': [549], 'collection': [551], 'inconsistent': [554], 'contact': [555], 'tracing': [556], 'clinical': [558, 669, 1494, 1534, 1565, 1575, 1639, 1730, 1798, 1803, 1973, 2146], 'follow-up,': [559], 'lack': [561, 1063, 1500], 'population': [563, 617, 1616, 1755], 'denominators': [564], 'needed': [565], 'incidence.': [568], 'These': [569], 'further': [571, 906], 'clouded': [572], 'multitude': [575], 'cultural': [577], 'political': [579, 1414, 1853], 'barriers.': [580], 'Ideally,': [581], 'should': [584, 980, 1406], 'consist': [585], 'few': [588, 1443], 'representative': [589], 'samples': [590, 665, 693, 865, 993], 'both': [592, 1989], 'epicenter': [594], 'infection': [599, 1510, 2362, 2535], 'well': [601, 650], 'areas': [603], 'secondary': [605], 'spread.': [606], 'Denominators': [607], 'need': [608, 623], 'clearly': [611], 'defined': [612], 'terms': [614], 'risk': [619, 1758], 'strictly': [626], 'adhered': [627], 'numerator': [630], 'data.': [631], 'possible': [635], 'reemerging': [637], 'diseases': [639, 1924], 'such': [640, 999, 1023, 1361, 1468, 1902], 'laboratory': [647], 'confirmation': [648], 'established,': [651], 'might': [653], 'difficult': [655], 'diseases.': [658, 1845, 1908], 'can': [660, 710, 1012, 1034, 2090], 'overcome': [662], 'storing': [664], 'validation': [667], 'diagnoses': [670], 'once': [671, 685], 'diagnostic': [672, 686, 958, 1939], 'testing': [673, 687], 'becomes': [674, 1896], 'available.': [675], 'done': [678, 712, 802, 2087], 'SARS': [680, 2385], 'reclassification': [682], 'could': [688], 'completed': [690], 'stored': [692], '[8].SurveillanceRobust': [694], 'surveillance': [695, 746, 770, 789, 939], 'reporting': [697], 'systems': [698], 'form': [699], 'basis': [701], 'detection': [703], 'More': [709], 'distributing': [714], 'resources': [715], 'less': [718], 'developed': [719], 'areas,': [720], 'where': [721, 1597], 'place': [726, 1180], 'more': [727, 2055], 'frequently.The': [728], 'believed': [733], 'originated': [736], 'swine': [738], 'North': [740], 'America,': [741], 'focused': [748], 'east': [750], 'Asia': [751, 1980], 'poultry.': [752], 'We': [753], 'still': [754], 'know': [755], 'very': [756, 935, 1750, 1774], 'little': [757], 'about': [758, 785, 1323], 'animal': [759, 786], 'reservoirs': [760], 'virus.': [764, 2386], "'One": [766], "Health'": [767], 'approach': [768], 'critical': [772, 2154], 'understanding': [774], 'preventing': [776, 1509, 2745], 'pathogens.In': [781], 'addition': [782], 'knowing': [784], 'reservoirs,': [787], 'syndromic': [788], 'human': [791, 930], 'illness': [792, 931], 'vitally': [794], 'important.': [795], 'illustrated': [798], 'study': [801], '[9]': [803], 'Sierra': [805, 2411], 'Leone': [806], 'febrile': [810, 2409], 'illnesses': [811], 'diagnosed': [812], 'clinically': [813], 'Lassa': [815], 'fever': [816], '2006–2008,': [818], 'published': [819], 'July': [821, 1182], 'Only': [823], '30–40%': [824], 'had': [825, 835, 1134], 'positive': [826], 'confirmatory': [827], 'serological': [828], 'tests.': [829], 'rest': [831, 1306], 'commonest': [841], 'etiology.': [842], 'authors': [844, 2168, 2862], 'study,': [847], 'whom': [850], 'disease,': [855], 'poignantly': [856], 'commented,': [857], "'filoviruses": [858], 'represented': [859], 'largest': [861], 'group': [862], 'patient': [864], 'our': [869, 2112, 2157], 'study.': [870, 2368], 'finding': [872], 'surprising': [874], 'because': [875], 'no': [876, 903, 1526, 1651, 1728, 1815, 2170, 2864], 'filovirus': [877], 'region': [883], 'or': [884, 1006, 1019, 2173, 2179, 2186, 2193, 2206, 2211, 2214, 2216, 2867, 2873, 2880, 2887, 2900, 2905, 2908, 2910], 'west': [886, 2294, 2554], 'Africa': [887, 915, 2295], 'initial': [891], 'isolation': [892], 'Taï': [894], 'Forest': [895], 'C?te': [898], "d'Ivoire'.": [899], 'Unfortunately,': [900], 'opportunity': [904], 'characterize': [907], 'viruses': [909], 'circulating': [912], '2006–2008': [917], 'tragic': [920], 'consequence': [921], 'explosive': [924], '2014.Surveillance': [928], 'must,': [932], 'least,': [936], 'include': [937], 'communities,': [941], 'hospitals': [942], 'healthcare': [944], 'workers.': [945], 'With': [946], 'increase': [955], 'molecular': [957], 'facilities': [959], 'many': [961], 'parts': [962], 'world,': [965], 'now': [967], 'most': [968, 1756], 'access': [970], 'regional,': [973], 'if': [974], 'not': [975, 1186, 1398, 1463, 1631, 2118], 'local,': [976], 'referral': [977], 'laboratory.': [978], 'There': [979, 1386, 1559, 1725, 1846, 1961], 'system': [983], 'all': [985, 2068], 'developing': [986, 1595], 'countries': [987, 1485], 'capable': [988], 'identifying': [990], 'obtaining': [992], 'syndromes': [998, 1905], 'encephalitis,': [1001], 'hemorrhagic': [1002], 'fever,': [1003], 'pneumonia': [1005], 'unexplained': [1007], 'sepsis.': [1008], 'Perhaps': [1009], 'expanded': [1014], 'mandate': [1016], 'routine': [1017], 'sampling,': [1018], 'voluntary': [1021, 1258, 1309, 1333], 'network,': [1022], 'Global': [1026, 1094, 2271, 2789], 'Initiative': [1027], 'Sharing': [1029], 'Avian': [1030], 'Influenza': [1031, 1095, 1681, 2618], 'Data': [1032], '(GISAID),': [1033], 'established': [1036, 1135, 1228, 1678], 'diseases.Role': [1040], 'WHOThe': [1043], 'remains': [1045, 1933, 2083], 'crucial': [1047], 'leading': [1050], 'efforts': [1052, 1148], 'responses.': [1055], 'Its': [1056], 'potential': [1057], 'hindered': [1060], 'cooperation': [1065], 'commitment': [1067], 'member': [1070, 1081, 1132, 1255, 1261, 1274, 1384, 1394], 'states': [1071, 1133, 1275, 1395, 1405], 'nonsustainable': [1073], 'financing': [1074], 'systems.During': [1075], 'state': [1082], 'national': [1083], 'focal': [1085], 'points': [1086], 'regional': [1088], 'networks': [1089], 'set': [1091], 'up.': [1092], 'Surveillance': [1096], 'Network': [1097], '(GISN)': [1098], 'able': [1100, 1289], 'monitor': [1102], 'course': [1104], 'although': [1108], 'differentials': [1111], 'timeliness': [1114], 'analysis': [1117], '[10].': [1118], 'post-H1N1': [1122], 'survey': [1125], '2011,': [1127], '10%': [1129], 'capacities': [1137], 'agreement': [1142], '[11].The': [1143], 'impeded': [1144], 'progress': [1145], 'evident.': [1151, 2018], 'Following': [1152], 'putative': [1154], 'index': [1155], '2-year-old': [1159], 'Guinean': [1160], 'girl': [1161], 'December': [1164], '2013,': [1165], 'high-level': [1169], 'meeting,': [1170], 'Accra': [1175], 'Strategy,': [1177], 'took': [1179, 1666], 'It': [1184], 'until': [1187], 'arrived': [1195], 'Emory': [1197], 'Healthcare': [1198], 'USA,': [1200, 2666], 'assistance': [1203, 2219, 2913], 'humanitarian': [1205], 'aid': [1206], 'finally': [1207], 'poured': [1208], 'in.': [1209], 'then': [1211], 'epidemic': [1215, 2303], 'August,': [1222], 'UN': [1225], 'Security': [1226], 'Council': [1227], 'United': [1229, 2663], 'Nations': [1230], 'Mission': [1231], 'Emergency': [1234, 2256], '(UNMEER)': [1236], '19': [1238], 'September.WHO': [1239], 'funded': [1241, 2005, 2070], 'via': [1242], 'independent': [1245], 'sources.': [1246], 'They': [1247], 'assessed': [1250], 'contributions': [1251, 1259, 1269, 1381], '194': [1254], 'states,': [1256, 1262], 'non-government': [1263], 'corporations.': [1267], 'Assessed': [1268], 'committed': [1271], 'according': [1276], 'each': [1278, 2115], "country's": [1279], 'wealth': [1280], 'population.': [1282], 'arbitrary': [1284], 'funding': [1285, 1367, 2138], 'model': [1286], 'provide': [1291], '52': [1293], '61%': [1295], 'total': [1298], 'budget': [1299], '2012–2013': [1302], 'biennium': [1303], '[12].': [1304], 'comes': [1307], 'donations.': [1310], '2012–2013,': [1312], 'Bill': [1313], 'Melinda': [1315], 'Gates': [1316], 'Foundation': [1317], 'top': [1320], 'contributor': [1321], 'US$575,000,000,': [1324], 'overtaking': [1325], 'government': [1327, 2069], 'USA': [1330], 'contributors': [1334], 'list.': [1335], 'understandably': [1337], 'point': [1341], 'contention.': [1343], 'questions': [1350], 'raised': [1352], 'regarding': [1353], 'independence': [1355], 'decision-making': [1359], 'industry-fueled': [1364], 'source': [1365], '[13].The': [1368], 'ideal': [1369], 'would': [1370], 'World': [1374, 1471, 2236, 2243, 2268, 2279, 2317, 2446, 2476, 2483, 2490, 2591, 2600, 2607, 2629], 'Assembly': [1376], '(WHA)': [1377], 'impose': [1379], 'compulsory': [1380], 'states.': [1385], 'also': [1387, 1727], 'sanctions': [1391], 'enforced': [1392], 'do': [1397], 'comply': [1399], 'charters': [1401], 'requirements.': [1403], 'Member': [1404], 'exercise': [1407], 'foresight': [1408], 'put': [1410], 'aside': [1411], 'short-term': [1412], 'individualistic': [1413], 'agendas,': [1415], 'invest': [1417], 'genuine': [1418], 'interest': [1419, 2184, 2878], 'issues.': [1423], 'universal': [1426], 'tax': [1427], 'will': [1428], 'obviously': [1429], 'detractors': [1432], 'conspiracy': [1434], 'theorists': [1435], 'fear': [1437], "'one-world": [1439], "government,'": [1440], 'alternatives': [1444], 'fund': [1446], 'agency': [1448], 'primary': [1452], 'protecting': [1455], 'globe': [1457], 'cross-border': [1459], 'threats.': [1460], 'precedent': [1465], 'Bank': [1472], 'Monetary': [1475], 'Fund': [1476], 'specified': [1478], 'contribution': [1479], 'levels': [1480], 'mandated': [1483], 'proportionate': [1486], 'their': [1488], 'economic': [1489], 'standing.Research:': [1490], 'vaccines': [1491, 1504, 1562, 2689], 'development': [1492, 1543, 1699, 1841, 1887, 2768], 'trialsGiven': [1495], "Ebola's": [1496], 'virulence': [1497], 'effective': [1502, 1942], 'antivirals,': [1503, 1766], 'key': [1507, 1601], 'controlling': [1512], 'transmission.': [1513], 'Despite': [1514, 1658, 1926], 'numerous': [1516, 1692], 'since': [1521], 'controlled': [1527, 1652, 1729, 1797], 'studies': [1528, 1583, 1613], 'conducted.': [1529], 'push': [1532], 'trials': [1535, 1566, 1576, 1653, 1731, 1974], 'brought': [1536], 'light': [1538], 'vaccine': [1542, 1663, 1698, 1722, 1970, 1986, 2531, 2575, 2655, 2820], '2000': [1545], '[14],': [1546], 'number': [1549], 'therapeutics': [1552, 1655, 1838, 2058], 'explored': [1556], 'previously': [1557], '[15].': [1558], 'spearheading': [1563], 'currently': [1567], '[16].': [1568], 'One': [1569], 'promising': [1570], 'aspect': [1571], 'none': [1579, 1787], 'therapeutic': [1582], 'using': [1585], 'placebos.': [1586], 'world': [1596, 2101], 'trust': [1598], 'concern': [1602], 'ensure': [1604], 'community': [1605], 'participation': [1606], 'benefits': [1610], 'reach': [1614], 'studied.': [1617], 'feature': [1621], 'original': [1624], 'Helsinki': [1627], 'but': [1628, 1786], 'unfortunately': [1629], 'did': [1630], 'appear': [1632], 'latest': [1635], 'versions': [1636], 'trial': [1640, 1804], 'guidelines': [1641], 'WHA': [1644], '[17].Similarly': [1645], 'done.': [1657], 'well-established': [1659], 'pipelines': [1660], 'development,': [1664], '9': [1667, 2299], 'before': [1669, 2088], 'available': [1672, 1709], '[18].': [1673], 'Though': [1674], 'effectively': [1677], 'Pandemic': [1680, 2423, 2473, 2617], '(H1N1)': [1682, 2474, 2620], 'Vaccine': [1683, 2621], 'Deployment': [1684, 2622], 'Initiative,': [1685], 'mobilized': [1687], 'donations': [1688, 1928], 'coordinated': [1690], 'distribution,': [1691], 'technical': [1693], 'issues': [1694, 1854], 'caused': [1695], 'delays': [1696], 'manufacturing.': [1701], 'example,': [1703], 'limited': [1704, 1751], 'seed': [1705], 'strains': [1706], 'made': [1708], 'developers,': [1712], 'reliance': [1715], 'egg-based': [1717], 'methods': [1718], 'instead': [1719], 'cell-based': [1721], 'production': [1723, 2224, 2656, 2918], '[19].': [1724], 'monovalent': [1733], 'versus': [1735], 'trivalent': [1736], 'vaccines.': [1737], 'fact,': [1739], 'analyses': [1742, 1859], '[20]': [1743], 'suggesting': [1744], 'seasonal': [1746], 'vaccination': [1748, 1886], 'efficacy': [1752], '–': [1759, 2296, 2427, 2576], 'elderly.': [1761], 'arena': [1764], 'controversies': [1768], 'even': [1770, 1782], 'greater.': [1771], 'Oseltamivir': [1772, 2712], 'used': [1776], 'prophylaxis': [1784, 2714], '[21]': [1785], 'subjected': [1791], 'rigor': [1794], 'trial.': [1799], 'When': [1800, 1883], 'analysed': [1807], '[22],': [1808], 'support': [1818], 'use': [1820, 2813], 'oseltamivir': [1822], 'moderate': [1824], 'influenza.These': [1827], 'crux': [1833], 'problem': [1836], 'research': [1839, 2059, 2147], 'deeply': [1848], 'entrenched': [1849], 'economic,': [1850], 'regulatory': [1851, 2051], 'hindering': [1855], 'process.': [1857], 'Recent': [1858], 'show': [1860], 'average': [1863], 'taken': [1865], 'discovery': [1867], 'US': [1869], 'FDA': [1870], 'approval': [1871], '7.2': [1873], 'years': [1874], '[23]': [1875], 'may': [1877], 'up': [1879, 2078], 'US$1000': [1881], 'million.': [1882], 'drug': [1884, 2767], 'entirely': [1889], 'privatized': [1890], 'driven': [1892], 'profit,': [1894], 'heavily': [1897], 'biased': [1898], 'First-World': [1900], 'diseases,': [1901], 'metabolic': [1904], 'cardiovascular': [1907], 'Between': [1909], '1975': [1910], '2004,': [1912], '21': [1914], 'out': [1915], '1556': [1917], 'approved': [1918], 'drugs': [1919, 1943], 'neglected': [1922], 'tropical': [1923], '[24].': [1925], 'increasing': [1927], 'nongovernment': [1930], 'organizations,': [1931], 'dearth': [1935], 'vaccines,': [1937], 'rapid': [1938], 'tools': [1940], 'combat': [1945], 'multiresistant': [1948], 'microbes.A': [1949], 'contrast': [1951], 'effort,': [1957], 'huge': [1964], 'develop': [1967], 'large-scale': [1972], 'conducted': [1976], 'including': [1977], 'southeast': [1979], '[25].': [1981], 'Salk': [1983], 'Sabin': [1985], 'emerged': [1987], 'patents': [1991, 2212, 2906], 'donated': [1993], 'result': [1998], 'indeed': [2004], 'governments': [2007, 2048], 'public,': [2010], 'through': [2011], "'March": [2013], 'Dimes': [2015], "Foundation,'": [2016], 'That': [2019], 'kind': [2020], 'vision': [2022], 'near': [2027], 'deadly': [2031], 'sadly': [2034], 'lacking': [2035], 'today.': [2036], 'To': [2037], 'strategically': [2038], 'plan': [2039], 'future,': [2042], 'perhaps': [2045], 'prudent': [2046], 'bodies': [2052], 'assume': [2054], 'ownership': [2056, 2205, 2899], 'development.': [2061], 'As': [2062], 'basic': [2064], 'science': [2065], 'almost': [2067], 'anyway,': [2071], 'matter': [2075, 2192, 2886], 'coming': [2077], 'creative': [2081], 'solution.ConclusionThere': [2082], 'much': [2084], 'consider': [2091], 'ourselves': [2092], 'ready': [2093], 'blurred': [2103], 'boundaries,': [2105], 'conscious': [2110], 'responsibilities': [2113], 'other.': [2116], "Let's": [2117], 'forget': [2119], 'Accurate': [2134], 'collection,': [2136], 'better': [2137], 'mechanisms,': [2139], 'reform': [2140], 'agencies,': [2143], 'high': [2144], 'quality': [2145], 'sharing': [2148], 'expertise': [2150], 'resources,': [2152], 'strengthening': [2156], 'resilience': [2158], 'threats.Financial': [2163], 'competing': [2165, 2859], 'interests': [2166, 2860], 'disclosureThe': [2167, 2861], 'relevant': [2171, 2865], 'affiliations': [2172, 2866], 'financial': [2174, 2183, 2187, 2868, 2877, 2881], 'involvement': [2175, 2869], 'any': [2177, 2871], 'organization': [2178, 2872], 'entity': [2180, 2874], 'conflict': [2188, 2882], 'subject': [2191, 2885], 'materials': [2194, 2888], 'discussed': [2195, 2889], 'manuscript.': [2198, 2892], 'includes': [2200, 2894], 'employment,': [2201, 2895], 'consultancies,': [2202, 2896], 'honoraria,': [2203, 2897], 'stock': [2204, 2898], 'options,': [2207, 2901], 'expert': [2208, 2902], 'testimony,': [2209, 2903], 'grants': [2210, 2904], 'received': [2213, 2907], 'pending,': [2215, 2909], 'royalties.No': [2217, 2911], 'writing': [2218, 2912], 'utilized': [2221, 2915], 'manuscript.References1': [2227], 'M': [2228], 'Chan.': [2229], 'Swine': 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