Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2046569851', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0463.2003.11101301.x', 'title': 'The emerging phenotype of the testicular carcinoma in situ germ cell', 'display_name': 'The emerging phenotype of the testicular carcinoma in situ germ cell', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2046569851', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0463.2003.11101301.x', 'mag': '2046569851', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12752272'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0463.2003.11101301.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S135377718', 'display_name': 'Apmis', 'issn_l': '0903-4641', 'issn': ['0903-4641', '1600-0463'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5071655240', 'display_name': 'Ewa Rajpert‐De Meyts', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5946-7559'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'display_name': 'Rigshospitalet', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03mchdq19', 'country_code': 'DK', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802567020', 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'https://openalex.org/I4210145385']}], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'EWA RAJPERT-DE MEYTS', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802709434']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083958165', 'display_name': 'Jiřina Bártková', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210148920', 'display_name': 'Danish Cancer Society', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03ytt7k16', 'country_code': 'DK', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210148920']}], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'JIRINA BARTKOVA', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark, and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark, and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210148920']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055348027', 'display_name': 'Michel Samson', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I154526488', 'display_name': 'Inserm', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02vjkv261', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I154526488']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I56067802', 'display_name': 'Université de Rennes', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/015m7wh34', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I56067802']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'MICHEL SAMSON', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['GERM‐INSERM U‐435, University of Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'GERM‐INSERM U‐435, University of Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I154526488', 'https://openalex.org/I56067802']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068935091', 'display_name': 'Christina E. Hoei‐Hansen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-694X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'display_name': 'Rigshospitalet', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03mchdq19', 'country_code': 'DK', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802567020', 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'https://openalex.org/I4210145385']}], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'CHRISTINA E. HOEI-HANSEN', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802709434']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028600568', 'display_name': 'Lone Frydelund‐Larsen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'display_name': 'Rigshospitalet', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03mchdq19', 'country_code': 'DK', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802567020', 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'https://openalex.org/I4210145385']}], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'LONE FRYDELUND-LARSEN', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802709434']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103277913', 'display_name': 'Jiří Bártek', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-1914'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210148920', 'display_name': 'Danish Cancer Society', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03ytt7k16', 'country_code': 'DK', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210148920']}], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'JIRI BARTEK', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark, and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark, and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210148920']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5081123168', 'display_name': 'Niels E. Skakkebæk', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-8020'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'display_name': 'Rigshospitalet', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03mchdq19', 'country_code': 'DK', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802567020', 'https://openalex.org/I2802709434', 'https://openalex.org/I4210145385']}], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'NIELS E. SKAKKEBAEK', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802709434']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4120, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4120, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.253, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 161, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.87322, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '111', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '267', 'last_page': '279'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11069', 'display_name': 'Testicular diseases and treatments', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11069', 'display_name': 'Testicular diseases and treatments', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11077', 'display_name': 'Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1311', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10116', 'display_name': 'Sperm and Testicular Function', 'score': 0.9934, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2743', 'display_name': 'Reproductive Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/embryonal-carcinoma', 'display_name': 'Embryonal carcinoma', 'score': 0.58719593}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/lineage', 'display_name': 'Lineage (genetic)', 'score': 0.4455199}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-type', 'display_name': 'Cell type', 'score': 0.43245846}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.79280865}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134305767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725508', 'display_name': 'Somatic cell', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6943478}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145103041', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151519', 'display_name': 'Embryonic stem cell', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6568094}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779122487', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281579', 'display_name': 'Germ cell', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.65163094}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127716648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053', 'display_name': 'Phenotype', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.62738824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780327976', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1451877', 'display_name': 'Embryonal carcinoma', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.58719593}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C148738053', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210861', 'display_name': 'Cellular differentiation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5436309}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778074268', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786953', 'display_name': 'Seminoma', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.54027253}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C93304396', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14763008', 'display_name': 'Mitosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45290902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776817793', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553369', 'display_name': 'Lineage (genetic)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4455199}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C189014844', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189118', 'display_name': 'Cell type', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43245846}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C502942594', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914', 'display_name': 'Cancer research', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4155762}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38071445}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35187393}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33980817}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32541463}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1491633281', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868', 'display_name': 'Cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31625584}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.30190426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.084973335}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776694085', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135', 'display_name': 'Chemotherapy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002278', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010641', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenotype', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018239', 'descriptor_name': 'Seminoma', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013736', 'descriptor_name': 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000293', 'descriptor_name': 'Adolescent', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000951', 'descriptor_name': 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000951', 'descriptor_name': 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002278', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002278', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002453', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Cycle', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002453', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Cycle', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002471', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002471', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041321', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Human, X', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041321', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Human, X', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041322', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Human, Y', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041322', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosomes, Human, Y', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004260', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Repair', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004260', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Repair', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015870', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Expression', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007150', 'descriptor_name': 'Immunohistochemistry', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018239', 'descriptor_name': 'Seminoma', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018239', 'descriptor_name': 'Seminoma', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013094', 'descriptor_name': 'Spermatozoa', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013094', 'descriptor_name': 'Spermatozoa', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013234', 'descriptor_name': 'Stem Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013234', 'descriptor_name': 'Stem Cells', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013736', 'descriptor_name': 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013736', 'descriptor_name': 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0463.2003.11101301.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S135377718', 'display_name': 'Apmis', 'issn_l': '0903-4641', 'issn': ['0903-4641', '1600-0463'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12752272', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.69, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 97, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W127597761', 'https://openalex.org/W1499944371', 'https://openalex.org/W1522482495', 'https://openalex.org/W1570759082', 'https://openalex.org/W1583180280', 'https://openalex.org/W1591553287', 'https://openalex.org/W165502572', 'https://openalex.org/W192655000', 'https://openalex.org/W1952464100', 'https://openalex.org/W1963639840', 'https://openalex.org/W1966822439', 'https://openalex.org/W1968616490', 'https://openalex.org/W1968886666', 'https://openalex.org/W1970159856', 'https://openalex.org/W1976416988', 'https://openalex.org/W1979135168', 'https://openalex.org/W1984083837', 'https://openalex.org/W1984277231', 'https://openalex.org/W1984655584', 'https://openalex.org/W1989233727', 'https://openalex.org/W1992344936', 'https://openalex.org/W1994305470', 'https://openalex.org/W1994429466', 'https://openalex.org/W2002564923', 'https://openalex.org/W2003750828', 'https://openalex.org/W2004595580', 'https://openalex.org/W2008334136', 'https://openalex.org/W2009620890', 'https://openalex.org/W2011144636', 'https://openalex.org/W2011742648', 'https://openalex.org/W2012974895', 'https://openalex.org/W2018964297', 'https://openalex.org/W2021519984', 'https://openalex.org/W2024605133', 'https://openalex.org/W2025701349', 'https://openalex.org/W2028965702', 'https://openalex.org/W2029896637', 'https://openalex.org/W2033116528', 'https://openalex.org/W2034128166', 'https://openalex.org/W2036710224', 'https://openalex.org/W2036800615', 'https://openalex.org/W2037957809', 'https://openalex.org/W2043727356', 'https://openalex.org/W2045028389', 'https://openalex.org/W2045525504', 'https://openalex.org/W2049625021', 'https://openalex.org/W2050971580', 'https://openalex.org/W2052972341', 'https://openalex.org/W2053078632', 'https://openalex.org/W2053289102', 'https://openalex.org/W2055517655', 'https://openalex.org/W2056194550', 'https://openalex.org/W2063663790', 'https://openalex.org/W2063948611', 'https://openalex.org/W2066379068', 'https://openalex.org/W2073582279', 'https://openalex.org/W2073610719', 'https://openalex.org/W2076079047', 'https://openalex.org/W2077774095', 'https://openalex.org/W2086323674', 'https://openalex.org/W2094557730', 'https://openalex.org/W2095780300', 'https://openalex.org/W2096319307', 'https://openalex.org/W2097892072', 'https://openalex.org/W2098394696', 'https://openalex.org/W2100089824', 'https://openalex.org/W2101502773', 'https://openalex.org/W2101775966', 'https://openalex.org/W2106071306', 'https://openalex.org/W2112626438', 'https://openalex.org/W2114658684', 'https://openalex.org/W2115863781', 'https://openalex.org/W2121045186', 'https://openalex.org/W2125321010', 'https://openalex.org/W2127739725', 'https://openalex.org/W2128674569', 'https://openalex.org/W2134453313', 'https://openalex.org/W2140864909', 'https://openalex.org/W2144935482', 'https://openalex.org/W2145940470', 'https://openalex.org/W2146636202', 'https://openalex.org/W2154891352', 'https://openalex.org/W2161069752', 'https://openalex.org/W2166645045', 'https://openalex.org/W2170553016', 'https://openalex.org/W231479761', 'https://openalex.org/W2398345884', 'https://openalex.org/W2406428227', 'https://openalex.org/W2410651335', 'https://openalex.org/W2414033354', 'https://openalex.org/W2466338144', 'https://openalex.org/W31349984', 'https://openalex.org/W322014996', 'https://openalex.org/W4234931458', 'https://openalex.org/W4249666071', 'https://openalex.org/W74964901', 'https://openalex.org/W85331885'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W72586372', 'https://openalex.org/W3037620696', 'https://openalex.org/W2923958011', 'https://openalex.org/W2923429314', 'https://openalex.org/W2340531881', 'https://openalex.org/W2161795708', 'https://openalex.org/W2046569851', 'https://openalex.org/W2044384270', 'https://openalex.org/W1915183668', 'https://openalex.org/W1591391963'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'review': [1, 67], 'summarises': [2], 'the': [3, 7, 10, 44, 69, 86, 107, 129, 152, 155, 185, 210, 228, 239, 243, 259, 263, 294], 'existing': [4], 'knowledge': [5], 'on': [6, 128, 184], 'phenotype': [8], 'of': [9, 22, 27, 37, 68, 106, 124, 131, 154, 159, 165, 168, 170, 180, 187, 193, 213, 220, 223, 252, 262, 270], 'carcinoma': [11, 50], 'in': [12, 72, 75, 102, 138, 190, 201, 255, 293], 'situ': [13], '(CIS)': [14], 'cell.': [15], 'CIS': [16, 73, 89, 125, 135, 256, 279], 'is': [17, 90, 199], 'a': [18, 35, 91, 103, 120, 177], 'common': [19, 92], 'pre-invasive': [20], 'precursor': [21, 93], 'testicular': [23, 79], 'germ': [24, 45, 80, 171, 194, 232, 272, 284, 291], 'cell': [25, 46, 63, 99, 247, 264], 'tumours': [26, 33, 84], 'adolescents': [28], 'and': [29, 54, 82, 133, 236, 258, 288], 'young': [30], 'adults.': [31], 'These': [32], 'display': [34], 'variety': [36], 'histological': [38], 'forms.': [39], 'Classical': [40], 'seminoma': [41], 'proliferates': [42], 'along': [43, 173], 'lineage,': [47], 'whereas': [48], 'embryonal': [49], 'retains': [51], 'embryonic': [52, 108, 181, 253], 'features': [53, 182], 'readily': [55], 'differentiates': [56], 'into': [57, 149], 'teratomas': [58], 'that': [59, 88, 208, 267, 278], 'resemble': [60], 'various': [61], 'somatic': [62], 'lineages.': [64], 'A': [65, 162], 'thorough': [66], 'gene': [70, 188, 214, 224], 'expression': [71, 189, 251, 261], 'cells': [74, 81, 136, 172, 195, 233, 273, 280, 285, 292], 'comparison': [76], 'to': [77, 142, 234, 245], 'normal': [78], 'overt': [83, 160], 'supports': [85], 'view': [87], 'for': [94, 119, 145], 'both': [95], 'tumour': [96], 'types.': [97], 'Impaired': [98], 'differentiation': [100, 132, 169], 'resulting': [101], 'partial': [104], 'retention': [105], 'features,': [109], 'associated': [110], 'with': [111, 176], 'an': [112], 'increasing': [113], 'genomic': [114], 'instability': [115], 'may': [116], 'be': [117, 143], 'responsible': [118], 'remarkable': [121], 'phenotypic': [122, 166, 211], 'heterogeneity': [123], 'cells.': [126], 'Depending': [127], 'degree': [130], 'pluripotency,': [134], 'found': [137], 'adult': [139, 295], 'patients': [140], 'seem': [141], 'predestined': [144], 'further': [146], 'malignant': [147], 'progression': [148], 'one': [150], 'or': [151, 286], 'other': [153], 'two': [156, 218], 'main': [157], 'types': [158, 192], 'tumours.': [161], 'new': [163], 'concept': [164], 'continuity': [167], 'germinal': [174], 'lineage': [175], 'gradual': [178], 'loss': [179], 'based': [183], 'analysis': [186], 'all': [191], 'during': [196, 238], 'their': [197], 'ontogeny': [198], 'presented': [200], 'this': [202], 'review.': [203], 'The': [204, 249], 'data': [205], 'point': [206], 'out': [207], 'despite': [209], 'continuum': [212], 'expression,': [215], 'there': [216], 'are': [217, 268], 'periods': [219], 'rapid': [221], 'changes': [222], 'expression:': [225], 'first': [226], 'at': [227], 'transition': [229], 'from': [230, 242, 282, 290], 'primordial': [231, 283], 'pre-spermatogonia,': [235], 'later': [237], 'pubertal': [240], 'switch': [241], 'mitotic': [244, 271], 'meiotic': [246], 'division.': [248], 'persistent': [250], 'traits': [254], 'cells,': [257], 'high': [260], 'cycle': [265], 'regulators': [266], 'typical': [269], 'support': [274], 'our': [275], 'long-standing': [276], 'hypothesis': [277], 'originate': [281], 'gonocytes': [287], 'not': [289], 'testis.': [296]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2046569851', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 8}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-06T03:47:09.817440', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}