Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2045119243', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2010.04.003', 'title': 'Discrete element method simulation of properties of a 3D conical hopper with mono-sized spheres', 'display_name': 'Discrete element method simulation of properties of a 3D conical hopper with mono-sized spheres', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-01-19', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2045119243', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2010.04.003', 'mag': '2045119243'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2010.04.003', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S9304834', 'display_name': 'Advanced Powder Technology', 'issn_l': '0921-8831', 'issn': ['0921-8831', '1568-5527'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5003910863', 'display_name': 'Yaowei Yu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9172-2540'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130217899', 'display_name': 'Åbo Akademi University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/029pk6x14', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130217899']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yaowei Yu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Thermal and Flow Engineering Laboratory,#R#Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Thermal and Flow Engineering Laboratory,#R#Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130217899']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051405132', 'display_name': 'Henrik Saxén', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5671-8367'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130217899', 'display_name': 'Åbo Akademi University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/029pk6x14', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130217899']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Henrik Saxén', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Thermal and Flow Engineering Laboratory,#R#Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Thermal and Flow Engineering Laboratory,#R#Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130217899']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2800, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2800, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.377, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 84, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999931, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '22', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '324', 'last_page': '331'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10615', 'display_name': 'Granular flow and fluidized beds', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10615', 'display_name': 'Granular flow and fluidized beds', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12282', 'display_name': 'Mineral Processing and Grinding', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11837', 'display_name': 'Iron and Steelmaking Processes', 'score': 0.9917, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/funnel', 'display_name': 'Funnel', 'score': 0.6632876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/particle', 'display_name': 'Particle (ecology)', 'score': 0.5485899}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-flow', 'display_name': 'Particle Flow', 'score': 0.41437364}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171872576', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902783', 'display_name': 'Discrete element method', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8874401}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124961601', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518149', 'display_name': 'Conical surface', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8559329}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.72230154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6761155}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17435862', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29957', 'display_name': 'Funnel', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6632876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194242075', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546776', 'display_name': 'Body orifice', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.64920884}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C72422203', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7392545', 'display_name': 'SPHERES', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6054745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C38349280', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290', 'display_name': 'Flow (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5528926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778517922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482', 'display_name': 'Particle (ecology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5485899}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32568104', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155083', 'display_name': 'Granular material', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42630062}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166693061', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462119', 'display_name': 'Flow velocity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41569895}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2985957023', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105191', 'display_name': 'Particle flow', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41437364}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33350873}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18152335}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16482699}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16275015}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.10922438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1276947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333', 'display_name': 'Astronomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2010.04.003', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S9304834', 'display_name': 'Advanced Powder Technology', 'issn_l': '0921-8831', 'issn': ['0921-8831', '1568-5527'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9', 'score': 0.46}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 16, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1975211713', 'https://openalex.org/W1981113266', 'https://openalex.org/W1983530062', 'https://openalex.org/W1984730837', 'https://openalex.org/W1995434037', 'https://openalex.org/W2008101234', 'https://openalex.org/W2010019309', 'https://openalex.org/W2012144619', 'https://openalex.org/W2027999978', 'https://openalex.org/W2042314735', 'https://openalex.org/W2046623190', 'https://openalex.org/W2054650487', 'https://openalex.org/W2073775990', 'https://openalex.org/W2075889830', 'https://openalex.org/W2088486481', 'https://openalex.org/W2090432504'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3023863392', 'https://openalex.org/W2977543312', 'https://openalex.org/W2369258354', 'https://openalex.org/W2225805609', 'https://openalex.org/W2100437790', 'https://openalex.org/W2019883161', 'https://openalex.org/W1998466228', 'https://openalex.org/W1983694986', 'https://openalex.org/W1983530062', 'https://openalex.org/W1969990794'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2045119243', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T05:22:22.382992', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}