Abstract: Topological quantum field theories containing matter fields are constructed by twisting N = 2 supersymmetric quantum field theories. It is shown that N = 2 chiral (antichiral) multiplets lead to topological sigma models while N = 2 twisted chiral (twisted antichiral) multiplets lead to Landau-Ginzburg type topological quantum field theories. In addition, topological gravity in two dimensions is formulated using a gauge principle applied to the topological algebra which results after the twisting of N = 2 supersymmetry.