Title: High‐speed, swept‐source optical coherence tomography: a 3‐dimensional view of anterior chamber angle recession
Abstract: Acta Ophthalmologica ScandinavicaVolume 85, Issue 6 p. 684-685 Free Access High-speed, swept-source optical coherence tomography: a 3-dimensional view of anterior chamber angle recession Keisuke Kawana, Keisuke Kawana Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorYoshiaki Yasuno, Yoshiaki Yasuno Computational Optics Group, Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorToyohiko Yatagai, Toyohiko Yatagai Computational Optics Group, Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorTetsuro Oshika, Tetsuro Oshika Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this author Keisuke Kawana, Keisuke Kawana Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorYoshiaki Yasuno, Yoshiaki Yasuno Computational Optics Group, Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorToyohiko Yatagai, Toyohiko Yatagai Computational Optics Group, Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorTetsuro Oshika, Tetsuro Oshika Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this author First published: 20 August 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0420.2006.00836.xCitations: 12 Keisuke Kawana MDDepartment of OphthalmologyInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8575JapanTel: + 81 29 853 3148Fax: + 81 29 853 3148Email: [email protected] AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat A 20-year-old man was referred to our hospital after sustaining a hit with a baseball in the left eye. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in this eye was hand movement. Marked lid swelling was observed. Slit-lamp examination of the left eye revealed a deep anterior chamber with hyphaema. Gonioscopy could not be performed because of severe lid oedema and pain. The subject was treated with topical corticosteroid and antibiotic solutions. Seven days after injury, his BCVA recovered to 20/20 and intraocular pressure was 15 mmHg in the left eye. Angle recession was found in all directions by gonioscopy (Fig. 1A). After obtaining the informed consent of the patient, optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were captured using a 3-dimensional, high-speed, swept-source OCT system.** Institutional review board approval was obtained for use of the optical coherence tomography research protocol described here. Figure 1Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Left eye of the patient. (A) Gonioscopy shows angle recession in all directions. (B) Three-dimensional optical coherence tomography (OCT) image of the anterior chamber demonstrates the presence and extent of angle recession. (C) Two-dimensional images of the angle in different directions illustrate the depth of angle recession. (D) A 3-dimensional OCT image of a normal control eye is presented for comparison. (E, F) Left eye of the patient. The presence and absence of angle recession are contrasted in 2-dimensional, ultra-high dense B-mode images of the recessed and normal angle, respectively. The device used was a prototype model newly developed by the Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba (Yasuno et al. 2005). The light source has a central wavelength of 1310 nm, which enables greater penetration of ocular tissue compared with conventional 830-nm OCT. The system has a 20-KHz scanning rate and high linearity in frequency sweeping. The maximum resolution is 7.5 µm in vivo. It can obtain 3-dimensional tomography with an acquisition time of 2 seconds per volume of 200 × 200 × 1024 voxels. Two-dimensional, ultra-high dense B-scans (2000 × 100 pixels) can also be obtained. A typical 3-dimensional scan (C-scan) comprises 200 B-scans, each of which comprises 200 A-scans. This OCT system can produce 2-dimensional images by sectioning the 3-dimensional image along any direction. The 3-dimensional OCT image of the anterior chamber demonstrates the presence and extent of angle recession (Fig. 1B). The space between the iris root and corneal inner surface is depicted. Two-dimensional images of the angle in different directions illustrate the depth of angle recession (Fig. 1C). The scleral spur is identified as the point projected inwardly from the inner surface of the sclera. A 3-dimensional OCT image of a normal control eye is presented for comparison (Fig. 1D). The normal, smooth angle recess is visualized. The trabecular meshwork and iris surface have high signal intensity. Even the posterior surface of the iris and part of the ciliary body are seen. The presence and absence of angle recession are contrasted in 2-dimensional, ultra-high dense B-mode images of the recessed and normal angle, respectively (Fig. 1E, F). The scleral spur, trabecular meshwork and iris are also clearly visible. The cornea is not clearly imaged because measurement settings were adjusted to the angle structures. Angle recession is often caused by blunt ocular trauma (Berinstein et al. 1997; Ozdal et al. 2003). A diagnosis of angle recession is usually based on gonioscopy or ultrasound biomicroscopy findings. These examination methods, however, entail the direct contact of the device with the eye, which can increase the risk of corneal damage and infection. These procedures are cumbersome and uncomfortable for the patient because of physical contact and the need to immerse the eye in fluid with an eye cup or another holding device. Moreover, physical contact may distort the shape of the eye. Recently, non-contact, high-speed OCT for evaluation of the anterior segment has been developed (Goldsmith et al. 2005; Radhakrishnan et al. 2005). The latest device can obtain both 2- and 3-dimensional images of the anterior segment, including the iris root and anterior chamber angle (Yasuno et al. 2005). Three-dimensional OCT images seem to be useful in the non-invasive detection and evaluation of anatomical and structural abnormality in the anterior segment. We report the first clinical application of this newly developed 3-dimensional, high-speed swept-source OCT. The swept-source OCT system is capable of displaying real-time 2-dimensional OCT and obtaining a 3-dimensional OCT volume. As swept-source OCT is a variation of Fourier domain OCT, similar to spectral domain OCT, it maintains its advantage of sensitivity over time domain OCT. Furthermore, swept-source OCT has several major advantages over spectral domain OCT, including its higher robustness against sample motions. Thus, this system can depict 3-dimensional images of the anterior segment of the eye, including the scleral spur, trabecular meshwork, angle recess and iris root. Non-contact, high-speed examination is highly beneficial to patients, and, furthermore, 3-dimensional imaging will help patients to understand the status of their disease. Footnotes * Institutional review board approval was obtained for use of the optical coherence tomography research protocol described here. Acknowledgements This research was supported in part by a grant-in-aid for scientific research (15760026) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, the Japan Science and Technology Agency, and the Special Research Project of Nanoscience at the University of Tsukuba. References Berinstein DM, Gentile RC, Sidoti PA, Stegman Z, Tello C, Liebmann JM & Ritch R (1997): Ultrasound biomicroscopy in anterior ocular trauma. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 28: 201– 207. CrossrefCASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Goldsmith JA, Li Y, Chalita MR, Westphal V, Patil CA, Rollins AM, Izatt JA & Huang D (2005): Anterior chamber width measurement by high-speed optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmology 112: 238– 244. CrossrefCASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Ozdal MP, Mansour M & Deschenes J (2003): Ultrasound biomicroscopic evaluation of the traumatized eye. Eye 17: 467– 472. CrossrefCASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Radhakrishnan S, Huang D & Smith SD (2005): Optical coherence tomography imaging of the anterior chamber angle. Ophthalmol Clin N Am 18: 375– 381. CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar Yasuno Y, Dimitrova V, Makita S et al. (2005): Three-dimensional and high-speed swept-source optical coherence tomography for in vivo investigation of human anterior eye segments. Optics Express 13: 10652– 10664. CrossrefPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume85, Issue6September 2007Pages 684-685 FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation
Publication Year: 2007
Publication Date: 2007-08-20
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref', 'pubmed']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 20
AI Researcher Chatbot
Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot