Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2038278636', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1145/568954.568956', 'title': 'GLR parsing with multiple grammars for natural language queries', 'display_name': 'GLR parsing with multiple grammars for natural language queries', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2038278636', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1145/568954.568956', 'mag': '2038278636'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1145/568954.568956', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S56575750', 'display_name': 'ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing', 'issn_l': '1530-0226', 'issn': ['1530-0226', '1558-3430'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319798', 'host_organization_name': 'Association for Computing Machinery', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319798'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Association for Computing Machinery'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019458385', 'display_name': 'Helen Meng', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4427-3532'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177725633', 'display_name': 'Chinese University of Hong Kong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00t33hh48', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Helen Meng', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Chinese University of Hong Kong'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Chinese University of Hong Kong', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111491455', 'display_name': 'Po-Chui Luk', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177725633', 'display_name': 'Chinese University of Hong Kong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00t33hh48', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Po-Chui Luk', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Chinese University of Hong Kong'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Chinese University of Hong Kong', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108247385', 'display_name': 'Kui Xu', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177725633', 'display_name': 'Chinese University of Hong Kong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00t33hh48', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kui Xu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Chinese University of Hong Kong'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Chinese University of Hong Kong', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103540001', 'display_name': 'Fuliang Weng', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I889804353', 'display_name': 'Robert Bosch (Germany)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01fe0jt45', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I889804353']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Fuliang Weng', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Robert Bosch Corporation,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Robert Bosch Corporation,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I889804353']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 3, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.681318, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 68, 'max': 71}, 'biblio': {'volume': '1', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '123', 'last_page': '144'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10181', 'display_name': 'Natural Language Processing Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10181', 'display_name': 'Natural Language Processing Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10028', 'display_name': 'Topic Modeling', 'score': 0.9939, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10215', 'display_name': 'Semantic Web and Ontologies', 'score': 0.9836, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing-expression-grammar', 'display_name': 'Parsing expression grammar', 'score': 0.81279564}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/top-down-parsing-language', 'display_name': 'Top-down parsing language', 'score': 0.7746863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/lr-parser', 'display_name': 'LR parser', 'score': 0.5689171}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/s-attributed-grammar', 'display_name': 'S-attributed grammar', 'score': 0.5250718}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.85396826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42560504', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15419395', 'display_name': 'Top-down parsing', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.830021}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146810361', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32271', 'display_name': 'Parsing expression grammar', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.81279564}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118364021', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7139956', 'display_name': 'Parser combinator', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.787477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C186644900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152', 'display_name': 'Parsing', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7796269}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166651950', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7824365', 'display_name': 'Top-down parsing language', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.7746863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204321447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642', 'display_name': 'Natural language processing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6536578}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6287483}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C35164859', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756442', 'display_name': 'LR parser', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5689171}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60690694', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q894902', 'display_name': 'Bottom-up parsing', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.56349194}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147547768', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113342', 'display_name': 'S-attributed grammar', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5250718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26022165', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091', 'display_name': 'Grammar', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4609111}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3994133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97212296', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047', 'display_name': 'Context-free grammar', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.24103412}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67621940', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113340', 'display_name': 'L-attributed grammar', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.16245514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1123479}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1145/568954.568956', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S56575750', 'display_name': 'ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing', 'issn_l': '1530-0226', 'issn': ['1530-0226', '1558-3430'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319798', 'host_organization_name': 'Association for Computing Machinery', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319798'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Association for Computing Machinery'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Quality education', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'score': 0.82}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 29, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W105016331', 'https://openalex.org/W1491178396', 'https://openalex.org/W1605351056', 'https://openalex.org/W168600580', 'https://openalex.org/W1844759532', 'https://openalex.org/W1970961429', 'https://openalex.org/W1972123888', 'https://openalex.org/W1975800736', 'https://openalex.org/W1993331241', 'https://openalex.org/W1995659479', 'https://openalex.org/W2059000558', 'https://openalex.org/W2091671846', 'https://openalex.org/W2097125878', 'https://openalex.org/W2109507516', 'https://openalex.org/W2112482100', 'https://openalex.org/W2134495021', 'https://openalex.org/W2405976793', 'https://openalex.org/W2597684388', 'https://openalex.org/W2603415636', 'https://openalex.org/W2603454388', 'https://openalex.org/W2751335644', 'https://openalex.org/W3037016808', 'https://openalex.org/W3037761263', 'https://openalex.org/W3047412010', 'https://openalex.org/W3088593571', 'https://openalex.org/W3190654488', 'https://openalex.org/W41268361', 'https://openalex.org/W4247839557', 'https://openalex.org/W65613245'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4352991602', 'https://openalex.org/W4234406160', 'https://openalex.org/W3105233674', 'https://openalex.org/W259638874', 'https://openalex.org/W2116566824', 'https://openalex.org/W2066607816', 'https://openalex.org/W2029941026', 'https://openalex.org/W1975821179', 'https://openalex.org/W1806318414', 'https://openalex.org/W102366352'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'article': [1], 'presents': [2], 'an': [3, 93, 120], 'approach': [4], 'for': [5, 30, 139], 'parsing': [6, 44, 67, 77, 95, 201, 220, 240, 254], 'natural': [7, 31, 107, 158], 'language': [8, 32, 159], 'queries': [9, 160], 'that': [10, 123, 232], 'integrates': [11], 'multiple': [12, 61], 'subparsers': [13], 'and': [14, 23, 69, 147, 178, 259], 'subgrammars,': [15, 62], 'in': [16, 43, 97, 106, 199, 211, 256], 'contrast': [17], 'to': [18, 56, 82, 118, 226, 268], 'the': [19, 38, 48, 58, 75, 89, 115, 125, 128, 162, 173, 192, 204, 218, 238], 'traditional': [20], 'single': [21, 85, 132, 271], 'grammar': [22, 51, 59, 184, 195, 207, 215, 233], 'parser': [24, 91, 110, 140, 143, 149], 'approach.': [25], 'In': [26], 'using': [27, 83, 269], 'LR(k)': [28], 'parsers': [29, 102], 'processing,': [33], 'we': [34, 180], 'are': [35], 'faced': [36], 'with': [37, 92, 151, 157, 183], 'problem': [39], 'of': [40, 50, 131], 'rapid': [41], 'growth': [42], 'table': [45, 68, 78, 96, 221, 241], 'sizes': [46], 'as': [47, 127], 'number': [49], 'rules': [52], 'increases.': [53], 'We': [54, 87, 169], 'propose': [55], 'partition': [57], 'into': [60, 176], 'each': [63], 'having': [64], 'its': [65, 200], 'own': [66], 'parser.': [70, 133, 273], 'Grammar': [71], 'partitioning': [72, 185, 216, 234], 'helps': [73], 'reduce': [74], 'overall': [76, 121, 219, 239], 'size': [79, 222], 'when': [80, 266], 'compared': [81, 267], 'a': [84, 252, 262, 270], 'grammar.': [86], 'used': [88, 138], 'GLR': [90, 101, 272], 'LR(1)': [94], 'our': [98, 257], 'framework': [99], 'because': [100], 'can': [103], 'handle': [104], 'ambiguity': [105], 'language.': [108], 'A': [109], 'composition': [111, 144, 150, 250], 'technique': [112], 'then': [113], 'combines': [114], "parsers'": [116], 'outputs': [117], 'produce': [119], 'parse': [122, 130], 'is': [124], 'same': [126], 'output': [129], 'Two': [134], 'different': [135], 'strategies': [136], 'were': [137, 155, 246], 'composition:': [141], '(i)': [142], 'by': [145], 'cascading;': [146], '(ii)': [148], 'predictive': [152], 'pruning.Our': [153], 'experiments': [154], 'conducted': [156], 'from': [161, 223], 'ATIS': [163, 194], '(Air': [164], 'Travel': [165], 'Information': [166], 'Service)': [167], 'domain.': [168], 'have': [170], 'manually': [171], 'translated': [172], 'ATIS-3': [174], 'corpora': [175], 'Chinese,': [177, 214], 'consequently': [179], 'could': [181], 'experiment': [182], 'on': [186, 237], 'parallel': [187], 'linguistic': [188], 'corpora.': [189], 'For': [190, 213], 'English,': [191], 'unpartitioned': [193], 'has': [196, 208], '72,869': [197], 'states': [198, 210, 225], 'table,': [202], 'while': [203], 'partitioned': [205], 'English': [206], '3,350': [209], 'total.': [212], 'reduced': [217], '29,734': [224], '3,894': [227], 'states.': [228], 'Both': [229], 'results': [230], 'show': [231], 'greatly': [235], 'economizes': [236], 'size.': [242], 'Language': [243], 'understanding': [244, 264], 'performances': [245], 'also': [247], 'examined.': [248], 'Parser': [249], 'imparts': [251], 'robust': [253], 'capability': [255], 'framework,': [258], 'hence': [260], 'obtains': [261], 'higher': [263], 'performance': [265]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2038278636', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-11T04:10:35.003650', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}